外文翻译--高速铣削.doc

High-speedmillingHigh-speedmachiningisanadvancedmanufacturingtechnology,differentfromthetraditionalprocessingmethods.Thespindlespeed,cuttingfeedrate,cuttingasmallamountofunitswithinthetimeofremovalofmaterialhasincreasedthreetosixtimes.Withhighefficiency,highprecisionandhighqualitysurfaceasthebasiccharacteristicsoftheautomobileindustry,aerospace,moldmanufacturingandinstrumentationindustry,suchasaccesstoawiderangeofapplications,hasmadesignificanteconomicbenefits,isthecontemporaryimportanceofadvancedmanufacturingtechnology.Foralongtime,peopledieontheprocessinghasbeenusingagrindingormillingEDM(EDM)processing,grinding,polishingmethods.AlthoughthehighhardnessoftheEDMmachineparts,butthelowertheproductivityofitsapplicationislimited.Withthedevelopmentofhigh-speedprocessingtechnology,usedtoreplacehigh-speedcutting,grindingandpolishingprocesstodieprocessinghasbecomepossible.Toshortentheprocessingcycle,processingandreliablequalityassurance,lowerprocessingcosts.1Oneoftheadvantagesofhigh-speedmachiningHigh-speedmachiningasadie-efficientmanufacturing,high-quality,lowpowerconsumptioninanadvancedmanufacturingtechnology.Inconventionalmachininginaseriesofproblemshasplaguedbyhigh-speedmachiningoftheapplicationhavebeenresolved.1.1IncreaseproductivityHigh-speedcuttingofthespindlespeed,feedratecomparedwithtraditionalmachining,inthenatureoftheleap,themetalremovalrateincreased30percentto40percent,cuttingforcereducedby30percent,thecuttingtoollifeincreasedby70%.Hardenedpartscanbeprocessed,afixtureinmanypartstobecompletedrough,semi-finishingandfine,andallotherprocesses,thecomplexcanreachpartsofthesurfacequalityrequirements,thusincreasingtheprocessingproductivityandcompetitivenessofproductsinthemarket.1.2ImproveprocessingaccuracyandsurfacequalityHigh-speedmachinesgenerallyhavehighrigidityandprecision,andothercharacteristics,processing,cuttingthedepthofsmall,fastandfeed,cuttingforcelow,theworkpiecetoreduceheatdistortion,andhighprecisionmachining,surfaceroughnesssmall.Millingwillbenohigh-speedprocessingandmillingmarksthesurfacesothatthepartsgreatlyenhancethequalityofthesurface.ProcessingAluminumwhenupRa0.40.6um,piecesofsteelprocessingatuptoRa0.20.4um.1.3CuttingreducetheheatBecausethemainaxismillingmachinehigh-speedrotation,cuttingashallowcutting,andfeedveryquickly,andthebladelengthoftheworkpiececontactsandcontacttimeisveryshort,adecreaseofbladesandpartsoftheheatconduction.High-speedcuttingbydrymillingoroilcookedupabsolute(mist)lubricationsystem,toavoidthetraditionalprocessingtoolincontactwiththeworkpieceandalotofshortcomingstoensurethatthetoolisnothightemperatureundertheconditionsofwork,extendedtoollife.1.4Thisisconducivetoprocessingthin-walledpartsHigh-speedcuttingofsmallcuttingforce,ahigherdegreeofstability,Machinablewithhigh-qualityemployeescomparedtothecompanymaybeverygood,butotherthanthecompanysemployeesmaySuanbuLeoutstandingworkperformance.ForourChinapractice,weusethemodelstodeterminethemethodofstafftrainingneedsaresimpleandeffective.Thisstudymodelscanbeanexternalobject,itcanalsobeacombinationofinternalandexternal.Wemustfirstclearstrategyforthedevelopmentofenterprises.Throughtheinternalandexternalbusinessenvironmentandorganizationalresources,suchasanalysis,thefuturedevelopmentofaclearbusinessgoalsandoperationalpriorities.Accordingtothebusinessdevelopmentstrategycanbecomparedtofindthebusinessmodels,throughacomparativeanalysisofthefinalizationofbusinessmodels.Indeterminingbusinessmodels,a,istheunderstandingofitsdevelopmentstrategy,oritsmarketshareandmarketgrowthrate,orthestaffofthesituation,andsoon,accordingtothecompaniestodeterminetheactualsituation.Asenterprisesindifferentperiodofdevelopment,itsfocusisdifferent,whichmeansthatenterprisesneedtoinvestthemanpowerandfinancialresourcesthefocusisdifferent.Soinacertainperiodoftime,enterprisesshouldaccuratelyselectedtheirbusinessmodelscomparedwiththedepartmentsandposts,somorepracticalsignificance,becausethebusinessmodelsarenotalwaysgood,buttocomparesomeaspectsdidnothavemuchpracticalsignificance,FurthermoreThiscanmorefullyconcentrateonthebusinessuseoflimitedresources.Identifybusinessmodels,andthentaketheenterpriseofthecorrespondingdepartmentsandstaffwiththebusinessmodelsforcomparison,thetwocanbefoundintheperformancegap,acomparativeanalysistofindreasons,inaccordancewiththisbusinessreality,thefinalidentificationoftrainingneeds.Thecostoftrainingisneeded,ifnotthroughaneffectivewaytodeterminewhethercompaniesneedtotrainandthetrainingoftheway,butblindtotraining,suchtrainingisdifficulttoachievethedesiredresults.Acomparisononlydifferencebetweenthismodelissimpleandpracticaltraining.1.5Canbepartofsomealternativetechnology,suchasEDM,grindinghighintensityandhighhardnessprocessingHigh-speedcuttingamajorfeatureofhigh-speedcuttingmachinehasthehardnessofHRC60parts.Withtheuseofcoatedcarbidecuttermoldprocessing,directlytotheinstallationofahardenedtoolsteelprocessingforming,effectivelyavoidtheinstallationofseveralpartsofthefixtureerrorandimprovethepartsofthegeometriclocationaccuracy.Inthemoldoftraditionalprocessing,heattreatmenthardeningoftheworkpiecerequiredEDM,high-speedmachiningreplacethetraditionalmethodofcuttingtheprocessing,manufacturingprocesspossibletoomitdieinEDM,simplifyingtheprocessingtechnologyandinvestmentcosts.High-speedmillingintheprecinctsofCNCmachinetools,orforprocessingcentre,alsointheinstallationofhigh-speedspindleonthegeneralmachinetools.Thelatternotonlyhastheprocessingcapacityofgeneralmachinetools,butalsoforhigh-speedmilling,adecreaseofinvestmentinequipment,machinetoolsincreasedflexibility.Cuttinghigh-speedprocessingcanimprovetheefficiency,qualityimprovement,streamlineprocesses,investmentandmachinetoolinvestmentandmaintenancecostsrise,butcomprehensive,cansignificantlyincreaseeconomicefficiency.2High-speedmillingHigh-speedmillingthemaintechnicalhigh-speedcuttingtechnologyiscuttingthedevelopmentdirectionofoneofitwithCNCtechnology,microelectronictechnology,newmaterialsandnewtechnology,suchastechnologydevelopmenttoahigherlevel.High-speedmachinetoolsandhigh-speedtooltoachievehigh-speedcuttingistheprerequisiteandbasicconditions,inhigh-speedmachiningintheperformanceofhigh-speedmachinetoolmaterialofchoiceandtherearestrictrequirements.2.1High-speedmillingmachineinordertoachievehigh-speedmachiningGeneraluseofhighlyflexiblehigh-speedCNCmachinetools,machiningcenters,andsomeuseadedicatedhigh-speedmilling,drilling.Atthesametimeahigh-speedmachinetoolspindlesystemandhigh-speedfeedingsystem,highstiffnessofthemaincharacteristicsofhigh-precisiontargetingandhigh-precisioninterpolationfunctions,especiallyhigh-precisionarcinterpolationfunction.High-speedmachiningsystemsofthemachineahigherdemand,mainlyinthefollowingareas:Generaluseofhighlyflexiblehigh-speedCNCmachinetools,machiningcenters,andsomeuseadedicatedhigh-speedmilling,drilling.Atthesametimeahigh-speedmachinetoolspindlesystemandhigh-speedfeedingsystem,highstiffnessofthemaincharacteristicsofhigh-precisiontargetingandhigh-precisioninterpolationfunctions,especiallyhigh-precisionarcinterpolationfunction.High-speedmachiningsystemsofthemachineahigherdemand,mainlyinthefollowingareas:High-speedmillingmachinemusthaveahigh-speedspindle,thespindlespeedisgenerally10000100000m/min,powergreaterthan15kW.Butalsowithrapidspeedorindesignatedspotsfast-stoppingperformance.Themainaxialspacenotmorethan0.0002mm.Oftenusinghigh-speedspindle-hydrostaticbearings,airpressure-bearing,mixedceramicbearings,magneticbearingstructureoftheform.Spindlecoolinggeneralusewithinthewateroraircooled.High-speedprocessingmachine-drivensystemshouldbeabletoprovide4060m/minofthefeedrate,withgoodaccelerationcharacteristics,canprovide0.4m/s2to10m/s2accelerationanddeceleration.Inordertoobtaingoodprocessingquality,high-speedcuttingmachinesmusthaveahighenoughstiffness.Machinebedmaterialusedgrayiron,canalsoaddahigh-dampingbaseofconcrete,topreventcuttingtoolchatteraffectthequalityofprocessing.Ahigh-speeddatatransferrate,canautomaticallyincreaseslowdown.Processingtechnologytoimprovetheprocessingandcuttingtoollife.Atpresenthigh-speedmachinetoolmanufacturers,usuallyinthegeneralmachinetoolsonlowspeed,thefeedoftheroughandthenproceedtoheattreatment,thelastinthehigh-speedmachineonthehalf-finishedandfinished,inimprovingtheaccuracyandefficiencyatthesametime,asfaraspossibletoreduceprocessingCost.2.2High-speedmachiningtoolHigh-speedmachiningtoolisthemostactiveoneoftheimportantfactors,ithasadirectimpactontheefficiencyofprocessing,manufacturingcostsandproductprocessingandaccuracy.Toolinhigh-speedprocessingtobearhightemperature,highpressure,friction,shockandvibration,suchasloading,itshardnessandwear-resistance,strengthandtoughness,heatresistance,technologyandeconomicperformanceofthebasichigh-speedprocessingperformanceisthekeyOneofthefactors.High-speedcuttingtooltechnologydevelopmentspeed,themoreapplicationssuchasdiamond(PCD),cubicboronnitride(CBN),ceramicknives,carbidecoating,(C)titaniumnitrideCarbideTIC(N)Andsoon.CBNhashighhardness,abrasionresistanceandtheextremelygoodthermalconductivity,andirongroupelementsbetweenthegreatinertia,in1300wouldnothavehappenedsignificantroleinthechemical,alsohasagoodstability.TheexperimentsshowthatwithCBNcuttingtoolHRC3567hardnessofhardenedsteelcanachieveveryhighspeed.Ceramicshavegoodwearresistanceandthermalchemicalstability,itshardness,toughnessbelowtheCBN,canbeusedforprocessinghardnessofHRC50parts.CarbideToolgoodwearresistance,butthehardnessthanthelow-CBNandceramics.Coatingtechnologyusedknives,cuttingtoolscanimprovehardnessandcuttingtherate,forcuttingHRC4050inhardnessbetweentheworkpiece.Canbeusedtoheat-resistantalloys,titaniumalloys,hightemperaturealloy,castiron,Chungang,aluminumandcompositematerialsofhigh-speedcuttingCut,themostwidelyused.Precisionmachiningnon-ferrousmeta