人教版英语八年级下册第四单元导学案

UNIT4SECTIONA一、学习目标1IMPORTANTWORDSMAD,ANYMORE,MESSAGE,SUPPOSE,HARDWORKING2IMPORTANTPHRASESWATCHSOAPOPERAS,BESUPPOSEDTODO,FIRSTOFALL,PASSON,STHHAPPENON3IMPORTANTSENTENCESSHESAIDSHEWASMADATMARCIASHESAIDSHEWASHAVINGAPARTYFORLANAWHATHAPPENEDON“YOUNGLIVES”LASTNIGHTYOUARESUPPOSEDTOMEETATTHEBUSSTOPTORETURNIT4GRAMMAR直接引语和间接引语二、学法指导运用任务型学习，驱动学生掌握直接引语与间接引语之间的转化三、学习过程STEP1自学单元语法（直接引语和间接引语）一直接引语和间接引语的含义引述别人的话时，一般采用两种形式一是引用别人的原话，两边用引号标出，称为直接引语；二是用自己的语言转述别人的话，称为间接引语。间接引语在句中实际上就是宾语从句。二直接引语变间接引语的方法1从句人称的变化由直接引语变间接引语时，从句的主语人称要遵循一主、二宾、三不变的原则。1）直接引语的主语是第一人称时，变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致。2）EGTHEYSAID,“WEWILLGOTHEREBYBUS”。THEYSAIDTHEYWOULDGOTHEREBYBUS3）HESAID,“IAMVISITINGMYAUNTNEXTWEEK”HESAIDTHATHEWASVISITINGHISAUNTNEXTWEEK2）如果直接引语的主语是第二人称，变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致。EGSHESAIDTOME,“AREYOUINTERESTEDINSCIENCE”她对我说“你对自然科学感兴趣吗”SHEASKEDMEIF/WHETHERIWASINTERESTEDINSCIENCE她问我是否对自然科学感兴趣。HESAIDTOME,“YOUAREHARDWORKING”HETOLDMETHATIWASHARDWORKING3）如果直接引语的主语是第三人称时，变为间接引语时人称保持不变。EGHISMOTHERSAIDTOME,“HECANTGOTOSCHOOLHISMOTHERTOLDMETHATHECOULDNTGOTOSCHOOL从句时态的变化1）如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，直接引语变间接引语时，从局的时态保持不变。EGHESAYS,“IAMVISITINGMYAUNTNEXTWEEK”HESAYSTHATHEISVISITINGHISAUNTNEXTWEEK2）如果主句的时态为一般过去时，从句的时态要做相应的变化。一般现在时改为一般过去时；现在进行时改为过去进行时；一般将来时改为过去将来时。注意如果直接引语为客观真理、客观事实、自然现象时，变为间接引语时，时态不做变化。EGTHETEACHERSAIDTOUS,“LIGHTTRAVELSFASTERTHANSOUND”THETEACHERTOLDUSTHATLIGHTTRAVELSFASTERTHANSOUND2句型的变化1）如果直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时要用THAT来引导，THAT可省略。EGHESAID,“ILIKEWATCHINGTV”他说“我喜欢看电视”。HESAIDTHATHELIKEDWATCHINGTV2）如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，需用IF或WHETHER来引导，且用陈述句语序。EGHEASKEDME,“WILLYOUBUYTHEREDCOAT”HEASKEDMEIF/WHETHERIWOULDBUYTHEREDCOAT3）如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，引导词就是特殊疑问词，且用陈述句语序。EGSHEASKEDME,“WHEREAREYOUFROM”SHEASKEDMEWHEREIWASFROM4）如果直接引语是祈使句，变间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词变为不定如TELLASK,ORDER,SBNOTTODOSTHEG“OPENTHEDOOR”THETEACHERSAIDTOMETHETEACHERTOLDMETOOPENTHEDOOR“DONTOPENTHEDOOR”THETEACHERSAIDTOMETHETEACHERTOLDMENOTTOOPENTHEDOOR展示语法针对性练习（）1SHESAIDSHE_SORRYFORBEINGLATEAISBWASCWEREDARE（）2IASKEDHER_AWHYDOESSHEWANTTOCOPYMYHOMEWORKBWHYDIDSHEWANTTOCOPYMYHOMEWORKCWHYSHEWANTSTOCOPYMYHOMEWORKDWHYSHEWANTEDTOCOPYMYHOMEWORK（）3MYFATHERTOLDMETHEEARTH_ROUNDAISBWASCWILLBEDWOULDBE（）4SHEASKEDME_SHECOULDUSEMYMOBILEPHONEATHATBFORCWEATHERDIF（）5HETOLDUS_HEWOULDBUYANEWCARAWHICHBTHATCWHATDIFSTEP2预习新单词，展示1MADADJ生气的；气愤的构成结构BEMADATSB_意为“生某人的气”疯狂的；着迷的相当于CRAZY,构成短语BEMADTODOSTH2NOTANYMORE不再；再也不3FIRSTOFALL首先4MESSAGECN消息；信息；口信拓展给某人捎口信_给某人留口信_发短信_5PASSON传递试译传递给某人某物PASSONSTHTOSB6SUPPOSEV假定；认为；期望短语BESUPPOSEDTODOSTHSHOULDDOSTHBENOTSUPPOSEDTODOSTHSHOULDNTDOSTH7HARDWORKINGADJ勤勉的；努力工作的EG他是一个努力工作的人。HEISA_PERSONSTEP3预习课文，展示课文重点1YOUARESUPPOSEDTOMEETATTHEBUSSTOPTHISMORNINGTORETURNIT精讲RETURNV“归还”相当于GIVEBACK短语RETURNSBSTHGIVESTHBACKTOSBRETURNTOSOMEPLACE“返回某地”相当COME/GOBACKTOSOMEPLACE2LANATOLDMARCIASHEWOULDBRINGSOMEBOOKSTOHERHOUSE区别BRING/TAKEBRING“拿来，带来”指从别处把物或人带到或拿到说话者所在的位置。TAKE“拿走，带走”表示把人或物拿开或带离说话者所在的位置。TAKEWITH“随身携带”DONTFORGET_YOURHOMEWORKTOSCHOOLTOMORROW请把这些书带给TOM。PLEASE_THESEBOOKSTOTOMDONTFORGET_ANUMBRELLA,WHENYOUGOOUT四、当堂达标一单项选择（）1CANYOU_SOMEMUSICCDSTOTHEPARTYATAKEBBRINGCCARRYDBORROW（）2SHE_SHE_APARTYFORHERSISTERTHENEXTDAYASAYSWEREHAVINGBSAIDHADCSAYSHADDSAIDWASHAVING（）3THEACCIDENTSHAPPENED_ACOLDWINTERMORNINGAINBONCATDOF（）4WEARESUPPOSED_THEREBEFORESEVENSOWEMUSTHURRYUPAGETBTOGETCGETTINGDNOTTOGET五、课后反思SECTIONB一、学习目标1VOCABULARYDOWELLIN,INGOODHEALTH,NERVOUS,ENVELOP,TRUE,DISAPPOINTING,LUCKY2IMPORTANTSENTENCES1IHOPETHATGRANDMAISWELLNOW2IHADAREALLYHARDTIMEWITHSCIENCETHISSEMESTERANDIWASNTSURPRISEDTOFINDTHATMYWORSTREPORTWASFROMMYSCIENCETEACHER3THATSALLTHENEWSIHAVEFORNOW4ITSJUSTTHATIFINDSCIENCEREALLYDIFFICULT3GRAMMAR直接引语和间接引语二、学法指导利用情景对话，在小组内交流熟练掌握直接引语和间接引语，进一步巩固重点句型三、学习过程预习导学1DOWELLIN在方面做得好；擅长相当于_2BEINGOODHEALTH身体健康相当于_拓展BEINDANGER_BEINTROUBLE_BEINSAFETY_3NERVOUSADJ神经紧张的；不安的试译变得紧张_不要紧张_4ENVELOPEN信封试译一张信封_5SEMESTERN学期相当于_6TRUEADJ真实的；正确的；忠诚的其副词形式为_其名词形式为_TELLTHETRUTH_7区别DISAPPOINTING/DISAPPOINTEDDISAPPOINTING“令人扫兴的；使人失望的”常用来修饰物；DISAPPOINTED指人“感到失望的”常用来修饰人；8LUCKYADJ幸运的其反义词为_其副词形式为_其名词形式为_GOODLUCK_BADLUCK_9OWN代词通常位于形容词性物主代词之后，构成ONESOWN表示“某人自己的”EG这是他自己的车。THISIS_CARV拥有相当于HAVEEG他拥有一所大房子。HE_ABIGHOUSEOWNERN主人EG他是这个小屋的主人。HEISTHE_OFTHESMALLHOUSE10GETOVER克服恢复11POORADJ贫穷的；其反义词为_12GRADUATEN（大学）毕业生V毕业构成短语GRADUATEFROM意为“从毕业”13VOLUNTEERN志愿者译作为一名志愿者_V志愿自愿构成短语VOLUNTEERTODOSTHEG他自愿帮我。HEVOLUNTEERED_ME14海拔200米_稀薄的空气_EAT的过去式形式为_15DECISIONN决定；决心其动词形式为_决定做某事_/_16开拓学生们对外部世界的视野_17DANGERN危险其形容词形式为_译出于危险中_脱离险境_展示（用所给词的适当形式填空）1_LUCK,SHECAUGHTTHELASTBUS2DONTWORRYABOUTMEPLEASETELLMETHE_TRUE3ITIS_REPORTTHATTHENEWSUPERMARKETWILLBEOPENNEXTWEEK4THISISTHE_BADDAYIHAVEEVERHAD5HEDIDNTANSWERTHEQUESTIONSOITMADEHIM_DISAPPOINT课文重点知识讲解1IHOPETHATGRANDMAISWELLNOW区别HOPE/WISHHOPE表示有可能实现的愿望，其后常跟动词不定时及THAT从句。注不存在HOPESBTODOSTH形式。EG我希望下周见到你。I_YOUNEXTWEEK我希望你明天来。_我希望如此_我不希望如此_WISH表示愿望实现的可能性不大。常用句型WISHTODO_WISHSBTODO_以及WISH后跟THAT从句（从句多用虚拟语气）。EG我希望有一天我能飞。IWISHTHATI_ONEDAY2IHADAREALLYHARDTIMEWITHSCIENCETHISSEMESTER,ANDIWASNTSURPRISEDTOFINDTHATMYWORSTREPORTWASFROMMYSCIENCETEACHERHAVEAHARDTIMEWITHSTHHAVEAHARDTIMEINDOINGSTH做某事费劲；有困难EG我费了好大的劲才通过这次考试。IHADAHARDTIME_THISEXAMBESURPRISEDTODOSTH“对做感到惊讶”EG听到那条令人惊讶的消息，我们都感到很惊讶。WEARE_TOHEARTHE_NEWS3THATSALLTHENEWSIHAVEFORNOWFORNOW为固定短语，译作_4ITSJUSTTHATIFINDSCIENCEREALLYDIFFICULTFIND用法小结FINDSTHADJ/DOING表示发现某物怎么样。EG我发现地上躺着一只狗。IFINDADOG_LIEONTHEGROUNDFINDITADJTODOSTH表示发现做某事怎么样。我发现学英语很难。IFINDITDIFFICULT_ENGLISH四、【当堂达标】（单项选择）（）1INENGLISH,SHEIS_WRITINGINHERCLASSABETTERATBGOODATCTHEBESTATDTHEBESTIN（）2I_HIMTOSTAYHEREFORONEMOREWEEKATHINKBMAKECWANTDHOPE（）3ITIS_NICEOFYOUTOSAYSOATRULYBTRUECREALLYDREAL（）4IFOUND_TOMAKEEVERYONEPLEASEWITHMEATHATDIFFICULTBITDIFFICULTCTHATBEDIFFICULTDITBEDIFFICULT五、课后反思UINT5SECTIONA一、学习目标FLOWER,ORGANIZE,HAVEAGREATTIME,TAKEAWAY,CLEANUP,GOTOTHEPARTY,TAKETHEBUS,LETIN,MAKESOMEFOOD,ENDOFYEARPARTY,STAYATHOME,STUDYFORTHETEST二、学法指导小组结对，创设情境，练习所学句型三、学习过程（一）、预习导学1词组PLAYPARTYGAMES_HELPMEORGANIZEIT_STUDYFORTHETEST_MAKESOMEFOOD_星期六下午太早2自由谈论TASK如果你朋友病了，你会做些什么EGMYFRIENDISILL,IWILLMAKESOMEDELICIOUSFOODFORHER3MATCHTHESTATEMENTS1IAMGOINGTOTHEPARTYWITHANN_2IAMGOINGTOWEARJEANSTOTHEPARTY_3IAMGOINGTOTAKETHEBUSTOTHEPARTY_4ITHINKIAMGOINGTOSTAYATHOME_AIFYOUDO,THETEACHERWILLNOTLETYOUINBIFYOUDO,YOUWILLBESORRYCIFYOUDO,YOUWILLBELATEDIFYOUDO,YOUWILLHAVEAGREATTIME4PAIRWORK（对话）AIAMGOINGTOTHESCHOOLPARTYBMETOOLETUSBRINGSOMESNACKSAOH,WECANNOTDOTHATBREALLYWHYNOTAIFWEBRINGSNACKS,THETEACHERWILL5听力2BWRITEDOWNTHEANSWERS1WHATWILLHAPPENIFTHEYHAVETHEPARTYTODAY2WHATWILLHAPPENIFTHEYHAVETHEPARTYTOMORROW_3WHATWILLHAPPENIFTHEYWATCHAVIDEOATTHEPARTY4WHATISMARKGOINGTOORGANIZE_5WHATISANDREAGOINGTODO（二）、展示探究FASTREADING3A1READTHENOTICEANDFILLINTHEBLANKSKARENAREYOUGOINGTOTHESCHOOLPARTYMIKEYES,IAM_TOWEARMYNEWJEANSKARENYOUCANNOTDOTHATMIKEWHATWILLHAPPENIFIDOKAREN_YOUSHOULDWEARYOURCOOLPANTSMIKETHATISAGOODIDEA2QUIZ1THESTUDENTSGIVESOMEF_TOTHETEACHERSONTEACHERSDAY2WHATWILLH_IFIBRINGFOODTOTHEPARTY3IFYOUGETUPLATE,YOUWILLBELATE_SCHOOLATOBFORCATDIN4WHATISWRONGTHESECHAIRSAREBROKENPLEASE_ATAKEITAWAYBTAKEAWAYTHEMCTAKETHEMAWAYDTAKEAWAYIT5如果今晚她去看电影了，就不能完成作业了6你穿牛仔裤去参加晚会将会怎样3典型例题解析1PLEASEWHENYOULEAVEYES,IWILLATAKETHEMAWAYBTAKEAWAYTHEMCHAVETAKENTHEMAWAYDTAKESTHEMAWAY解析选A。本题考查两方面的知识，PLEASE后用动词原形，由动词和副词构成的词组，若后面的宾语是代词，代词必须放在两者之间。2WHYDOYOUWANTTOBEALAWYERIFIBECOMEALAWYER,IHELPPEOPLEAWILLCANBAMABLETOCWASABLETODWILLBEABLETO解析选D。IF引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时态，主句应用一般将来时态，另外，CAN多用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态，而BEABLETO可以用于各种时态。3THEREISNOISYHERELETSGOSOMEWHEREQUIETTOHAVEATALKATOOMUCHBTOOMANYCMUCHTOODTOO。四、当堂达标用所给词的正确形式填空。1THESTUDENTSWILLGOTOTHESUMMERPALACEIFITNOTRAINTOMORROW2IFHEWALKTOSCHOOL,HELLBELATE3IFSHELIKESIT,SHEREADITSOON4IFYOUPLAYCOMPUTERGAMESONWEEKDAYS,YOUBETIRED5IFYOUWORKHARD,YOURDREAMWILLCOMETRUE6IFSHESTUDYHARD,SHEWILLGOTOBEIJINGUNIVERSITY7IFITRAINYTOMORROW,IWILLPLAYTHEPIANO8IFIHAVESECTIONB一、学习目标AGAINST,CHANCE,TONIGHT,CHARITY,INJURED,SINCERELY,LAWYER,TONIGHT,MOBILE,GOTOCOLLEGE,TRAVELAROUNDTHEWORLD,MAKEALOTOFMONEY,GETANEDUCATION,APROFESSIONALALTHLETE,SEEMLIKE,MAKEALIVING,ALLOVERTHEWORLD,ALLTHETIME,PLAYSPORTS,GETINJURED,INFACT,TONIGHTIMPORTANTPOINTSIFYOUBECOMEAPROFESSIONALATHLETE,YOUWILLBEABLETOMAKEALIVINGDOINGSOMETHINGYOULOVE二、学法指导利用所学句型，模仿写句子，然后编写小短文三、学习过程（一）预习导学1词组BEHAPPY_BEFAMOUS_GETANEDUCATION_周游全世界赚很多钱去上大学2自由谈论I“怎样活得更幸福”（TALKINENGLISHUSINGIF）_3听力LISTENING2BCOMPLETETHESENTENCES1IFYOUJOINTHELION,_2IFYOUBECOMEALION,_3IFYOUWORKREALLYHARD,4IFYOUBECOMEAPROFESSIONALSOCCERPLAYER,5BUTIFIDONOTDOTHISNOW,_AYOUWILLBEFAMOUSBIWILLNEVERDOITCYOUWILLBECOMEAGREATSOCCERPLAYERDYOUWILLNEVERGOTOCOLLEGEEYOUWILLTRAVELAROUNDTHEWORLD4阅读READTHEARTICLEABOUT3A1TORF1ITISEASYFORMANYYOUNGPEOPLETOBECOMEAPROFESSIONALATHLETE2FEWATHLETESGIVEMONEYTOSCHOOLSANDCHARITIES3SOMETIMES,BEINGAPROFESSIONALATHLETEISVERYDANGEROUS2ANSWE