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循环 转向器 设计 优秀 优良 毕业设计 10 cad 图纸

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MECHANICALENGINEERINGENGLISHLESSON1MODERNMANUFACTURINGENGINEERINGAWHATISMANUFACTURINGMAYBEYOUVENEVERTHOUGHTABOUTITBEFORE,BUTITISALLAROUNDYOUITAFFECTSEVERYPARTOFYOURLIFEWHATISITINTHISCASE,“IT”ISMANUFACTURINGACTUALLY“MANUFACTURING”ISNOTALLAROUNDYOUBUTMANUFACTUREDPRODUCTSARELOOKAROUNDYOURIGHTNOWNAMESOMETHINGSYOUSEETHATWEREMANUFACTUREDCHAIRS,NOTEBOOKS,BLUEJEANS,BOOKS,FLOORTILE,CHALKBOARDS,LIGHTBULBS,PENCILS,EYEGLASSESNEARLYEVERYTHINGAROUNDYOUWASMANUFACTUREDTHEMANUFACTURINGINDUSTRYISIMPORTANTTOOURSOCIETYITSESSENTIALTOOURECONOMYANECONOMYISASYSTEMFORPRODUCINGANDDISTRIBUTINGPRODUCTSANDSERVICESMANYPEOPLEWORKINMANUFACTURINGTHEYHELPPRODUCEPRODUCTSANDTHEYBUYPRODUCTSWITHTHEMONEYTHEYEARNTHEMOREPRODUCTSPEOPLEBUY,THEMOREPRODUCTSAREMANUFACTUREDANDTHISALLOWSMOREPEOPLETOWORKMANUFACTURINGISALSOIMPORTANTTOTHEECONOMYINANOTHERWAYAPIECEOFMATERIALISWORTHMOREAFTERITSBEENCHANGEDINTOAUSEFULPRODUCTTHATSADDEDVALUEVALUEISINCREASEDBYTHEMANUFACTURINGPROCESSBMODERNMANUFACTURINGAMANUFACTURINGINDUSTRYNEEDSTHREEBASICTYPESOFRESOURCESMATERIALRESOURCES,HUMANRESOURCES,CAPITALRESOURCESTHEELEMENTSOFINDUSTRYARESEVENKEYSTEPSFORORGANIZINGPRODUCTIONRESEARCHANDDEVELOPMENT,PRODUCTIONTOOLING,PRODUCTIONPLANNINGANDCONTROL,QUALITYCONTROL,PERSONNELMANAGEMENT,MANUFACTURING,MARKETINGRDISTHEPLANNINGOFNEWPRODUCTS,PROCESSES,ORMATERIALSANDTHEIMPROVEMENTOFOLDSKILLRDISSUCHALARGE,IMPORTANTPARTOFTHEINDUSTRIALWORLDANDREQUIRESMANYPEOPLEWITHDIFFERENTTALENTSPRODUCTIONTOOLINGISTHEELEMENTOFINDUSTRYCONCERNEDWITHTHESETOOLSTHEPTOBTAINSTHETOOLS,MACHINES,ANDEQUIPMENTNEEDEDTOMAKEAPRODUCTTHEMOSTIMPORTANTPARTSOFPRODUCTIONPLANNINGANDCONTROLAREROUTING,SCHEDULING,DISPATCHING,ANDPLANLAYOUTTHEMACHINERYANDEQUIPMENTMUSTBEARRANGEDSOTHATPRODUCTIONCANTAKEPLACESMOOTHLY,WITHOUTWASTEDTIMEANDEFFORTQUALITYCONTROLCANBEDEFINEDASTHOSEACTIVITIESWHICHPREVENTDEFECTIVEARTICLESINTHISWAYMANAGEMENTTRIESTOINSURETHATAPRODUCTWILLBEACCEPTABLETOTHEBUYERMARKETINGISTHEPROCESSOFGETTINGPRODUCTSFROMTHOSEWHOMAKETHEMTOTHOSEWHOUSETHEMANDITHELPSTODELIVERTHERIGHTKINDSOFGOODSTOUS,INTHERIGHTFORMANDAMOUNT,ATTHETIMEANDPRICELESSON2MECHANICALENGINEERINGDESIGNMECHANICALENGINEERINGDESIGNISAMAJORSEGMENTOFENGINEERING,ITDEALSWITHTHECONCEPTION,DESIGN,DEVELOPMENT,REFINEMENT,ANDAPPLICATIONOFMACHINESANDMECHANICALAPPARATUSOFALLKINDSFORMANYSTUDENTS,MECHANICALENGINEERINGDESIGNISONEOFTHEIRFIRSTPROFESSIONALENGINEERINGCOURSESPROFESSIONALENGINEERINGISCONCERNEDWITHOBTAININGSOLUTIONSTOPRACTICALPROBLEMS,ANDTHEENGINEERSAREABLETODEVISEBETTERSOLUTIONSTOPRACTICALPROBLEMSTHEMOSTPROBLEMSINMECHANICALENGINEERINGDESIGNDONOTHAVEASINGLERIGHTANSWERHENCE,MODERNMECHANICALENGINEERSAREABLETOPRODUCEDISTINCTLYBETTERSOLUTIONSTOMEETTODAYSNEEDSTHEENGINEERMUSTUSETHEBESTAVAILABLESCIENTIFICUNDERSTANDINGTOGETHERWITHEMPIRICALINFORMATION,GOODJUDGMENTWHENCONSIDERINGACOMPLETEMACHINE,THEENGINEERINVARIABLYFINDSTHATTHEREQUIREMENTSANDCONSTRAINTSOFTHEVARIOUSCOMPONENTSAREINTERRELATEDTHEMODERNENGINEERHASBECOMEINCREASINGLYCONCERNEDWITHTHEBROADERCONSIDERATIONSOFSAFETY,ECOLOGY,ANDOVERALL“QUALITYOFLIFE”GOODDESIGNSREQUIRETRYINGNEWIDEASANDBEINGWILLINGTOTAKEACERTAINAMOUNTOFRISK,KNOWINGTHATIFTHENEWIDEADOESNOTWORKTHEEXISTINGMETHODCANBEREINSTATEDTHUSADESIGNERMUSTHAVEPATIENCE,SINCETHEREISNOASSURANCEOFSUCCESSFORTHETIMEANDEFFORTEXPANDEDCREATINGACOMPLETELYNEWDESIGNGENERALLYREQUIRESTHATMANYOLDANDWELLESTABLISHEDMETHODSBETHRUSTASIDETHISISNOTEASYSINCEMANYPEOPLECLINGTOFAMILIARIDEAS,TECHNIQUESANDATTITUDESADESIGNENGINEERSHOULDCONSTANTLYSEARCHFORWAYSTOIMPROVEANEXISTINGPRODUCTANDMUSTDECIDEWHATOLD,PROVENCONCEPTSSHOULDBEUSEDANDWHATNEW,UNTRIEDIDEASSHOULDBEINCORPORATEDNEWDESIGNSGENERALLYHAVE“BUGS”ORUNFORESEENPROBLEMSWHICHMUSTBEWORKEDOUTBEFORETHESUPERIORCHARACTERISTICSOFTHENEWDESIGNCANBEENJOYEDTHUSTHEREISACHANCEFORASUPERIORPRODUCT,BUTONLYATHIGHERRISKITSHOULDBEEMPHASIZEDTHAT,IFADESIGNDOESNOTWARRANTRADICALNEWMETHODS,SUCHMETHODSSHOULDNOTBEAPPLIEDMERELYFORTHESAKEOFCHANGEDURINGTHEBEGINNINGSTAGESOFDESIGN,CREATIVITYSHOULDBEALLOWEDTOFLOURISHWITHOUTAGREATNUMBEROFCONSTRAINTSEVENTHOUGHMANYIMPRACTICALIDEASMAYARISE,ITISUSUALLYEASYTOELIMINATETHEMINTHEEARLYSTAGESOFDESIGNBEFOREFIRMDETAILSAREREQUIREDBYMANUFACTURINGINTHISWAY,INNOVATIVEIDEASARENOTINHIBITEDQUITEOFTEN,MORETHANONEDESIGNISDEVELOPED,UPTOTHEPOINTWHERETHEYCANBECOMPAREDAGAINSTEACHOTHERITISENTIRELYPOSSIBLETHATTHEDESIGNWHICHISULTIMATELYACCEPTEDWILLUSEIDEASEXISTINGINONEOFTHEREJECTEDDESIGNSTHATDIDNOTSHOWASMUCHOVERALLPROMISEANOTHERIMPORTANTPOINTWHICHSHOULDBERECOGNIZEDISTHATADESIGNENGINEERMUSTBEABLETOCOMMUNICATEIDEASTOOTHERPEOPLEIFTHEYARETOBEINCORPORATEDCOMMUNICATINGTHEDESIGNTOOTHERSISTHEFINAL,VITALSTEPINTHEDESIGNPROCESSUNDOUBTEDLYMANYGREATDESIGNS,INVENTIONS,ANDCREATIVEWORKSHAVEBEENLOSTTOMANKINDSIMPLYBECAUSETHEORIGINATORSWEREUNABLEORUNWILLINGTOEXPLAINTHEIRACCOMPLISHMENTSTOOTHERSPRESENTATIONISASELLINGJOBTHEENGINEER,WHENPRESENTINGANEWSOLUTIONTOADMINISTRATIVE,MANAGEMENT,ORSUPERVISORYPERSONS,ISATTEMPTINGTOSELLORTOPROVETOTHEMTHATTHISSOLUTIONISABETTERONEUNLESSTHISCANBEDONESUCCESSFULLY,THETIMEANDEFFORTSPENTONOBTAININGTHESOLUTIONHAVEBEENLARGELYWASTED目录1 绪论11.1课题背景11.2 国内外研究现状31.3 研究目的及意义31.4 研究内容和设计方法32 转向器的设计42.1 转向系统简介42.2 机械转向系52.2.1 转向操纵机构62.2.2 转向器62.2.3 转向传动机构82.3 转向系主要性能参数82.3.1 转向器的效率82.3.2 传动比的变化特性102.4 主要尺寸参数的选择122.4.1 螺杆、钢球、螺母传动副设计152.4.2 齿条、齿扇传动副设计192.5转向器的计算和校核212.5.1循环球式转向器零件的强度计算212.5.2 转向摇臂轴直径的确定243结论25致谢26摘要汽车是一种性能要求高，负荷变化大的运输工具。转向系统作为汽车的关键部件之一，更需要了解和掌握。转向器作为转向系统中最重要的组成部件，对它进行深入的研究便显得意义重大。循环球式转向器主要由螺杆、螺母、钢球、转向器壳体等组成，具有较高的传动效率，操纵轻便，磨损较小，使用寿命长，近年来得到广泛使用。根据现用的国家标准并依据轻型汽车的循环球转向器数据，按照汽车设计的原则设计一款循环球转向器，完成三维图形和零件平面图的绘制，使其能够满足现代轿车的国家标准要求。关键词: 循环球;转向器;设计;分析 AbstractAutomobile is a transport machine with high-performance and variable loads. Steering system is one of the key components for vehicles and need to be understood and grasped. As the most important part of steering system, steering gear