英语毕业论文-英汉言语交际中面子观的对比研究

四川师范大学文理学院本科毕业论文ACONTRASTIVESTUDYOFFACEINENGLISHANDCHINESEVERBALCOMMUNICATION英汉言语交际中面子观的对比研究学生姓名院系名称外国语学院专业名称英语（翻译）班级学号指导教师（副教授）英汉言语交际中面子观的对比研究摘要在当今的全球化时代，中国人与西方人之间频繁的跨文化交际是空前的。但是，中西方人们不同的面子观会给双方之间的相互交流和相互理解造成障碍。中国人总是尽力维护他们自己的公众形象，比较注重人的谦逊品质，而西方人尽力避免伤害到双方的积极面子，他们比较看重人与人之间的平等。鉴于此，本人借鉴前人的研究对英汉面子观进行阐述和归纳，并在此基础上从称呼、请求、致谢、恭维和道歉等五个方面对英汉语言交际中的面子观进行对比研究。本文主要讨论了中西方面子观的差异以及这些差异在言语交际方方面面的体现。此外，本文还探究了面子观差异缩小的趋势并为避免由不同面子观而引起的冲突提供一些建议。希望本文的研究可以让人们认识到英汉面子观的重要性并帮助他们在英汉交际中提高跨文化意识。关键词面子；面子观；言语交际；建议ACONTRASTIVESTUDYOFFACEINENGLISHANDCHINESEVERBALCOMMUNICATIONABSTRACTINTHEERAOFGLOBALIZATION,THEFREQUENCYOFCHINESEPEOPLESINTERCULTURALCOMMUNICATIONWITHWESTERNERSISUNPRECEDENTEDLYHIGHHOWEVER,THEREARESOMEBARRIERSCAUSEDBYDIFFERENTFACEPERCEPTIONBETWEENCHINESEPEOPLEANDWESTERNERSTOTHEMUTUALCOMMUNICATIONANDUNDERSTANDINGBETWEENTHEMCHINESEPEOPLEALWAYSTRYTOMAINTAINTHEIRPUBLICIMAGEANDEMPHASIZEMODESTY,BUTWESTERNERSTRYNOTTOHARMTHEBOTHSIDESPOSITIVEFACEANDEMPHASIZEONEQUALITYINVIEWOFTHIS,THISPAPERINTERPRETSANDSUMMARIZESTHECHARACTERISTICSANDCLASSIFICATIONOFFACEVIEWBYREFERRINGTOTHEPREVIOUSRESEARCHATTEMPTINGTOMAKEACOMPARATIVESTUDYONFACEINENGLISHANDCHINESEINVERBALCOMMUNICATIONFROMADDRESSINGTERMS,REQUESTS,THANKS,COMPLIMENTSANDAPOLOGIESTHISPAPERMAINLYTALKSABOUTTHEDIFFERENCESBETWEENCHINESEFACEVIEWANDWESTERNFACEVIEWANDANALYZESTHEIRMANIFESTATIONINENGLISHANDCHINESEVERBALCOMMUNICATIONINADDITION,THISPAPERALSOEXPLORESTHEDIFFERENCENARROWINGTRENDOFFACECONSIDERATIONANDPROVIDESSUGGESTIONSTOAVOIDCONFLICTSCAUSEDBYDIFFERENTFACEVIEWSINHOPESTHATITCANMAKEPEOPLEREALIZETHEIMPORTANCEOFFACEVIEWANDHELPTHEMINCREASETHEIRINTERCULTURALAWARENESSWHENUSINGFACEVIEWKEYWORDSFACEFACEVIEWVERBALCOMMUNICATIONSUGGESTIONSCONTENTSINTRODUCTION1PARTCONNOTATIONOFFACE311CHINESEFACEVIEW3111GOODPUBLICIMAGE3112COLLECTIVISM3113EMPHASISONMODESTY412WESTERNFACEVIEW4121POSITIVEFACEANDNEGATIVEFACE5122INDIVIDUALISMANDPERSONALITY5123CONCEPTIONOFEQUALITY6PARTDIFFERENTFACEVIEWINENGLISHANDCHINESEVERBALCOMMUNICATION721RANKIDEASVSEQUALITY7211MANIFESTATIONINADDRESSINGTERMS7212MANIFESTATIONINREQUESTS8213MANIFESTATIONINTHANKS822EMPHASISONMODESTYVSEMPHASISONPERSONALITY9221MANIFESTATIONINCOMPLIMENTSMEANWHILE,THENUMBERISUSEDTOSHOWAGE,SUCHAS二哥（ERGE），三妹（SANMEI）QUITEDISTINCTFROMCHINESE,THEFORMSLIKE“SECONDELDERBROTHER”,“THIRDYOUNGERSISTER”ARENOTEMPLOYEDINENGLISHTHISREVEALSTHATTHEWESTERNSOCIETYPURSUESEQUALITYVERYMUCHWHILEINCHINA,THETRADITIONALTHOUGHT“长幼有序（THERANKIDEAS）”HASAGREATIMPACTONUS212MANIFESTATIONINREQUESTSTHEWAYINWHICHCHINESEPEOPLEIMPLEMENTTHEIRREQUESTSISEITHERTOODIRECTORTOOINDIRECTTHEPEOPLEINAHIGHERSTATUSORANOLDAGEASKOTHERSWHOISINALOWSTATUSORTHEYOUNGTODOSOMETHINGDIRECTLYONTHEOTHERHAND,ITISINDIRECTTOREQUESTTHEOLDORTHEONEINAHIGHERSTATUSFOREXAMPLES,THEPRESIDENTTOLDHISSECRETARY,“XIAOZHANG,COPYTHISMATERIALFORME”AFATHERMAYSAY,“OH,SON,BUYMEAPACKOFCIGARETTES”BUTSUCHDIRECTREQUESTINGSPEECHACTSMAYBERUDETOTHEENGLISHONTHEOTHERHAND,ITMAYNOTBEEASYANDREASONABLETODOSOMEREQUIREMENTSONTHEONEINAHIGHERSTATUSHENCE,THEREQUESTERSHOULDBEIMPLICITANDINDIRECTBEFORETHEYMAKEAREQUEST,THEYWILLBUILDAFRAMEOFCONTEXTSOTHATTHEREQUESTSSEEMREASONABLEORTHELISTENERSWILLHAVEAPREPARATIONFORINSTANCE,WECANNOTSAY,“IWANTTOASKFORLEAVE”INSTEAD,WEMAYSAY,“OUCH,IHAVEAHEADACHETODAY”TOOINDIRECTREQUESTINGWAYMAYMAKETHEENGLISHPUZZLEDTHEYWILLTHINKWEHAVEOTHERINTENTIONSWHENAPPLYINGREQUESTSPEECHACTS,THEENGLISHANDTHECHINESEMAYALLBEINDIRECTBUTTHEIRREASONSAREDIFFERENTFORTHETRADITIONALTHINKINGMETHOD,THECHINESEWILLTRYTHEIRBESTNOTTODAMAGEOTHERSFACEFORTHEPERSONALORIENTATION,TOBEIMPLICITANDNOTGIVINGOTHERSANENFORCINGFEELINGARETHEFIRSTFACTORSTHEENGLISHWANTTOTAKEINTOACCOUNT213MANIFESTATIONINTHANKSTHEEXPRESSION“THANKYOU”ISUSEDBOTHINENGLISHANDCHINESETOSHOWGRATITUDE,ANDITISTRUETHATENGLISHSPEAKERSUSE“THANKYOU”MOREFREQUENTLYTHANTHECHINESEINENGLISH,“THANKYOU”ISUSEDFREQUENTLYAFTERRECEIVINGHELP,OFFER,PRAISE,GIFT,ANDSOON,ANDITSEEMSTOHAVEBECOMEANINSTINCTIVERESPONSESHOWINGPOLITENESS“THANKYOU”ISUSEDINALMOSTEVERYCIRCUMSTANCE，NOMATTERWHETHERTHEPERSONSARESTRANGERSORINTIMATEFRIENDSDIFFERENTLY,INCHINESE,THEUSEOF“THANKYOU”DEPENDSONTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENTHESPEAKERSHOWEVER,MISUNDERSTANDINGMAYRESULTFROMTHISDIFFERENCEENGLISHSPEAKERSMAYASSUMETHATCHINESEAREUNGRATEFULORIMPOLITE,WHILECHINESEMAYALSOASSUMETHATITISDIFFICULTTOMAINTAINACLOSERELATIONSHIPWITHFOREIGNERSHEREISANEXAMPLEACHINESESTUDENTASKEDANAMERICANTEACHERTOCORRECTHISENGLISHCOMPOSITIONTHEAMERICANTEACHERTOOKMUCHTIMETOFINISHCORRECTING,ANDTHESTUDENTSINCERELYSAID,“浪费了您那么多宝贵的时间，真不好意思。”SORRYTOWASTEYOUSOMUCHPRECIOUSTIMETHEAMERICANTEACHERSFACESUDDENLYBECAMESERIOUS,FORHETHOUGHTTHESTUDENTREGARDEDHISWORKASWASTEOFTIMEINFACT,THESTUDENTCOULDJUSTSIMPLYSAYACCORDINGTOAMERICANSCUSTOM,“IREALLYAPPRECIATEYOURWORK”22EMPHASISONMODESTYVSEMPHASISONPERSONALITY221MANIFESTATIONINCOMPLIMENTSTHEBALLWASTHEOBJECTIVETOSCORE,THEBALLHADTOBESHOTTHROUGHAHORIZONTAL,ELEVATEDGOALTHETEAMWITHTHEMOSTPOINTSATTHEENDOFANALLOTTEDTIMEPERIODWINSEARLYINTHEHISTORYOFBASKETBALL,THELOCALYMCASPROVIDEDTHEGYMNASIUMS,ANDMEMBERSHIPINTHEORGANIZATIONGREWRAPIDLYTHESIZEOFTHELOCALGYMDICTATEDTHENUMBEROFPLAYERSSMALLE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