high school chemistry calculation methods cross method（高中化学计算方法总结十字交叉法）

HIGHSCHOOLCHEMISTRYCALCULATIONMETHODSCROSSMETHOD（高中化学计算方法总结十字交叉法）THISARTICLEBYSQUANDERINGPYOUTHCONTRIBUTIONDOCDOCUMENTSMAYEXPERIENCEPOORBROWSINGONTHEWAPSIDEITISRECOMMENDEDTHATYOUFIRSTSELECTTXT,ORDOWNLOADTHESOURCEFILETOTHELOCALVIEWMETHODGENERALINTERSECTIONMETHOD,SENIORCHEMISTRYGROUPTHECROSSMETHODISASIMPLEMETHODFORCALCULATINGTHEMEANANDCOMPOSITIONOFTWOCOMPONENTMIXTURESWHERECANM1N1M2N2MN2N2CALCULATIONS,CALCULATEDBYCROSSMETHODINTHEFORMULA,MREPRESENTSANAVERAGEQUANTITYOFTHEMIXTURE,ANDM1ANDM2REPRESENTTHECORRESPONDINGQUANTITIESOFTHETWOCOMPONENTSMSAIDTHEAVERAGEMOLECULARWEIGHT,M1M2,SAIDTHETWOCOMPONENTMOLECULARWEIGHTRESPECTIVELY,N1N2,SAIDTHETWOCOMPONENTSINTHEMIXTUREFORTHESHAREOFN1N2INMOSTCASESSAIDTWOCOMPONENTRATIOOFTHEAMOUNTOFMATERIAL,SOMETIMESITCANBETWOCOMPONENTQUALITYRATIOWHENTHEKEY,JUDGEN1,N2SAIDINAMIXTUREOFWHATPHYSICALQUANTITIESSUCHASSHARE,THEAMOUNTOFSUBSTANCE,MOLARFRACTION,VOLUMEFRACTION,N1N2SAIDTHETWOCOMPONENTSOFTHEMOLARRATIOSUCHASQUALITY,CONTENT,CONTENTELEMENTS,N1N2SAIDTHETWOCOMPONENTSOFQUALITYTHANCROSSMETHODISOFTENUSEDTOCALCULATE1CALCULATEDTHEMASSFRACTION2CALCULATIONOFTHEAVERAGERELATIVEMOLECULARMASS3CALCULATIONOFTHEAVERAGERELATIVEATOMICMASS4CALCULATIONOFTHEAVERAGEMOLECULARFORMULA5THECALCULATIONOFREACTIONHEAT6CALCULATIONOFTHEMIXTUREREACTIONCALCULATIONOFN2M2CROSSMETHODFORMULAASFOLLOWSN1M1MMM1M2MN1/N2M2M/MM1ACALCULATIONOFTHEMASSFRACTIONOF1THELABORATORYWITHADENSITYOFDILUTESULFURICACIDSOLUTIONWITHADENSITYOF14G/CM359SULFURICACIDMIXEDSULFURICACIDWITHDENSITYOF184G/CM39811G/CM315,CONCENTRATEDSULFURICACID,VOLUMERATIOOFTHECLOSESTVALUEISA12B21C32D232INAMIXTUREOFBENZENEANDPHENOL,THEMASSFRACTIONOFCARBONIS90,ANDTHEMASSFRACTIONOFOXYGENINTHEMIXTUREISA25,B5,C65,D75TWOTHECALCULATIONOFTHEAVERAGEMOLECULARWEIGHTOF3UNDERSTANDARDCONDITIONS,THEVOLUMEOF1LDRYFLASKWITHDOWNWARDEXHAUSTAIRFILLEDWITHNH3METHOD,THEMEASUREDGASFLASKOFTHERELATIVEDENSITYOFH2IS97,IFTHEFOUNTAINEXPERIMENTOFTHEGAS,WHENTHEFOUNTAINSOLUTIONVOLUMEFORTHESTOPL4/5LTHEREACTIONMIXTUREWITHHYDROCHLORICACIDHYDROCHLORICACIDREACTIONOF4LI2CO3ANDBACO3OFTHECONSUMEDAMOUNTOFHYDROCHLORICACIDOFTHESAMEQUALITYOFCACO3ANDTHESAMECONCENTRATIONOFCONSUMPTIONISEQUALTOTHEAMOUNTOFHYDROCHLORICACID,LI2CO3ANDBACO3INTHEQUALITYOFTHEMIXTURERATIOOFA35B53C75D57THREECALCULATIONOFTHEAVERAGEATOMICMASSOF5EQUALCRYSTALBORONBY10BAND11BTWOKINDSOFCOMPOSITION,THE54KNOWNGCRYSTALBORONANDH2REACTIONINTODIBORANEB2H6GAS,AVAILABLEINSTANDARDCONDITIONIS56L,A11B13C14INCRYSTALBOROND12TENBANDELEVENBRATIOOFATOMICNUMBEROFTWOISOTOPES6,THEAVERAGERELATIVEATOMICMASSOFCLIS355THENACLCRYSTALSCONSISTOF23NAAND35CLAND37CLPARTICLES,ANDTHEMASSOF37CLIN2925GISG4625GFOURCALCULATIONOFTHEAVERAGEMOLECULARFORMULAOF7INTHE101X105PAAND120DEGC,GASMIXTURECONSISTINGOF1A,LBTWOALKANESFULLYCOMBUSTEDINASUFFICIENTAMOUNTOFO2TOOBTAINTHESAMETEMPERATUREANDPRESSUREOF25LCO2AND35LH2O,ANDAMOLECULESTHANBMOLECULESIN2LESSCARBONATOMSAANDB,TRYTODETERMINETHEMOLECULARFORMULAANDTHEVOLUMERATIOA,BTWOALKANESATROOMTEMPERATUREFORGAS13,318ATROOMTEMPERATURE,AALKANEAANDASINGLEOLEFINBFORMAMIXEDGAS,ANDAORBMOLECULESCONTAINATMOST4CARBONATOMS,ANDTHENUMBEROFCARBONATOMSOFBMOLECULESISMUCHHIGHERTHANTHATOFAMOLECULES1THEMIXTUREOF1LISFULLYCOMBUSTED,25LCO2GASATTHESAMETEMPERATUREANDPRESSURETRYTOINFERALLPOSSIBLECOMBINATIONSOFAANDBANDTHEIRVOLUMERATIOSINTHEORIGINALMIXTURE13,11,11,312TAKE1LAT120DEGCTHEMIXTUREISMIXEDWITH9LOXYGENWHENTHEGASISFULLYBURNED,WHENTHETEMPERATUREISRESTOREDTO120DEGREESANDTHEPRESSUREBEFORECOMBUSTION,THEVOLUMEINCREASESBY625TRYTODETERMINETHEFORMULAOFAANDBBYCALCULATIONC2H6ANDC4H8FIVEABOUT9OFTHETWOKNOWNTHERMOCHEMICALEQUATIONFORCALCULATIONOFREACTIONHEAT2H2GO2G2H2O,L5716KJ/MOL,C3H8G5O2G3CO2,G4H2OL2220KJ/MOL,HYDROGENANDPROPANEMIXEDGASTESTIS5MOL,COMPLETECOMBUSTIONHEATRELEASE3847KJ,MIXEDHYDROGENANDPROPANEGASVOLUMERATIOISA13B31C14D11SIXCALCULATETHEMIXTUREMIXTUREREACTIONTO10NACLAND05NABRGSOLUTIONAGNO3SOLUTIONTOADDENOUGHWATER,THEPRECIPITATIONFILTRATION,WASHING,DRYING,ANDFINALLYGETTHESILVERHALIDEIS110G,THEMASSFRACTIONOFNACLINTHEORIGINALMIXTUREISSIXTYTHE11KNOWNWHITEPHOSPHORUSANDOXYGENCANOCCURFOLLOWINGREACTIONSP43O2P4O6,P4O10,P45O2THEADDITIONOF62GAND504LOXYGENWHITEPHOSPHORUSINASEALEDCONTAINERSTANDARDCONDITIONS,SOASTOCOMPLETEREACTION,P4O10ANDP4O6ARETHEMOLARRATIOOFA13TOSEVEN12OFTHE100GPRACTICENA2CO3ANDNAHCO3MIXTUREWITHSUFFICIENTHCL,RELEASED224LSTANDARDCONDITIONCO2,THEMASSFRACTIONOFNA2CO3ISORIGINALINTHEMIXTUREIS77113AMIXTUREOFELECTROLYZEDWATERANDHEAVYWATER,185G,EMITSGAS336LSTANDARDCONDITION,ANDTHERATIOOFDTOHATOMSINTHERESULTINGGASIS1314ETHYLENEANDACETYLENEGASISXML,THECOMBUSTIONINTHEAIR,O2YMLCOMMONTOTHESAMECONDITIONS,MIXEDETHYLENEANDACETYLENEGASINTHEVOLUMERATIOISA2XY/3XYB2XY/YXC2Y5X/6X2YDY2X/X2YB31C32D11AGASMIXTURECONSISTINGOF15OLEFINSANDALKANESONTHERELATIVEDENSITYOFH2IS12,THENTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENOLEFINMIXTURESINTHEVOLUMEFRACTIONOFXANDOLEFINMOLECULARCARBONATOMNUMBERNISAN4BN412X/7X12X/7XCX4/D7N8CANNOTBEDETERMINEDCROSSSOLUTIONCALCULATETHEMASSFRACTIONOF1WITH98XSULFURICACIDG,WITH15SULFURICACIDYGACCORDINGTOTHESOLUTEMASSCONSERVATIONAVAILABLE98X15Y59XY,XANDYRATIOISTHERATIOOFSOLUTIONQUALITYBYTHECROSSCANBEOBTAINEDX/Y44/39ANDTHENCONVERTEDINTOVOLUMERATIOOF44/18439/112/32MC6H678,INWHICHTHECARBONMASSFRACTIONISC72/78923MC6H6O94,INWHICHTHECARBONMASSFRACTIONISC72/94766THEMASSFRACTIONOFPHENOLINTHEMIXTURECANBEOBTAINEDACCORDINGTOTHEMASSCONSERVATIONOFCARBONANDTHECROSSMETHOD,ANDTHENTHEMASSFRACTIONOFOXYGENCANBEFURTHEROBTAINEDMC6H6O/MC6H623/134O2316/92/2313425O19013/12TWO3MCALCULATIONABOUTTHEAVERAGEMOLECULARWEIGHT2X9719417,MIXEDWITHAIRACCORDINGTOTHECONSERVATIONOFMASSANDTHECROSSMETHODCANBEOBTAINEDNNH3/NAIR96/244/1SOTHEFLASKCONTAINSNH3VOLUME4/5LTHEAIRISINSOLUBLEINWATERWHENTHEFOUNTAINSTOPS,THESOLUTIONINTHEFLASKIS4/5L474X197Y100XY,BYCROSSMETHODAVAILABLEX/Y97/26SOTHEQUALITYRATIOOFMLI2CO3/MBACO397X74/261977/5THREETHECALCULATIONOFTHEAVERAGERELATIVEATOMICMASS5NB2H656/224025MOL,NB025205MOLMB54/05108G/MOL,N10B/N11B02/081/46NNACL2925/58505MOL,N37CL/N35CL05/151/3M37CL051/4374625G四有关平均分子式的计算7由C和H的原子守恒以及十字交叉法可得平均分子式为MC25H7VCH4/VC3H81/3,VC2H6/VC4H103/181由C原子守恒和十字交叉法可得平均分子式为MC