外文翻译-天达汽车公司办公楼结构、施工设计

CHANGCHUNINSTITUTEOFTECHNOLOGYDESIGNANDEXECUTIONOFGROUNDINVESTIGATIONFOREARTHWORKS土方工程的地基勘察与施工资料来源IRISHGEOTECHNICALSERVICESLTD设计题目天达汽车公司办公楼结构、施工设计学生姓名学院名称土木工程学院专业名称土木工程班级名称土木1042学号指导教师教师职称教授完成时间201432014年3月28日DESIGNANDEXECUTIONOFGROUNDINVESTIGATIONFOREARTHWORKSPAULQUIGLEY,FGSABSTRACTTHEDESIGNANDEXECUTIONOFGROUNDINVESTIGATIONWORKSFOREARTHWORKPROJECTSHASBECOMEINCREASINGLYIMPORTANTASTHEAVAILABILITYOFSUITABLEDISPOSALAREASBECOMESLIMITEDANDCOSTSOFIMPORTINGENGINEERINGFILLINCREASEANOUTLINEOFGROUNDINVESTIGATIONMETHODSWHICHCANAUGMENTTRADITIONALINVESTIGATIONMETHODSPARTICULARLYFORGLACIALTILL/BOULDERCLAYSOILSISPRESENTEDTHEISSUEOFGEOTECHNICALCERTIFICATIONISRAISEDANDRECOMMENDATIONSOUTLINEDONITSMERITSFORINCORPORATIONWITHGROUNDINVESTIGATIONSANDEARTHWORKS1INTRODUCTIONTHEINVESTIGATIONANDREUSEEVALUATIONOFMANYIRISHBOULDERCLAYSOILSPRESENTSDIFFICULTIESFORBOTHTHEGEOTECHNICALENGINEERANDTHEROADDESIGNENGINEERTHESEGLACIALTILLORBOULDERCLAYSOILSAREMAINLYOFLOWPLASTICITYANDHAVEPARTICLESIZESRANGINGFROMCLAYTOBOULDERSMOSTOFOURBOULDERCLAYSOILSCONTAINVARYINGPROPORTIONSOFSAND,GRAVEL,COBBLESANDBOULDERSINACLAYORSILTMATRIXTHEAMOUNTOFFINESGOVERNSTHEIRBEHAVIOURANDTHESILTCONTENTMAKESITVERYWEATHERSUSCEPTIBLEMOISTURECONTENTSCANBEHIGHLYVARIABLERANGINGFROMASLOWAS7FORTHEHARDGREYBLACKDUBLINBOULDERCLAYUPTO2025FORMIDLAND,SOUTHWESTANDNORTHWESTLIGHTGREYBOULDERCLAYDEPOSITSTHEABILITYOFBOULDERCLAYSOILSTOTAKEINFREEWATERISWELLESTABLISHEDANDPOORPLANNINGOFEARTHWORKSOFTENAMPLIFIESTHISTHEFINESOILCONSTITUENTSAREGENERALLYSENSITIVETOSMALLINCREASESINMOISTURECONTENTWHICHOFTENLEADTOLOSSINSTRENGTHANDRENDERTHESOILSUNSUITABLEFORREUSEASENGINEERINGFILLMANYOFOURBOULDERCLAYSOILSESPECIALLYTHOSEWITHINTERMEDIATETYPESILTSANDFINESANDMATRIXHAVEBEENREJECTEDATTHESELECTIONSTAGE,BUTGOODPLANNINGSHOWSTHATTHEYCANINFACTFULFILSPECIFICATIONREQUIREMENTSINTERMSOFCOMPACTIONANDSTRENGTHTHESELECTIONPROCESSSHOULDAIMTOMAXIMISETHEUSEOFLOCALLYAVAILABLESOILSANDWITHCAREFULEVALUATIONITISPOSSIBLETOUSEORINCORPORATEPOORORMARGINALSOILSWITHINFILLAREASANDEMBANKMENTSFILLMATERIALNEEDSTOBEPLACEDATAMOISTURECONTENTSUCHTHATITISNEITHERTOOWETTOBESTABLEANDTRAFFICABLEORTOODRYTOBEPROPERLYCOMPACTEDHIGHMOISTURECONTENT/LOWSTRENGTHBOULDERCLAYSOILSCANBESUITABLEFORUSEASFILLINLOWHEIGHTEMBANKMENTSIE2TO25MBUTNOTSUITABLEFORTRAFFICKINGBYEARTHWORKPLANTWITHOUTUSINGAGEOTEXTILESEPARATORANDGRANULARFILLCAPPINGLAYERHENCE,ITISVITALTHATTHEEARTHWORKSCONTRACTORFULLYUNDERSTANDSTHEHANDLINGPROPERTIESOFTHESOILS,ASFORMANYPROJECTSTHISISEFFECTIVELYGOVERNEDBYTHETRAFFICABILITYOFEARTHMOVINGEQUIPMENT2TRADITIONALGROUNDINVESTIGATIONMETHODSFORROADPROJECTS,APRINCIPALAIMOFTHEGROUNDINVESTIGATIONISTOCLASSIFYTHESUITABILITYOFTHESOILSINACCORDANCEWITHTABLE61FROMSERIES600OFTHENRASPECIFICATIONFORROADWORKSSRW,MARCH2000THEMAJORITYOFCURRENTGROUNDINVESTIGATIONSFORROADWORKSINCLUDESACOMBINATIONOFTHEFOLLOWINGTOGIVETHEREQUIREDGEOTECHNICALDATATRIALPITSCABLEPERCUSSIONBOREHOLESDYNAMICPROBINGROTARYCOREDRILLINGINSITUTESTINGSPT,VARIABLEHEADPERMEABILITYTESTS,GEOPHYSICALETCLABORATORYTESTINGTHEIMPORTANCEOFPHASINGTHEFIELDWORKOPERATIONSCANNOTBEOVERSTRESSED,PARTICULARLYWHENASSESSINGSOILSUITABILITYFROMDEEPCUTAREASCABLEPERCUSSIONBOREHOLESARENORMALLYSUNKTOADESIREDDEPTHORREFUSALWITHDISTURBEDANDUNDISTURBEDSAMPLESRECOVEREDAT100MINTERVALSORCHANGEOFSTRATAINMANYINSTANCES,CABLEPERCUSSIONBORINGISUNABLETOPENETRATETHROUGHVERYSTIFF,HARDBOULDERCLAYSOILSDUETOCOBBLE,BOULDEROBSTRUCTIONSSAMPLEDISTURBANCEINBOREHOLESSHOULDBEPREVENTEDANDLOSSOFFINESISCOMMON,INVARIABLYTHISLEADSTOINACCURATECLASSIFICATIONTRIALPITSARECONSIDEREDMOREAPPROPRIATEFORRECOVERINGAPPROPRIATESIZESAMPLESANDFOROBSERVINGTHEPROPORTIONOFCLASTSTOMATRIXANDSIZESOFCOBBLES,BOULDERSDETAILEDANDACCURATEFIELDDESCRIPTIONSARETHEREFOREVITALFORCUTAREASANDTRIALPITSPROVIDEANOPPORTUNITYTOEXAMINETHESOILSONALARGERSCALETHANBOREHOLESTRIALPITSALSOPROVIDEANINSIGHTONTRENCHSTABILITYANDTOOBSERVEWATERINGRESSANDITSEFFECTSASUITABLYEXPERIENCEDGEOTECHNICALENGINEERORENGINEERINGGEOLOGISTSHOULDSUPERVISETHETRIALPITTINGWORKSANDRECOVERYOFSAMPLESTHECHARACTERISTICSOFTHESOILSDURINGTRIALPITEXCAVATIONSHOULDBECLOSELYOBSERVEDASTHISPROVIDESINFORMATIONONSOILSENSITIVITY,ESPECIALLYIFWATERFROMGRANULARZONESMIGRATESINTOTHEFINEMATRIXMATERIALVERYOFTEN,THECONDITIONOFSOILONTHESIDESOFANEXCAVATIONPROVIDESAMOREACCURATEASSESSMENTOFITSINSITUCONDITION3SOILCLASSIFICATIONSOILDESCRIPTIONANDCLASSIFICATIONSHOULDBEUNDERTAKENINACCORDANCEWITHBS59301999ANDTESTEDINACCORDANCEWITHBS13771990THEENGINEERINGDESCRIPTIONOFASOILISBASEDONITSPARTICLESIZEGRADING,SUPPLEMENTEDBYPLASTICITYFORFINESOILSFORMANYOFOURGLACIALTILL,BOULDERCLAYSOILSIEMIXEDSOILSDIFFICULTIESARISEWITHDESCRIPTIONSANDASSESSINGENGINEERINGPERFORMANCETESTSASOUTLINEDPREVIOUSLY,IRISHBOULDERCLAYSUSUALLYCOMPRISEHIGHLYVARIABLEPROPORTIONSOFSANDS,GRAVELSANDCOBBLESINASILTORCLAYMATRIXLOWPLASTICITYSOILSWITHFINESCONTENTSOFAROUND10TO15OFTENPRESENTTHEMOSTDIFFICULTIESBS59301999NOWRECOGNISESTHESEDIFFICULTIESINDESCRIBINGMIXEDSOILSTHEFINESOILCONSTITUENTSWHICHGOVERNTHEENGINEERINGBEHAVIOURNOWTAKESPRIORITYOVERPARTICLESIZEAKEYPARAMETERWHICHISOFTENUNDERESTIMATEDINCLASSIFYINGANDUNDERSTAND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