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外 文 翻 译PROE的机床运动仿真Pro / E, the machine tool motion simulation教 学 院： 系 别：机械设计制造及其自动化学生学号：学生姓名：专业班级：指导教师：起止日期：PROE的机床运动仿真Pro/Engineer操作软件是美国参数技术公司（PTC)旗下的CAD/CAM/CAE一体化的三维软件。Pro/Engineer软件以参数化出名，是参数化技术的最早应用者，在目前的三维造型软件领域中占有着重要地位，Pro/Engineer作为当今CAD/CAE/CAM领域的新标准而得到业界的认可和推广。是现今主流的CAD/CAM/CAE软件之一，特别是在国内产品设计领域占据重要位置。Pro/E第一个提出了参数化设计的概念，并且采用了单一数据库来解决特征的相关性问题。另外，它采用模块化方式，用户可以根据自身的需要进行选择，而不必安装所有模块。Pro/E的基于特征方式，能够将设计至生产全过程集成到一起，实现并行工程设计。它不但可以应用于工作站，而且也可以应用到单机上。 Pro/E采用了模块方式，可以分别进行草图绘制、零件制作、装配设计、钣金设计、加工处理等，保证用户可以按照自己的需要进行选择使用。计算机仿真技术就是应用计算机对系统的数学模型求解，以研究实际系统运行的性能的技术，由于计算机仿真是应用计算机中的数学模型做实验，与用实物做实验比较，具有经济、安全、实验周期短等特点。 机床制造业是其它机械加工行业的基础行业，机床做为其它机械产品制造的基础、其作为母机作用的重要性是鲜而易见的。在机床的设计制造过程中引进仿真技术可以大大缩短机床的研发周期、降低机床的研发成本、提高机床的可靠性。 基于对一简化机床从建立模型、装配、到机床运动仿真、分析的全过程，简述了仿真技术在机床行业机床设计过程中的应用。1.导言技术是计算机仿真系统的数学模型求解，研究了实际应用系统运行的技术性能，计算机模拟同时也是应用程序，因为计算机的实验数学模型，而且经济，安全，测试物理实验周期短等。机床工具作为其他机械制造机床的基础，使得其他加工机床制造业是工业的发展，而且作为“母船”的作用的重要性是显而易见的。在机械设计与运转过程中仿真技术的引入可以大大缩短开发周期机降低机器工具的研究和开发成本，提高整机可靠性。数控机床主轴箱主要包括电动机，传动系统和主轴部件，主要用来实现机床的主运动，它应该具有一定的转速和一定的变速范围，以便采用不同的材料的刀具，加工材料，不同尺寸，不同要求的工作，并能很方便的实现机器的开始和停止，变换速度，改变方向和制动等等。机构运动仿真主要包括机构连接，添加驱动器，运动仿真和结果分析四个过程，要保证组建能够运动，组建装配时不能被锁死，而是要根据各个组件的运动情况及彼此间的相对的运动情况，通过各种连接关系的设定，以限制组件的运动的自由状态。在设定好连接以后就要设定机构运动的运动装置，主要包括设置运动装置的名称和分布图。分布图有位置，速度及加速度等三种规格，每一种规格又可设定八种不同的方程式，并可以现实方程式的图形。2.机器造型，装配，模拟，分析2.1 工具，旨在确定：假设该机器功能，实现螺纹加工2.2 设计目标分析机床要实现螺纹加工，就要求机床的主运动部分和工件进给部分有一个确定的传动关系，1 = S 1（主轴）97U97T1 = S - 从主轴到丝杆的总传动比：T1 机床螺纹的导程（例如：CA6140普通型机床的T1 = 12毫米）;S 被加工螺纹的导程;由上面的方程，改变U就可以获得各种各样的螺纹。最终，机床模型可简化为齿轮，蜗杆传动组，齿轮齿条传动组;通过设置齿轮参数，获得u值;参数T1由蜗杆传动，齿轮条传动组组合在一起来实现的，也可以由螺钉螺母组还实现，本文采用前者。Soft3计算机仿真技术是计算机数学模型的应用，以解决该系统，并研究了实际系统运行的技术性能，计算机仿真应用程序，因为计算机的数学模型实验，实验用的比较类型，与经济，安全的实验周期短等。Pro / ENGINEER的作为一个集成的CAD / CAM / CAE技术/ PDM的工程设计软件，三维造型能力非常强，该机制的模块还具有运动/动力学仿真，动态，静态，力量平衡，仿真，分析能力并且机制提供了一个moreKind各种机构的手段来进行联动，凸轮，齿轮，齿轮，螺旋机制，如复杂的模拟和分析各种机构。2.3 设计2.3.1 建模使用Pro / E “从公式”的方法应用渐开线齿廓方程以获得模型渐开线齿轮的设计是公式为：转换成Pro / E中的关系式为： =DB/ 2 = 吨9745x = r * cos () +sin () * * pi/180x = r * sin ()-cos () * * pi/180z = 0后一个模型的建立可用于Pro / E设计功能参数在不同尺寸的齿轮建立“关系”，这样，同样可以通过一个齿轮类型，不同大小的齿轮建模的实现。相匹配的齿轮，只是改变它“参数”可以在数值模拟完成。蜗杆，蜗轮，建模和建模步骤机架齿轮基本相同，只有蜗轮，蜗杆，齿条齿廓方程的正齿轮使用的是不同的。蜗轮齿廓方程为：r = D5 / 2 = t * 45x = r * cos ()+ sin () * * pi/180x = r * sin（）- cos（）* pi/180z = m * q / 2蜗杆齿廓方程为：1）螺旋式：r = m * q / 2= t * tx * 360z =- t * la2）渐开线方程：r= D4/ 2=t*60 x=r*cos()+sin()* *pi/180 x=r*sin()-cos()* *pi/180 z=0机架连续梯形轮廓，是一个简单的轮廓无需建立方程。在这方面，各种功能组件，实现了机床模型型。2.3.2 装配，模拟，分析首先在Pro / E的模块中进行组装，然后转移到Pro /机制的模拟和分析，随着越来越多的复杂的机构可能会更多的错误，所以使用一些重新装配仿真，分析，仿真，数据分析完成后，对新的部件，再分析，模拟方法逐渐由部分到整体的实现机床模型的正确建立。在Pro /机制分析可衡量的数量：位置，速度，加速度，连接反应，净负荷的势头。在Pro /机制来衡量的模型参数来衡量不同的运动项目，如果不能满足，然后再重新建立新的模型，进行模拟，分析和模型再次达到设计要求。通过这些分析，以提高再仿真，并符合设计要求完善的功能，最终形成原型机的一部分之后，仿真结果。3虚拟数控机床具备的特点：3.1 良好的结构良好的结构性包括三个方面。3.1.1 与真实机床相似的结构。具有与真实机床相似的结构使虚拟机床能模仿真实机床的任何功能而不致因为采用某种近似替代而导致某种结构和信息的失真或丢失。一个与真实机床相似的结构能使其设计者以直观的方式设计和修改系统。3.1.2 虚拟机床各模块的颗粒性。虚拟机床各模块的颗粒性使每个模块能彼此独立地被开发和工作，从而增强了虚拟机床的可操作性和可管理性。3.1.3 各模块合适的颗粒度。虚拟机床各模块颗粒度的合适与否取决于每个模块的抽象度是否定义合适，以便使虚拟机床既是一个能概括各种类型的数控机床的抽象框架，又能方便地挂接具体的模块来仿真某种特定类型的数控机床。3.2 完善的图形接口完善的图形接口使用户既能象在真实环境中那样完全操作虚拟数控机床，又能完全真实地以图像的形式观察机床运行的各种状态和各种机床运行参数，从而最大限度地提高人机融合程度。3.3 完全的符号数据接口完全的符号数据接口能使虚拟机床的各种静止和运行状态以符号数据的形式被外界感知，从而提供了与其他制造软件的无缝连接。外界也能通过输入符号数据对虚拟机床进行控制。3.4 强大的网络支持功能强大的网络支持功能使虚拟机床为各种真正的制造资源服务，从而在连接意义上提高其与外界制造资源的相互操作性。3.5 标准数据格式虚拟机床由于采用标准数据格式存储、传输和处理数据因而能够在语义意义上提高其与外界制造资源的相互操作性。4 结束语随着Pro帮助/ E的实现了从机的简化模型在整个装配过程仿真的建立，并最终样机的设计。随着如Pro / E等三维CAD软件和仿真技术，大大缩短了新产品的设计周期，并通过数字模型分析，我们可以早期发现产品缺陷和修改，以达到优化设计的目的;直接在数字模型，而不必投资于产品生产，有效的成本节约大量的人力和财力资源运动和模拟各种材料性能。仿真技术在机床行业，以及各种机械行业的应用是很有帮助的。PROE machine tool motion simulationThe Pro/Engineer operating software is a Parametric Technology Corporation Ptc ( PTC ) under the CAD/CAM/CAE integration of three-dimensional software. Pro/Engineer software parametric famous parametric technology, is the earliest application, present in the3D modeling software plays an important role in the field of CAD/CAE/CAM, Pro/Engineer as the new standard has been recognized by the industry and the promotion of. Is the current mainstream CAD/CAM/CAE software, especially in the field of product design to occupy an important position.Pro/E first put forward the concept of parametric design, and uses a single database to solve the related problems. In addition, it uses the modular approach, the user can according to their own needs to choose, without having to install all module. Based on the characteristics of Pro/E mode, be able to design and production of the entire process of integrated together, the realization of parallel engineering design. It not only can be applied to the station, but also can be applied to a single.Pro/E adopts module, each sketch, parts production, assembly design, sheet metal design, processing, to ensure that users can choose to use according to their needs.Computer simulation technique is the application of computer on the system s mathematical model, to study the actual system operation performance technology, the computer simulation is the application of computer mathematical models in the experiments, and the experimental comparison with real objects, with the economy, security, and other characteristics of the short experimental period.Machine tool manufacturing industry is the basic industry of other mechanical processing industry, machine tool for other mechanical products manufacturing base, as the master the importance of the role is fresh and easy to see. In the machine tool design and manufacture process of introducing simulation technology can greatly shorten the development cycle, reduce machine tool machine tool research and development costs, improve the reliability of the machine tool.Based on a simplified machine from model, assembly, machine tool motion simulation, analysis of the entire process, the simulation technology in the machine tool industry machine application in design process.1IntroductionTechnology is a computer simulation system mathematical model, study the actual application system running technique, computer simulation and application, because the computer experimental mathematical models, but also economic, safety, testing the physical experimental short cycle.Machine tool as the other machine foundation, makes the other processing machine tool manufacturing industry is the industrys development, but also as a mother ship the importance of the effect is obviously. In mechanical design and operation process simulation technology is introduced into the can greatly shorten the development cycle for the machine tool research and development costs, improve the reliability of the machine.CNC machine tool main axle box mainly comprises a motor, drive system and spindle components, mainly used to achieve the main campaign tool, it should have a certain speed and the speed range, in order to use different material cutting tools, processing materials, different sizes, different requirements, and can conveniently realize the machine start and stop, change speed, direction and brake etc.Mechanism motion simulation mainly comprises a body connected, add drive, motion simulation and analysis of results of four process, to ensure the formation of can exercise, assembly can not be locked, but according to the various components of the motion and the relative motion, through various connection setting, to limit the motion of components free state.On the set after connecting to the setting mechanism motion device, mainly including setting motion device name and distribution map. Distribution map of position, velocity and acceleration of three specifications, specifications of each type can be set up to eight different equation, and can be realistic graph of an equation.2machine molding, assembly, simulation, and analysis2.1 tool, designed to identify:Assuming that the machine function, realization of thread processing2.2 design of target analysisMachine tool to realize thread processing, requires the main campaign tool and workpiece feed portion having a defined transmission relation,1 =1 S = S97U97T1( spindle )- from spindle to screw the total transmission ratio:T1 machine screw thread lead ( for example: CA6140general machine tools T1= 12 mm );S - is the lead of the thread processing;From the above equation, changes to the U can access various thread.Finally, the machine tool model can be simplified toGear, worm gear, rack and pinion drive group; by setting the gear parameters, the U value;The parameter T1by a worm drive, gear drive group together to achieve, can also be by the screw nut group also realized, this paper adopts the former.Soft3computer simulation technology is a computer application of the model, to solve the system, and to study the operation of technical performance, computer simulation applications, because the computer mathematical model experiment, experimental comparison of types, and economic, safe experimental short cycle.Pro / ENGINEER as an integrated CAD / CAM / CAE / PDM engineering software,3D modeling ability is very strong, the mechanism of the module also has a sports / dynamics simulation, dynamic, static, balance of power, simulation, analysis ability and to provide a mechanism for moreKind various body means to carry out linkage, cam, gear, gear, screw mechanism, such as the complexity of the simulation and analysis of various institutions.2.3 design2.3.1 modelingThe use of Pro / E from the formula of tooth profile of involute equation method is applied to obtain the modelInvolute gear design is the formula for:Converted to Pro / E formula:=DB/ 2Theta =9745 tonsX = R * cos () +sin () * - * pi/180X = R * sin () -cos () * - * pi/180Z = 0After a model can be used for Pro / E design function parameters in different size gear to build relationship, so, the same can be achieved through a gear types, depending on the size of the gear modeling. Matching gear, just change it parameters can be completed in numerical simulation.Worm, worm gear, modeling and modeling steps of rack gears are basically the same, only the worm gear, worm, rack tooth profile equation of spur gear used is different.Worm gear tooth profile equation:R = D5/ 2= t * 45X = R * cos () + sin () * - * pi/180X = R * sin () - cos () * - * pi/180Z = m * q / 2Worm tooth profile equation:1) spiral:R = m * q / 2= t * TX *360Z = t * La2) involute equation:R= D4/ 2 =t*60X=r*cos () +sin () * *pi/180X=r*sin () -cos () * *pi/180Z=0Rack continuously trapezoidal profile, is a simple profile without the establishment of equation. In this regard, various functional components, to achieve the machine model.2.3.2 assembly, simulation, and analysisFirst of all in the Pro / E module assembly, and then transferred to Pro / mechanism simulation and analysis, along with the more and more complicated mechanism may be more mistakes, so the use of some new assembly simulation, analysis, simulation, data analysis is complete, the new parts, and then analysis, simulation method gradually by part to the overall implementation of the correct establishment of machine tool model.In Pro / mechanism analysis of measurable quantities : the position, velocity, acceleration, connected to the reactor, the momentum of net load.I n Pro / mechanism to measure the parameters of the model to measure the different sports, if not satisfied, then to build up a new model, simulation, analysis and the model again to meet the design requirements.Through the analysis, in order to improve the further simulation, and comply with the design requirements of perfect function, eventually forming a part of the prototype, the results of simulation.3virtual NC machine tools have the characteristics of:3.1 good structureGood structure includes three aspects.3.1.1 and real machine tool structural similarity. With the true machine structure similar to virtual machine can imitate the true machine of any function and not because of using some approximate substitution results in some structure and information distortion or loss. A true machine is similar in structure to the designer in an intuitive way to design and modify system.3.1.2 virtual machine tool module particle. Virtual machine tool module particles so that each module can be independent from each other are developed and the work, thereby enhancing the virtual machine s operation and management.3.1.3Each module on suitable particle size. Virtual machine tool module particle size appropriate depends on each module of the abstract degree is defined, so that virtual machine is a summary of various types of CNC machine tool abstract frame, but also can be conveniently hung specific module to simulate a particular type of number control machine tool.3.2perfect graphic interfacePerfect graphic interface the user can be in a real environment as complete operation of virtual NC machine tool, and can completely true to form images of the observed machine runs a variety of state and all kinds of machine operating parameters, thereby maximizing the human-computer fusion degree.3.3 complete symbol data interfaceFull symbolic data interface allows a virtual machine running state to vari