外文翻译--数据结构.doc

附录附录A外文翻译原文部分Computerprogrammingdatastructureisanimportanttheoreticalbasisforthedesign,itisnotonlythecorecurriculumofcomputerdisciplines,andhasbecomeapopularelectivecourseotherPolytechnicprofessional,sostudiedthiscoursewellandstudiedcomputerarecloselyrelated.一、theconceptofdatastructureComputerdatastructureisthefoundationofscienceandtechnologyprofessionalclasses,istheessentialcorecurriculum.Allcomputersystemsoftwareandapplicationsoftwaretousevarioustypesofdatastructures.Therefore,ifwewanttomakebetteruseofcomputerstosolvepracticalproblems,onlytoseveralcomputerprogramminglanguagesaredifficulttocopewiththemanycomplexissues.Totheeffectiveuseofcomputers,givefullplaytocomputerperformance,butalsomustlearnandmasterrelevantknowledgeofdatastructure.Asolidfoundationofdatastructureforlearningothercomputerprofessionalcourses,suchasoperatingsystems,translationtheory,databasemanagementsystems,softwareengineering,artificialintelligence,etc.areveryuseful.二、whyshouldlearnfromdatastructure？Intheearlydevelopmentofcomputers,theuseofcomputerdesignedprimarilytodealwithterms.Whenweusethecomputertosolveaspecificproblem,thefollowinggeneralneedsthroughseveralsteps:thefirstisaspecificproblemofappropriateabstractmathematicalmodels,andthendesignorchooseamathematicalmodelofthealgorithm,thefinalproceduresfordebugging,testing,untiltheyhavetheultimateanswer.SincethentheobjectisINTEGER,REAL,BOOLEAN,theproceduresofthemaindesignersofenergyisfocusedonprogrammingskills,withoutattentiontothedatastructure.Withtheexpansionofcomputerapplicationsanddevelopmentofsoftwareandhardware,theissueofnon-termsincreasingimportance.Accordingtostatistics,Nowdealingwiththeissueofnon-occupancyofmorethan90%ofthemachinetime.Suchissuesinvolvemorecomplexdatastructure,therelationshipsbetweendataelementsgenerallycannotbedescribedbymathematicalformula.Therefore,thekeytosolvingsuchproblemsisnolongermathematicalanalysisandcalculations,buttodeviseappropriatedatastructure,caneffectivelyaddresstheproblem.Descriptionofthetermsofsuchnon-mathematicalmodelisnotamathematicalequation,butsuchastables,trees,suchasmapdatastructure.Therefore,itcanbesaidthatdatastructurecoursesprimarilydesignedtostudytheissueofnon-valuecalculationproceduresasacomputeroperationsandtherelationshipbetweenobjectsandtheiroperatingdisciplines.Thepurposeofthestudyistounderstandthestructureofdataforcomputerprocessingoftheidentityobjecttothepracticalproblemsinvolvedindealingwiththatsubjectatthecomputeroutanddealwiththem.Atthesametime,throughtrainingalgorithmstoimprovethethinkingabilityofstudentsthroughproceduresdesignedtopromotestudentskillsintegratedapplicationsandprofessionalqualities.三、theconceptsandterminologySystematicstudyofknowledgeinthedatastructurebeforesomeofthebasicconceptsandterminologytogiveaprecisemeaning.Data(Data)istheinformationcarrier,itcouldbecomputeridentification,storageandprocessing.Itisthecomputerprocessingofrawmaterials,avarietyofdataprocessingapplications.Computerscience,computerprocessingistheso-calleddataobjects,whichcanbenumericaldatacanbenon-numericaldata.Numericaldataareinteger,theactualnumberorplural,mainlyforengineeringcomputing,scientificcomputingandcommercialprocessing；Non-numericaldata,includingcharacters,text,graphics,images,voiceandsoon.Dataelements(DataElement)isthebasicunitofdata.Indifferentconditions,dataelementscanbecalledelements,nodes,thepeak,recording.Forexample,studentsinformationretrievalsystemtableinformation,arecordhigh,8Queensissueofastatetree,teachingprogrammingissuessuchasapeak,knownasadataelement.Sometimes,adatafromanumberofdataelements(DataItem),forexample,thestudentinformationmanagementsystemstudentseachdataelementtableisastudentrecord.Itincludesstudentsoftheschool,name,sex,nationality,dateofbirth,performancedataitems.Thesedataitemscanbedividedintotwotypes:onecalledearlysuchasstudentgender,origin,etc.,thesedatawerenolongerdividedindataprocessing,thesmallestunits；Anothercalledportfolio,theperformanceofstudentswho,itcanbedividedintomathematics,physics,chemistryandothersmalleritems.Normally,inaddressingthequestionofthepracticalapplicationofeachstudentisrecordedasabasicunitforavisitandtreatment.Dataobjects(DataObject)ordataelementtype(DataElementClass)isthenatureofthedataelementswiththesamepool.Inaspecificissue,thedataelementshavethesamenature(notnecessarilyequalvalueelements),belongingtothesamedataobjects(dataelementtype),thedataelementisanexampleofsuchdataelements.Forexample,trafficinformationsystemsinthetransportationnetwork,isaculminationofallthedataelementscategory,peakaandBeachrepresentanurbanmiddleisthedataelementsofthetwotypesofexamplesofthevalueoftheirdataelementsaandBrespectively.Datastructure(DataStructure)referstothemutualrelationshipthatexistsbetweenoneormoredataelementstogether.Inanycase,betweendataelementswillnotbeisolatedinbetweenthemexistinonewayoranother,suchastherelationshipbetweenthedataelementstructure.Accordingtothedataelementsoftherelationshipbetweendifferentcharacteristics,usuallyhavethefollowingfourbasiccategoriesofthestructure:1assemblystructures.Intheassemblystructure,therelationshipbetweendataelementsisbelongingtothesamepool.Assemblyelementsrelationsisaveryloosestructure.2linearstructures.Thestructureofthedataelementsexistbetweenone-to-onerelationship.3treestructure.Thestructureofthedataelementsexistbetweenhierarchicalrelationship.4graphicsstructure.ThestructureofthedataelementsoftherelationshipthatexistedbetweenDuoduiduo,graphicsstructurealsoknownasnetworkstructure.C+Builderprogrammingexperience一、DatabaseprogrammingAndtheuseofDelphi,BorlandC+BuilderBDE(BorlandDatabaseEngine)databaseinterface,inparticularitsuseBDEAdministratorunifiedmanagementdatabasealias,thedatabaseoperationhasnothingtodowiththelocationofthedatabasedocuments,thusenablingdatabasedevelopmenteasieroperation.ButinadatabaseapplicationproceduresatthesametimewehavetoreleaseBDE,thedatabaseforsomesimpleproceduresmayBDEthanourowndesignproceduresbig,butastheuseofBDEInstallShield,adddatabasealiasislikelyallocationfailure.Therefore,wecanusethefollowingmethods:stillinthedesignstageprocedureusingBDEaliasmanagementdatabasefordebugging,butinproceduressubstantially(asinthemainChuangtiOnCreateeventprocessingfunction)toTablecomponentsDatabaseNameattributes,suchastheuseofsimilarphrasesasfollows:Table1-DatabaseName=ExtractFilePath(Application-ExeName)；OrTable1-DatabaseName=ExtractFilePath(Application-ExeName+DB)；Thus,noimpactonthedebuggingphase,willbeissuediftheapplicationproceduresTable1documentontheuseofdatabasesortheircurrentcatalogueDBvirus,databaseprocedurescanbenormaloperation.YoucanevenbeadatabasetocataloguethedocumentsintheformofcharacterstringRegister(installedintheinstallationprocess),thentheprocedureintheacquisitionofsubstantiallyfromthecatalogueofpayrolls,FuzhiDatabaseNameattributetobe.Anyway,youdonotneedtoinstallrelativelylargeBDEforcedusers.二、theRegistryvisitAsinthedesignprocessweoftenrequired9x/NTWindowsRegistryinformationvisit,suchasretrievalofinformationprocedures,preservationofinformation.Registerwriteasubroutinetovisitnecessary.WhentheRegistertovisit,thelibrarywillbedirectlyavailablewithoutalwayssomeduplicationoperation.ThefollowingcanbeusedtoaccesscosmeticLicheng,thecharacterstringtypeJianzhi,andthere