《glossary课件》高中英语人教版选修英语写作1247.ppt

高考书面表达复习策略高考风向标书面表达旨在测试学生的英语书面表达能力，考查其运用所学的语言知识和掌握的写作技能进行书面语言交际的灵活和熟练的程度。近十年高考书面表达趋势1、内容的控制性高考英语书面表达题是有控制性的写作（GUIDEDWRITING），而不是自由写作（FREEWRITING）。也就是说，通过提供汉语提示、表格或者图画来限定写作的内容、人称、时态、字数、文体，有的还限定了短文的开头语或者结束语。2、体裁、题材的多样性历年高考书面表达的体裁主要是记叙文（如日记、介绍等）和应用文（如书信、通知等）。这两类体裁也是我们日常生活中最常见的文体。从题材上看，都与现实生活息息相关。如交友信、询问信，对人物、地点、事件的介绍，游览参观，环境保护等等。这些内容都是考生所熟悉的，也是比较容易操作的。体裁1应用文（书信，通知，发言稿，倡议书等）2记叙文3说明文4议论文纵观近十年的高考英语书面表达，从命题形式来看，以图画，图表和提纲提示为主；以叙述性的应用文和记叙文为主。从题材来看，所选题材都是贴近学生生活实际的材料，这样有利于使学生做到有话可写，体现了高考英语书面表达的命题原则合理性、交际性和实用性。年度体裁主题内容提示方式格式人称字数分值1995说明文野餐路线图一幅图画书信第二人称80100251996应用文向外资企业写一份自我介绍表格求职信第一人称80100301997记叙文抓交通违章六幅图画故事第一人称100左右301998记叙文参观农场六幅图画日记第一人称100左右301999说明文三年来学校变化二幅图画书信第一人称100左右302000记叙文目击交通事故四幅图画报告第一人称100左右302001记叙文减负给学习和生活带来的变化表格书信第一人称100左右252002应用文公园是否收门票表格书信第三人称100左右252003应用文租房图画文字书信第一人称100左右252004应用文建议朋友参加中文歌曲才艺比赛中文提示书信第一人称100左右252005应用文就广告上到伦敦旅游的不明信息进行询问广告文字书信第一人称100左右252006说明文介绍你校图书馆的基本情况。二幅图画书信第一人称100左右252007说明文通过外籍教师找一位英语笔友中文提示书信第一人称100左右253、能力要求的层次性近年来启用新的“评分原则”，在强调审题正确、要点全面的同时，对表达中所运用的语法结构、词汇、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性等都作了新的、更高的要求，更加突出了对考生语言运用能力和创新能力的考查。备考注意事项1、加强书面表达的基本功训练2、逐步培养语感3、经常练习口语4、大量背诵、记忆作文范文5、大量阅读。各档次的给分范围和要求第五档2125分。完全完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖所有要点。应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。有效的使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。完全达到了预期的写作目的。NMET2003假设你是李华，你的英国笔友BOB将于九月到你所在的城市的建新华文学校来学中文，来信请你在学校附近为他找一套住房。请根据图画提供的信息，写信介绍住房的情况，并告知住房面积为25平方米，月租500元。注意1词数100左右；2参考词汇房租RENTN表达要点1开头；2公寓的设施一室带浴室、厨房；3公寓面积、家具（25平方，床、沙发、书桌、椅子）；4公寓的位置（芳草街，离学校一站远）；5月租500元；6结尾。根据表达要点写出书面表达。开头、结尾的内容要注意合乎逻辑、语言得体。审题1行文逻辑是否恰当影响得分DEARBOB,IMHAPPYTOKNOWTHATYOUWANTTOSTUDYCHINESEINJIANXINCHINESESCHOOLINMYCITYTHISSEPTEMBERGLADTOTELLYOUTHATIHAVEFOUNDAHOUSEFORYOUNEARTHESCHOOLTHEFLATLIESINABUILDINGINON/ATFANGCAOSTREETNEARBYITSONTHETHIRDFLOOR,WHICHCOVERSANAREAOF25SQUAREMETRES,INCLUDINGALIVINGROOM,THEREISASOFA,ABEDANDADESKWITHALIGHTANDACHAIRFORTUNATELY,THERENTISNOTHIGH,ABOUT500YUANAMONTHINADDITION,OUTSIDEYOURBUILDINGTHEREISABUSSTOP,YOUCANGETTOSCHOOLATTHENEXTBUSSTOPIMLOOKINGFORWARDTOYOURARRIVALBESTWISHESYOURS,LIHUA点评1、全文语句流畅自然，质朴悠扬，几乎一气呵成，尽管房子位于芳草街不用介词IN而用ON/AT，但整篇文章逻辑紧凑，幽雅动人。2、应用了较多高级词汇，高级句式。如LIESCOVERSINCLUDINGWITHFORTUNATELYINADDITIONLOOKFORWARDTO等；还有宾语从句，非限制性定语从句，非谓语动词等。也是得分的因素之一。评卷老师一致认为应给满分25分。2语篇信息影响得分DEARBOB,IMGLADTOKNOWTHATYOULLCOMETOJIANXINHUAWENSCHOOLINOURCITYTOSTUDYCHINESEINYOURLASTLETTER,YOUASKEDMETOLOOKFORAHOUSEANDNOW,ILLTELLYOUSOMETHINGABOUTITTHEHOUSEISINON/ATFANGCAOSTREETANDITSBEHINDTHENO11BUSSTOP,SOYOUCANTAKEITANDGETOFFATTHENEXTBUSSTOPTOTHESCHOOLSOITSCONVENIENTFORYOUTHEHOUSEIS25SQUAREMETERSINSIZEANDTHERENTOFITIS500YUANPERMONTHITINCLUDESTHREEROOMSABATHROOM,AKITCHENANDABEDROOMWHICHHASASOFA,ABED,ADESKANDSOONYOUCANHAVEAGOODRESTWHENTIREDMEANWHILE,THEENVIRONMENTISALSOVERYGOODTREESANDGRASSAREAROUNDYOURHOUSEIMSUREYOULLBEGLADABOUTITWISHYOUAGOODTIMEHEREANDSTUDYCHINESEWELLYOURS,LIHUA点评全文的语篇信息基本给全有问候语、房间位置、大小、房租、结束语，此外，也用到了一些高级词汇INSIZE/INCLUDE/GETOFF/CONVENIENT/MEANWHILE/ENVIRONMENT等，也有少许复杂句，最后得分23分。3是否使用高级词汇影响得分DEARBOB,HOWAREYOUIHAVEFOUNDAGOODPLACEFORYOUTOSTUDYHEREITSONTHETHIRDFLOOROFATALLBUILDINGJUSTBEHINDTHEFANGCAOSTREETSTOPOFTHENO11BUSANDTHENEXTSTOPISTHEJIANXINHUAWENSCHOOL,SOITSEASYTOGETTOTHESCHOOLTHEPLACEFLATCOVERSANAREAOF25SQUAREMETRESTHEREISALARGESMALL,ORLARGEBEDROOMWITHABED,SOFAANDADESKINITNEXTTOTHEBEDROOMTHEREISAKITCHENANDABATHROOM,BOTHOFWHICHKEEPSOMENECESSARYFURNITUREANDTHERENTIS500RMBPERMONTHIMLOOKINGFORWARDTOYOURREPLYBESTWISHESYOURS,LIHUA点评本文所使用的高级词汇有JUSTBEHIND/COVER/NEXTTO/BOTHOF/KEEP/LOOKFORWARDTO等，最后得分23分。4是否使用复杂句影响得分DEARBOB,HOWGLADIWASWHENIGOTTHENEWSTHATYOUWOULDCOMETOMYCITYTOLEARNCHINESEINJIANXINHUAWENSCHOOLASSOONASIKNEWYOURPLAN,IWENTTOMANYPLACESNEARTHESCHOOLTOFINDAFLATFORYOUNOWILLINTRODUCEITTOYOUTHEFLATISATONTHETHIRDFLOOROFATALLBUILDINGINAT/ONTHEFANGCAOSTREET,ANDTHEREISABUSSTOPNEARTHEBUILDING,SOITSVERYCONVENIENTFORYOUTOGOTOTHESCHOOLTHEFLATWHICHCOVERSANAREAOF25SQUAREMETRESCONTAINSATOILET,ASMALLKITCHENANDABEDROOMBESIDES,THEREAREMANYFURNITURESFURNITURE,SUCHASADESK,ACHAIR,ABEDANDSOONTHERENTOFTHEFLATIS500YUANAMONTHIMSUREYOUWILLLIKETHESMALLBUTBEAUTIFULHOUSEBESTWISHESYOURS,LIHUA点评本文除一些错误外，还用了几个高级词汇，如CONVENIENT/COVER/BESIDES/THESMALLBUTBEAUTIFUL,更为可贵的是至少用了三个非常好的复杂句感叹句与同位语从句“HOWGLADIWASWHENIGOTTHENEWSTHATYOUWOULDCOMETOMYCITYTOLEARNCHINESEINJIANXINHUAWENSCHOOL”；ASSOONAS引导的状语从句；IMSURE引导的宾语从句，最后得分21分。卷面整洁与否，书写工整与否影响得分有一位考生的书面表达，整个文章书写特别规范，字迹工整，耐看，信息基本给出，有个别高级词汇HEARFROM,有个别复杂句结构ASKSOMEBODYTODOSOMETHING,没有很好地使用THEREBE结构，属第三档低分位给分，但由于卷面整洁，书写工整，最后在第三档高位给分15分。小结1行文逻辑是否恰当影响得分2是否使用高级词汇影响得分3是否使用复杂句影响得分4语篇信息影响得分卷面整洁与否，书写工整与否影响得分返回如何写好高考英语作文以前英语作文评分依据是根据要点和语言准确度而定，但近几年要求“使用较多语法结构和词汇”，因此要想得高分，除了要点和语言准确度以外，还必须在较复杂的句子结构或较高级的词汇上有所表现。句式单一，缺乏生气的文章，哪怕无任何错误也不可能得高分，相反“有些错误，但是为了使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致”，给分档次仍在最高档2125分写作的“规矩”书面表达的基本要素大写字母1正确地使用大写字母是写作中一个不容忽视的问题。大写字母主要用于句子的开头、标题中的实义词和专有名词如PRESIDENTBUSH,CHINESE,MOTHER,PROFESSORSMITH等。注句中直接引语的第一个字母要大写,如SHESAID,“ITISUNREASONABLETODOSUCHATHING“格式每段的开头应缩进,即留出4到5个字母的空间。标点应该注意的是英语句号是实心点,而不是自小圆圈英语的省略号是“”英语中没有顿号,只能用逗号；汉语中直接引语前的“某某说”等词语之后一律用冒号,而英语中一般用逗号,间或也用冒号。当“某某说”等词语在直接引语后出现时,汉语的引语末尾用句号,而英语一般用逗号。如句子“ITSNONEOFYOUBUSINESS，”SAIDTHEYOUNGMANRUDELY汉语译文是“这不关你的事。”年轻人粗暴地说。“英语中没有书名号,书名一般用引号或斜体表示。如YESTERDAYSHESAWANENGLISHFILM“GONEWITHTHEWIND”。字数字数应适当。字数太少,会有辞不达意、言之无物之嫌字数太多,表明文章不够简炼。标题题目应写在第一行的中间。题目中每一个词的首字母应大写,但冠词、连词、介词等虚词和不定式TO等除外,例如MYFIRSTVISITTOTHEPALACEMUSEUM题目后不加句号。如题目是疑问句,应加问号如是间接引语形式的疑问句,则不加问号。卷面是否整洁书写应符合规范,英文字母要清楚、整齐、美观,字母的大小和字母之间的距离要匀称。NMET书面表达解题步骤七步写作法一审（审定人称、主体时态、格式）二定（确定主题和结构）三列（列出简明要点）四连（连词成句，连句成文）五美（综合运用过渡语的使用、长短句的搭配、倒装、非谓语动词、强调句型、独立主格、复合句的使用、高级词汇等手段进行美化，以达到地道、流畅、一气呵成的效果）六查（检查大小写、标点、时态、语态、主谓一致）七抄（将草稿快速、工整地誊写到试卷上）誊写把改好的作文工整地誉写在答卷上,许多考生不重视这项工作。要知道书面表达是主观性试题,工整规范的书写能使人赏心悦目，会让阅卷老师有良好的心情去阅卷,进而获得一个比较理想的分数要提醒大家，一定要注意书写清楚、规范。2008年考试说明中“评分”规定如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次（5分）。从老师参加高考英语阅卷的经验来看，不少同学由于疏于审题，随意写就，仔细检查后，发现有诸多不妥之处，于是对原文修修补补，或在试卷上涂黑，或使用胶带，或使用涂改液，或随意连线画“地图”等等，都在不同程度上影响了自己的成绩。A观点对比类文章B今昔对比类文章C数据说明类文章D看图说话类文章E提示议论文类文章精彩回放A表示观点对比类写作套语总起DIFFERENTPEOPLEHOLDDIFFERENTOPINIONSOPINIONSAREDIVIDEDPEOPLEHAVETAKEN/ADOPTEDDIFFERENTATTITUDESTOWARDSPEOPLEHAVEDIFFERENTOPINIONSONTHISPROBLEMPEOPLETAKEDIFFERENTVIEWSONTHISQUESTION表达观点一OFTHEMHOLDTHEOPINIONTHATOFTHEMAREINFAVOROFTHEIDEATHATPEOPLEWHOAREFOR/AGAINSTTHEIDEATHINK精彩回放表达不同观点之间的衔接HOWEVER,OFTHEMHOLDADIFFERENTVIEW/OFTHEMHOLDTHEOPPOSITEOPINIONPEOPLEWHOAREAGAINSTITDONTTHINKSOHOWEVER,EACHCOINHASTWOSIDESDIFFERENTFROMTHOSE,PEOPLETHINKONTHEOTHERHAND,PEOPLEOBJECTTHAT精彩回放B表示今昔对比类写作套语1开头常用句型1GREATCHANGESHAVETAKENPLACEGREATCHANGESHAVETAKENPLACEINMYHOMETOWNINTHELASTFIVEYEARQUITEAFEWCHANGESHAVETAKENPLACEINMYSCHOOLSINCEYOULEFTCHINAOVERTHEPASTTWENTYYEARSORSO,GREATCHANGESHAVETAKENPLACEINOURLIFE2THINGSHAVEBEGUNTOIMPROVESINCE自从以来，事情有了好转/改善。THINGSHAVEBEGUNTOIMPROVESINCESCHOOLSWERECALLEDONTOREDUCELEARNINGLOAD精彩回放2对比常用句型1USEDTO,BUTNOW过去常，但是现在2INTHEPAST,BUTNOW在过去，但是现在3ONCE,BUTNOW曾经，但是现在4THINGSAREDIFFERENTNOW情况已大不同了5BUTNOW,EVERYTHINGHASCHANGED但是现在全变了精彩回放C表示数据说明类写作套语文章结构PART1GENERALIDEACONCLUSION/TENDENCYPART2FACTSTOSUPPORTTHEIDEAPART3REASONSPART4SOLUTIONSORPERSONALOPINION/SUGGESTIONSIFNEEDED精彩回放开头常用套语THEGRAPHABOVESHOWSTHATASISSHOWNBYTHEGRAPH/INTHECHART,FROMTHEGRAPH/CHARTABOVE,WECANSEEFROMTHEFIGURESGIVENINTHETABLE,ITCANBESEEN/NOTICEDTHAT精彩回放数据说明常用套语THENUMBEROFNEARLYDOUBLEDTHENUMBERWAS5TIMESASMUCHASTHATOFITROSEFROMITDECREASEDTWICETHANTHATOF1906THETOTALNUMBERWASLOWEREDBY10COMPAREDWITH1997,ITFELLFROM15TO10THENUMBEROFAMOUNTTO/ADDUPTO/SUMUPTO/REACH数量总计INCREASERISE/FALL/DROPFROMTO）COMPAREDWITHMAKEUPABOUT精彩回放原因说明常用套语THEREARESEVERALREASONSTHATACCOUNTFORITANUMBEROFFACTORSACCOUNTFORTHECHANGEINLARGELYRESULTSFROMTHEFACTTHATFIRSTLY/FIRSTOFALL/TOBEGINWITH,SECONDLY,BESIDES/INADDITION/FURTHERMORE/MOREOVER,FINALLY/LASTBUTNOTLEAST/,精彩回放结尾常用套语WECANDRAWTHECONCLUSIONTHATINMYOPINION/PERSONALLY,ASFARASIMCONCERNED,INSHORT/INBRIEF/INAWORD,ITSEEMSCLEARTHATITSCLEARFROMTHECHARTTHATWECANKNOW/LEARNTHATTHERESULTSSEEMTOSUGGESTTHATD看图说话类文章E提示议论文类文章看图作文写作应考虑的几点1看懂图片，把图片展示的人物、地点、时间、事件等有机地串联起来，使之成为内容连贯的句子。2确定短文的时态和人称。3确定体裁（说明文还是记叙文），接着用简洁的语句描述图片或图表大意。4根据图片或图表大意进行议论。D看图说话类写作根据下列图画中TOM骑自行车的经历，用英语写一篇短文。短文要写得连贯、完整。字数100字左右。审题1、体裁叙述TOM骑自行车的经历，为记叙文体2、主要时态一般过去时，叙述描绘一起交通事故3、人称第三人称TOM4、要点记叙描绘文体，抓住四个要点时间、地点、人物、事件的前后经过。词句文WORDSTORIDEABIKETOHITHISBIKEANDFALLOFFSENTENCESTOMWASRIDINGABIKEALONGTHESTREETTHECARHITHISBIKEANDHEFELLOFFITPASSAGETHEOTHERDAY,TOMWASRIDINGALONGTHESTREETSUDDENLY,ACARWASRUNNINGTOWARDSHIMFASTANDHITHISBIKE,THENHEFELLOFFITTHEOTHERDAY,TOMWASRIDINGALONGTHESTREETSUDDENLY,ACARWASRUNNINGTOWARDSHIMFASTHEWASSOFRIGHTENEDTHATHEQUICKLYTURNEDTOTHELEFTSIDEBUTITWASTOOLATETHECARHITHISBIKEANDHEFELLOFFITWHENTHEDRIVERREALIZEDTHATHEHADCAUSEDANACCIDENT,HEGOTSUCHAFRIGHTTHATHETOOKFLIGHTWITHHISCARHEWASSOONOUTOFSIGHT,LEAVINGTOMHELPLESSONTHESPOTFORTUNATELYAPASSERBYHAPPENEDTOSEEWHATHADHAPPENEDANDREMEMBEREDTHENUMBEROFTHECARHEREPORTEDTHISTOTHEPOLICENOWTHEDRIVERHASBEENCAUGHTANDWILLBEPUNISHEDFORHISWRONGDOING提示议论文写作应考虑的几点1文章开头，能依据提示确立主题句（TOPIC）,阐明观点或看法。2使用连接词,分层次说明理由、缘由（SUPPORTINGSENTENCES）。3归纳总结，首尾呼应。E提示议论文类写作谈谈阅读的好处1）阅读对人有很大好处；2）读书给我们带来很大乐趣；3）书是我们最好的朋友。READINGDOESALOTOFGOODTOHUMANBEINGSWECANENJOYTHEGREATPLEASURESTHATREADINGGIVESUSBOOKSAREOURBESTFRIENDS半开放式书面表达1按照提示，写出主题句。READINGDOESALOTOFGOODTOHUMANBEINGSWECANENJOYTHEGREATPLEASURESTHATREADINGGIVESUSBOOKSAREOURBESTFRIENDSFORONETHING,READINGCANENRICHOURKNOWLEDGEANDBROADENOURHORIZONSBESIDES,WECANSHARETHEWRITERSIDEASANDCOMMUNICATEWITHHIMWHOLIVEDLONGAGOFORANOTHERTHING,WECANTALKABOUTTHEBOOKTHATWEHAVEREADTHISHELPSUSMAKEFRIENDSWITHOTHERPEOPLE2根据主题句，确定SUPPORTINGDETAILSONTHEONEHAND,READINGCANENRICHOURKNOWLEDGEANDWIDENOUREYESIGHTWHENWEREADATHOMEWECANTRAVELAROUNDTHEWORLDANDUNDERSTANDTHETHINGSAROUNDUSCLEARLYMEANWHILE,WECANSHARETHEWRITERSIDEASANDCOMMUNICATEWITHHIMWHOLIVEDLONGAGOONTHEOTHERHAND,WECANTALKABOUTTHEBOOKTHATWEHAVEREADTHISHELPSUSMAKEFRIENDSWITHOTHERPEOPLETHEREFORE,THOSEWHOCANENJOYBOOKSCANGETMUCHHAPPINESSFROMBOOKSREADINGDOESALOTOFGOODTOHUMANBEINGSMANYPEOPLELIKEREADINGBOOKSINTHEIRSPARETIMEITHASBECOMEPARTOFTHEIRLIVESGENERALLYSPEAKING,BOOKSAREOURBESTFRIENDSREADINGGOODBOOKSSHOULDBECOMEOURLIFELONGHOBBY3串联SUPPORTINGDETAILS,添加必要细节。1、细节的添加要为主题服务。2、要使用自己有把握的句型和短语。3、主题思想不宜挖掘得太深。4、表达尽量要简洁、不宜罗嗦。友情提醒写人SHEISAGIRLOFTWELVEYEARSOLDSHEISTALLANDSLIMWITHBIGEYESANDCURLYHAIRBEINGKINDANDHELPFUL,SHEALWAYSENJOYSHELPINGOTHERSOUTINHERSPARETIME,SHESPENDSMUCHTIMELISTENINGTOMUSICANDREADINGNOVELSSHEGETSONWELLWITHALMOSTANYONEANDISALWAYSWELCOMEWHEREVERSHEGOES介绍某地SHANDONGPROVINCELIESINTHENORTHOFCHINAITISRICHINMANYKINDSOFNATURALRESOURCES,SUCHASCOALANDPETROLITHASAPOPULATIONOF23MILLIONITISTERRIBLYCOLDINWINTERANDVERYHOTINSUMMERTHERETHEPEOPLETHEREAREFRIENDLYANDHARDWORKINGANDTHEIRHOSPITALITYWILLNEVERFAILTOGIVEYOUADEEPIMPRESSION通知用语ATTENTION,PLEASE/MAYIHAVEYOURATTENTION,PLEASETHESPORTSMEETTOBEHELDTOMORROWISCANCELEDDUETOTHEBADWEATHERAMEETINGISTOBEHELDINROOM203ATTWOOCLOCKTOMORROWAFTERNOONPLEASETAKEAPENANDNOTEBOOKWITHYOUANDBETHEREONTIMETHATSALL,THANKYOU写信DEARTOM,IMVERYGLADTORECEIVEYOURLETTERIAMFINEBUTVERYBUSYRECENTLY,LEARNINGENGLISHIHAVEBEENSTRICTLYFOLLOWINGTHEADVICEGIVENBYYOUINYOURLASTLETTERANDHAVEMADESOMEPROGRESSSOFARPLEASEREMEMBERMETOYOURPARENTSYOURSTRULY,LIMING常用句式记事ATFIRSTHEDIDNTHEARANYTHINGATALLBUTTHENASUDDENKNOCKONTHEDOORWOKEHIMUPFOLLOWINGTHATCAMEAMANSVOICE,SAYING,“COMEOUT,ORIWILLBREAKIN”SEVERALMINUTESLATER,HEHEARDSOMEONELEAVEFINALLYHEGOTUP,OPENEDTHEDOORANDLOOKEDAROUND议论INMYOPINION,IPREFERTRAVELINGBYTRAINRATHERTHANBYPLANEFORONETHING,ATRAINTICKETISMUCHCHEAPERTHANAPLANETICKETFORANOTHER,YOUCANENJOYTHEBEAUTIFULVIEWSOUTSIDETHETRAINWINDOWABOVEALL,ITSSAFERTRAVELINGONATRAINTHANTRAVELINGINAPLANEINAWORD,IWILLALWAYSTRAVELBYTRAINIFIMNOTINAGREATHURRY一写作常见错误1动词与主语关系不清误ISAWANOLDMANGOINGOUTOFCITYPARKANDWASABOUTTOCROSSPARKROAD正ISAWANOLDMANGOINGOUTOFCITYPARKANDHEWASABOUTTOCROSSPARKROAD2句子之间的逻辑关系不清误ITHITTHEOLDMANDOWNBUTTHEDRIVER,AWOMAN,DIDNTSTOPHERCARFINDINGSHEHADCAUSEDANACCIDENT,THEWOMANSPEDHERCARTOFLEEAWAYTHEOLDMANANDISAWTHECARSNUMBERITSAC864THEOLDMANCOULDNTMOVE,IDECIDEDTOHELPHIM正ITHITTHEOLDMANDOWNBUTTHEDRIVER,WHOWASAWOMAN,DIDNTSTOPHERCARFINDINGSHEHADCAUSEDANACCIDENT,THEWOMANSPEDHERCARTOFLEEAWAYFORTUNATELY,ISAWTHECARSNUMBERITSAC864NOTICINGTHEOLDMANCOULDNTMOVE,IDECIDEDTOHELPHIM3画蛇添足、过多的长句使句子复杂化（语言不简洁）修改前AFAMOUSSPORTSMANWASGIVINGASPEECHWHICHWASRATHERINTERESTING修改后AFAMOUSSPORTSMANWASGIVINGANINTERESTINGSPEECH4过于简单的句子使文章缺少逻辑性，可读性。修改前YESTERDAY,THEREWASAPOLICEMANINTHESTREETHESTOPPEDACARTHECARWASATTHECORNERITLOOKEDLIKEAHONDATHEREWASABOYONTHESIDEWALKHEWASRIDINGHISBICYCLETHEBICYCLEWASATWOWHEELERTHECARNEARLYKNOCKEDDOWNTHEBOY修改后YESTERDAY,APOLICEMANSTOPPEDACARHONDAATTHECORNEROFTHESTREET,BECAUSEITNEARLYKNOCKEDDOWNABOYWHOWASRIDINGABICYCLEONTHESIDEWALK影响书面表达得分的因素1语言表达出现“大错误”及“小错误”“大错误”包括时态错误、句子结构错误、中式英语等，如1WHENWECROSSEDTHECROSSROADS,THEREARETWOPERSONSSTANDINGTHERE2THEDOCTORSUGGESTEDHIMTOGIVEUPSMOKING3THEREWEREALOTOFGIRLSTUDENTSOFOURCLASSTOOKPARTINTHESPORTSMEET“小错误”主要是反应在个别单词拼写错误、冠词介词使用不准确等方面。如1THEBISCUITTASTESDELECIOUS2THISSONGREMINDSMEABOUTFRANCE3THEWORKERGAVEUSAWARMLYWELCOME4NOWIMGOINGTOGIVEYOUADETAILDESCRIPTIONOFTHEROOM2要点有所遗漏1彻底理解题意，看准答题要求。2把内容要点列成提纲。3重新检查一遍，确信无一遗漏。4动笔开始写。一定要注意3离题句太多历年来书面表达词数都要求在80120个词范围之内，按一般长度的句子计算，也就是十句左右，没有盲目发挥的余地。再者过度发挥浪费了时间，影响了成绩。所以必须注意，写作中不可乱加花样，只能在紧扣主题,保证要点全面的前提下适当发挥，增加有限的相关细节。4没有使用高级词汇和复杂句5书写是否工整清晰在某种程度上也会影响答卷得分SHEDOESNTLIKESPORTSWEHADTOGOHOMESHECARESNOTHINGFORSPORTSWHATWEHADTODOWASGOHOME二怎样运用复杂结构1改变时态THEBELLISRINGINGNOW一般2改变语态PEOPLESUGGESTTHATTHECONFERENCEBEPUTOFF一般THEREGOESTHEBELL高级ITISSUGGESTEDTHATTHECONFERENCEBEPUTOFF高级3使用不定式4使用过去分词HEISSOKINDTHATHECANHELPME一般HEISSOKINDASTOHELPME高级SHEWALKEDOUTOFTHEROOMANDMANYSTUDENTSFOLLOWEDHER一般FOLLOWEDBYMANYSTUDENTS,SHE高级ONCEITISSEEN,ITCANNEVERBEFORGOTTEN一般ONCESEEN,ITCAN高级5使用VING形式WHENHEARRIVESPLEASEGIVEMEANEMAIL一般IFTHEWEATHERPERMITS,ILLCOMETOMORROW一般ONHISARRIVING/ARRIVAL,PLEASEGIVE高级WEATHERPERMITTING,ILLCOMETOMORROW高级NOWZHANGZHUANGPRIMARYSCHOOLHASTHREETEACHERSTHEYTEACH48PUPILS一般NOWZHANGZHUANGPRIMARYSCHOLHASTHREETEACHERS,TEACHING48PUPILS高级ITDISAPPOINTEDEVERYBODYTHATHEDIDNTTURNUP一般6使用名词性从句THEFACTTHATHEDIDNTTURNUPDISAPPOINTEDEVERYBODY高级TOHISSURPRISE,THELITTLEGIRLKNOWSSOMANYTHINGS一般WHATSURPRISEDHIMISTHATTHEGIRL高级7使用状语从句IWONTBELIEVEWHATHESAYS一般IFYOUCOMEBACKBEFORESIXOCLOCK,YOUCANGOOUT一般THEMEALWASVERYNICEWEALLENJOYEDITVERYMUCH一般NOMATTERWHATHESAYS,IWONTBELIEVE高级YOUCANGOOUTONCONDITIONTHATYOUCOMEBACKBEFORE高级THEMEALWASSONICETHATWEALL高级8使用定语从句THEGIRLISSPOKENHIGHLYOFHERCOMPOSITIONWASWELLWRITTEN一般THEGIRLWHOSECOMPOSITIONWASWELLWRITTENWASSPOKENHIGHLYOF高级ISTUDIEDCHINESE,MATHS,ENGLISH,PHYSICS,CHEMISTRYANDCOMPUTERATSCHOOL一般THESUBJECTSISTUDIEDATSCHOOLINCLUDEDCHINESE,MATHS,ENGLISH高级9使用虚拟语气THESHIPDIDNTSINKWITHALLONBOARDBECAUSETHEREWERETHEEFFORTSOFTHECAPTAIN一般IWASNTINVITEDTOTHEPARTY,SOIDIDNTATTENDIT一般IFIHADBEENINVITEDTOTHEPARTY,IWOULDHAVEATTENDEDIT高级BUTFORTHEEFFORTSOFTHECAPTAIN,THESHIPWOULDHAVESUNKWITHALLONBOARD高级10使用强调句、倒装句、感叹句REGULARRADIOBROADCASTSBEGANIN1920一般ITWASNOTUNTIL1920THATREGULARRADIO高级WEAKASIAM,ILLMAKETHEEFFORT高级THOUGHIMWEAK,IWILLMAKETHEEFFORT一般HOWGLADWEWERETOSEETHECROPSAND高级WEWEREGLADTOSEETHECROPSANDVEGETABLESGROWINGVERYWELL一般11使用并列句IFYOUGOTHROUGHTHEGATE,YOULLFINDTHEENTRANCETOBEARCOUNTRY一般GOTHROUGHTHEGATE,ANDYOULLFIND高级IGOTUPLATETHISMORNING,OTHERWISEICOULDHAVECAUGHTTHEEARLYBUS高级IGOTUPLATETHISMORNINGIDIDNTCATCHTHEEARLYBUS一般THEMOREHESPOKE,THEMOREEXCITEDHEFELT高级WHENHESPOKE,HEFELTMOREANDMOREEXCITED一般三、怎样运用高级词汇ASARESULT,THEPLANWASAFAILURE一般SHEWENTTOAUSTRIAINORDERTOSTUDYMUSIC一般BECAUSETHEWEATHERWASGOOD,OURJOURNEYWASCOMFORTABLE一般THEPLANTURNEDOUTTOBEAFAILURE高级SHEWENTTOAUSTRIAWITHTHEPURPOSEOFSTUDYINGMUSIC高级THANKSTOTHEGOODWEATHER,OURJOURNEY高级ATTHENEWSOFHERDEATH,HEWENT高级SHEHASTROUBLEINPRONOUNCINGTHEWORD高级WHOSETURNISITTOBEONDUTYTODAY高级WHENHEHEARDSHEHADDIED,HEWENTPALEWITHSORROW一般SHECANTCORRECTLYPRONOUNCETHEWORD一般WHOWILLBEONDUTYTODAY一般四常见语法错误分析1句子缺谓语1THEBUILDINGLIKEAMATCHBOX2HETOLDMETHATALLMYCLASSMATESSITTINGINTHECLASSROOM1AWORKEROFTHEFARMLEADUSTOTHEFIELD2ALLTHESTUDENTSLIKEBOOKSTHATWASWRITTENBYLUXUN2主谓不一致，尤其是单数第三人称作主语时，谓语的单复数形式出现错误。3时态错误4词性混用1WHENHECAMEBACK,HEFOUNDTHATHISWIFEHASGONETOBED2WHATAREYOUDOINGTHISTIMEYESTERDAY1SHEENJOYSSTUDYENGLISH2IFANYONEAGAINSTTHEPLAN,PLEASELETMEKNOW5介词误用6冠词误用1INMYSURPRISE,HEHASGOTTHEFIRSTPRIZE2HECAMEHERETOATTENDTHEMEETINGBYANEWCAR3DONTREADUNDERTHESUN1WEELECTEDLIHUATHEMONITOROFTHECLASSFIVE2ONCEUPONATIME,THEREWASANONEEYEDLION3THEHISTORYISACTUALLYAVERYINTERESTINGSUBJECT7名词的数混淆8动词用法错误1ITISRARETOSEESUCHANICEWEATHERINBEIJING2THEREISALWAYSTRAFFICJAM1WHEREAREYOUCOMEFROM2WHENIARRIVEDHONGKONG,MYMOTHERWASTHEREWAITINGFORME3HEDIDNTNOTICETHETEACHERTOCOMEINTOTHECLASSROOM4THEACCIDENTWASHAPPENEDIN19999习惯用法错误1THEACTORINTHISMOVIEISVERYBEAUTIFUL2IANDMYPARENTSWEREWORKINGINTHEFIELDSATTHATTIME3THEREASONISBECAUSEHEDOESNOTKNOWWHATTODONEXT五学会使用恰当的关联词1表示平行、对等或选择关系AND，BOTHAND,ASWELLAS,TOGETHERWITH,NEITHERNOR,ALSO,NOTONLYBUTALSO,EITHEROR,ASWELL2表示转折关系BUT,YET,HOWEVER,NEVERTHELESS然而,INSPITEOF,ALTHOUGH,OTHERWISE,WHILE,AFTERALL3表示对比关系4表示因果关系ONTHECONTRARY,INSTEADOF,ONONEHANDONTHEOTHERHAND,JUSTLIKE,UNLIKE,INTHESAMEWAY,ATTHESAMETIMESO,FOR,THEREFORE,ASARESULTOF,BECAUSE,OWINGTO,DUETO,THANKSTO,ONACCOUNT理由OF5表示时间、顺序关系6表示递进、强调关系SHORTLYAFTERWARDS,FIRST,SECOND,THEN,NEXT,FINALLY,FORONETHING,FORANOTHER,INTHEEND,EVENTUALLY最后,终于BESIDES,FURTHERMORE此外,WHATSMORE,INADDITION,MOREOVER而且,WORSESTILL,TOMAKEMATTERSWORSE,INDEED,CERTAINLY,SURELY,ABOVEALL7表示解释、说明关系8表示结论NAMELY也就是,ACTUALLY,SUCHAS,FOREXAMPLE,FORINSTANCE,THATISTOSAY,INOTHERWORDS,ANDSOON,TOTELLYOUTHETRUTH,ACCORDINGTOTHISINSHORT,INBRIEF,INAWORD,INGENERAL,ASYOUKNOW,ASFARASIKNOW,ONTHEWHOLE,INCONCLUSION,ATLAST,FINALLY一二三原则领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。1）FIRST,SECOND,THIRD,LAST（不推荐，原因俗）2）FIRSTLY,SECONDLY,THIRDLY,FINALLY（不推荐，原因俗）3）THEFIRST,THESECOND,THETHIRD,THELAST（不推荐，原因俗）4）INTHEFIRSTPLACE,INTHESECONDPLACE,INTHETHIRDPLACE,LASTLY（不推荐，原因俗）5）TOBEGINWITH,THEN,FURTHERMORE,FINALLY（强烈推荐）6）TOSTARTWITH,NEXT,INADDITION,FINALLY（强烈推荐）7）FIRSTANDFOREMOST,BESIDES,LASTBUTNOTLEAST（强烈推荐）8）MOSTIMPORTANTOFALL,MOREOVER,FINALLY9）ONTHEONEHAND,ONTHEOTHERHAND（适用于两点的情况）10）FORONETHING,FORANOTHERTHING（适用于两点的情况）初春的一天，你们组织了一次保护环境，清理废弃物的活动，请用英语把图中的事写成日记。初春的一天，你们组织了一次保护环境，清理废弃物的活动，请用英语把图中的事写成日记。EARLYINTHE