中英文翻译--中国铅酸蓄电池技术发展历程.doc

Chinalead-acidbatterytechnologicaldevelopmentcourseOninthecentury50sthelaststagerubberpartitionboardsubstitutionligninpartitionboardcauseslead-acidbatterypartitionboardandcathodechemicaladditivereform；Onthecentury70sinitialperiodplastictrough,inconnectsthelead-acidbatterystructurereformwhichinitiatesOninthecentury80sthelaststage“theprofessionbigintroduction”initiatesthelead-acidbatterymanufactureequipment,thetechniqueofmanufacturereform(caststhetriggerautomatically,automaticandpastemachine,theintelligentsolidificationroom,theautomaticassemblylineandexemptsthemaintenancebatterytechnology,takesinanetthetechnologyandsoon；Onthecentury90sinitialperiodvalvecontrolstheaccumulatorcellstructurereformwhichthesealedtypelead-acidbatterythebirthinitiates(valvetocontrolsealedtype,colloid)；Oncentury90swithoutanyreasonZhejianglongispopularthedeepcirculationpowerlead-acidbatterytechniqueofmanufactureinnovationwhichthelocalelectricallyoperatedbicycleaccumulatorcellinitiatesandsoonfiveimportanttimedevelopment.Chinaslead-acidbatteryindustrythetechnicalintroduction,thedigestion,theabsorptionandEuropeandAmerica,dateHanwhichaswellascontinuesafterthetechnologicaldevelopmentfiveimportantcoursesandsoontheadvancedindustrialnationtheinfluencewhichputsupafactoryinChinasinvestment.AtpresentChinaslead-acidbatteryproducttechnicallevelalreadyuniversalcloseinternationaladvancedindustrialnation:CountrysandsoonUS,Japan,Germany,Italy,England,Australiaproductlevels；Chineseindependentinnovationproduct-electricallyoperatedbicycleaccumulatorcellhadsurmountedEuropeandAmerica,dateHanforrepresentativesdeepcirculationpowerbatterytechniqueofmanufactureincertainaspectsandsoontheadvancedindustrialnationtechnology,isintheinternationalleadinglevel.AtpresentChinahasbecometheworldlead-acidbatterytheproductionbaselead-acidbatteryisakindofsecurityishigh,theelectricityperformanceisstable,theproductioncostislow,theapplicationdomainiswidespread,butlowcostregenerationuse“resourcescirculation”energyproduct.Itsproductionistheintensiveprocessing,thelabor-intensiveformway.Alongwiththehumanitytothesolarenergy,thewindcan,thegeothermalenergy,thetidalenergyandsoonbeablenaturallythedevelopmentuseandtheelectricautomobileindustrydevelopment,thelead-acidbatterytookdoesnotconsumetheearthresource“thegreen”theindustry,willfaceisdevelopingthespacebroadly.Nowtheworld,thehumanityandtheEarthistogetherharmoniously,theproductandtheresourcesrelyononeanothercoexistingalreadyaremutualrecognitionoftheglobal,pursuethehuman.Alongwiththeworldeconomicsantibiosisandthehumanitytothesolarenergy,thewindcan,thegeothermalenergy,themoisteveningbeableandsoontobeablenaturallythedevelopmentuseandtheelectricautomobileindustrydevelopment,thelead-acidbatterytookonekindofsecurityishigh,thevoltagebandwidth,thepriceinexpensiveandthehighresourcesreproducibilitybestenergyproductwillwelcomedevelopsthespacebroadly.Attheappointedtime,allcities,villagesunstreetlight；Thehighwayusesthelamp；Theplace,thefamilyuseelectricitythesystem；Theelectricautomobileandsoonallisgathersthevoltaicpilebytheplumbersacidbatteryunitortheplumbersacidtoprovidetheenergy.Inthe21stcenturyworldeconomicsandinthesocialdevelopmentadvancement,thelead-acidbatterywillbefullmanifeststheformidablevitality.Usesdoesnotchargetheelectricdischargemethodtobepossibleforthefirsttimetoactivatethebatteryearly,enablesitscapacitytodisplayearly；Matchesinfrontofthegroupthebatterychargeapplicationexcessive(tobeoppositeinratedcapacity)thelawcharge,onlythensuchbatterycapacityonlythenmayobtainthepromotionearly.Becausethatthechargebatterypoleplatethefunctionof“continuesturnsinto”atthatmoment.Moreover,usestheconstantflowminutestagechargethemethodtobealsoreasonable,maysuitableestablishseveralstages,reducesthechargingcurrentenableitgraduallytotendtoreasonably.Eachtimesufficientlyenterstheelectricquantityforratedcapacity1.5timesmoreideal.Ifusesthepulsebatterychargercharge,theeffectismoreideal.Thistimeshouldpayattentioncalculatescorrectlyenterstheelectricquantitysufficiently.Thislawmaysavethedurationofchargingoneabovethehalf，itsavestheelectricityandtime.Discussesaboutthepulsechargeseparatearticle.Theauthorviewpoint,onlysuppliesthereference.Inthesetwokindofsituations,theelectronicsolidconductor(onthepositiveelectrodeisthesemiconductorleadperoxide；Negativeplateforbluelead)andsulfuricacidresponseproductionnotelectricconductionleadsulfatesolidstateproduct.Twoen-doelectricalreactionsallarefollowingthesolidphasevolumegain,toPbO2thevolumegainwhichtransformstoPbSO492%,butPbtothePbSO4volumegainis164%.Maximumlimitenhancesthekeytechnologieschallengewhichthebatteryperformancemeets,includingthepromotionreactantsupplies,meetsthecontinuitywhichknowshowtodealwithandaffectsmutually.Inprinciple,thisrequestprovidestheenoughacid,hasbetweenthehighsurfaceareasolidphasereactant,theactivematerialpelletmaintainsthegoodcontact(especiallyincharginganddischargingperiodfavorsoninflationpositiveplate),andreducesthePbSO4insulationtheinfluence.Aftereachelectricdischarge,theaboveaseriesofoptimizedconditionallmustobtaintherestorationthroughthechargeresponse,thechargeresponseistype(1-1)andtype(1-2)responsecounterprocess.Underperfectcondition,inbatterycyclicprocess(orfloatingperiod),thedischargecapacityisconstant.Howevereventothemostadvancedcommercialbatterydesign,theactualactivematerialusefactor,orislowerthan5hwhendischargeratio5h,usuallyobviouslyislowerthan50%.(Orlife)carriesonalongwiththecirculation,someprocessescandegenerate(“defeatmechanism”),thishasfurtherlimitedthebatteryperformance.Thetraditionalbatterylifeusuallyreceivesoneoffollowingreasonsorthemorereasoninfluence.Reasonone:Positiveplateinflation.Thepositiveelectrodeinflationoneisoccursinthepoleplateplane(ifslablatticeisasaresultofcorrosionlevelwhichgrowselongates)；Anotherkindisoccursinthepoleplateverticaldirectioninflates(throughactivematerialowninflation).Therepetitioncharginganddischargingcancausethepositiveelectrodeactivematerialinflation.Thisisbecauseoftheen-doelectricalreactionsolidphaseproduct(PbSO4）。Intheaccumulatorcelloccurstheunitprocessandtheactivematerialchangeandthematerialtransmissionconcerns.Itsresultis,theagingistheaccumulatorcellinherentnature,thisiswiththeelectronicmodulebasicdifference,theelectronicmoduleonlycanreplacetheelectriccharge,butthephysicalstructuremaintenanceisinvariable.Therefore,theaccumulatorcellservicelifeissurelylimited,buttheaccumulatorcelllifeexpectancybecomestheimportantquestion.Notonlybutthelifeexpectancyisdecidedbytheaccumulatorcelldesign,moreovermainlyisdecidedby“theactivematerialdegreeofutilization”；Orinotherwords,thelifeexpectancymainlyisdecidedbytheexploitationconditions。Thechartisanexample,explainedtheaccumulatorcellexploitationconditionstotheservicelifehugeinfluence。Thechartisgroupofsmallaccumulatorcells；thedesignhas5yearstimetofloatthechargelife.Thecurvehadindicatedwhentheaccumulatorcellcarriesontheelectricdischarge,whenspeciallycarriesonthedeepelectricdischarge,itsservicelifereducedhowmany。Theaccumulatorcellusescopeisdifferent,itsservicelifejudgmentparameterisalsodifferent。Theaccumulatorcelluseusuallyisthelongtimechargeandthevaryingdegreedeepelectricdischargecombination.Regardingmajoritystationaryandthepowersource,thedefinitionwhichmayacceptis:Theservicelifete