[毕业设计]超声波清洗机设计及制造(完美整理版)

1目录引言3第一章超声波清洗机原理与结构4第一节超声波清洗的原理和特点4第二节超声波清洗机的结构和参数设定5第二章超声波发生器设计6第一节超声波发生器的选择6第二节超声波振荡器设计7第三节超声波放大器设计8第四节高频驱动和匹配电路10第三章超声波换能器计11第一节换能器的选择11第二节换能器设计计算（此处删除500字）12第四章清洗槽计16参考献17附录一工艺规程制订与并行工程附录二PROCESSPLANNINGANDCONCURRENTENGINEERING2超声波清洗机摘要A1A0A2A3A4A5A6A8A7A10A9A12A7A13A11A14A16A17A15A18A19A20A21A22A23A24A25A26A27A28A30A31A29A32A33A34A36A24A35A37A38A37A39A40A41A42A43A44A45A46A47A39A48A42A37A38A49A50A48A42A51A52A37A53A42A54A37A39A42A55A56A57A58A59A39A60A61A62A63A40A41A64A24A35A43A44A65A66A42A67A68A42A69A70A69A71A72A48A42A73A69A74A58A39A42A75A76A77A78A79A62A63A50A48A16A28A80A81A82A62A77A46A83A84A48A16A85A80A86A87A50A48A61A88A80A89A90A57A91A92A39A63A93A94A24A35A43A44A95A96A97A98A42A99A98A77A100A42A91A24A101A102A39A103A42A104A49A57A86A19A39A105A60A61A106A107A108A109A20A110A111A59A43A44A62A112A113A23A24A35A114A115A64A116A105A57A117A118A119A44A20A120A121A24A105A30A122A123A124A125A117A96A62A37A123A124A16A126A74A127A37A128A129A130A131A132A133A20A110A111A59A134A135A39A136A110A111A137A37A138A139A140A141A133A62A63A138A82A16A142A143A47A64A123A120A110A111A59A138A82A21A144A43A44A30A145A24A110A111A59A146A147A148A97A149A47A150A151A152A153A154A155A43A44A156A151A138A82A157A123A120A158A159A160A161A16A122A43A44A93A162A163A164A165A120A121A24A105A166A167A142A43A44A166A168A20A169A170A16A171A43A44A172A173A174A175A176A177A30A178A96A179A117A11A180A181A114A37A16A135A182A153A183A184A185A186A187A20A114A188A189A82A64A190A191A192A193A30关键词A110A111A59A61A43A44A62A61A134A135A393ULTRASONICWASHERABSTRACTULTRASONICCLEANINGBEGANINTHEEARLY1950S,WITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTECHNOLOGYAPPLICATIONWIDENINGCURRENTLYHASBEENWIDELYUSEDINELECTRONICINDUSTRY,SEMICONDUCTORDEVICE,CLEANINGTUBEPARTSANDPRINTINGCIRCUIT,RELAYS,SWITCHESANDFILTERETCMECHANICALINDUSTRYFORTHECLEANINGGEARS,BEARINGS,DIESELOIL,FUELFILTER,VALVESANDOTHERMECHANICALPARTS,SUCHASENGINEANDMISSILECOMPONENTS,SUCHASWATCHOFSMALLPARTS,AGAIN,SUCHASOPTICALANDMEDICALEQUIPMENTUSEDFORWASHINGVARIOUSASPECTSLENS,GLASSESANDFRAME,GLASSWARE,MEDICALANDSURGICALINSTRUMENTS,ETCADJUSTEDTHEDESIGNOFULTRASONICCLEANINGMACHINEISMAINLYUSEDINTHEFAMILYOFKITCHENUTENSILSANDAPPLIANCESANDSOMEDIFFICULTLIFEWASHINGTHISPRODUCTISAKINDOFMECHANICALANDELECTRICALPRODUCTS,THROUGHTHEPIEZOELECTRICMATERIALSMADEOFULTRASONICTRANSDUCERWILLEXCEEDAUDIOELECTRICALOSCILLATIONINTOMECHANICALVIBRATION,ULTRASONICVIBRATIONINLIQUIDINCLEANINGUSINGULTRASONICCANPENETRATESOLIDMATERIALANDMAKETHECLEANINGMEDIUMVIBRATIONANDPRODUCECAVITATIONBUBBLES,THECLEANINGMETHODFORANYLIFEAPPLIANCEDOESNOTEXISTINACORNER,ANDNOTCLEANEDCLEANCLEANLINESSISVERYHIGHTHISNEWGENERATIONOFFASHIONABLEHOMEAPPLIANCE,CANMAKEPEOPLEFROMTHEHOUSEWORKKEYWORDSULTRASONIC,CLEANER,TRANSDUCER4引言超声波是一种超过人类听力频率范围的声波，具有频率高、方向性准、穿透能力强等特点，广泛应用于清洗、距离测量、医学等领域。超声清洗始于2O世纪5O年代初，开始主要用于电子、光学和医药等领域，作为一项实用性很强的技术，其应用场所广泛，涉及到大的机械零部件，小半导体器件的清洗等，常常称作G256G7092G2059清洗G257。超声波清洗的主要特点是G17907G5242G5567、G6940G7536G3921、G4493G7143实G10628G5049G1006G6523G2058等G19036G4557G3809G7446G5049件G15932G19766，G3926G12366G12360、G1997G1996处，G7234G17902清洗方G8873很G19602实G10628，G13792G18331用超声波G4613G2499G1209G14731G5483很G3921的G6940G7536。G19555G11540声G2282学的G1998G10628G994应用，G1889配G2524G1363用G17878G5415的G9354G9094，G16855节清洗G9094G18252G11909G5242等，清洗G6940G7536G7368G39215第一章超声波清洗机原理与结构11超声波清洗的原理和特点G3282G20是超声波清洗的原理G3282，换能器G4570超声频电能G17728换G6116机械振动G5194G17902过清洗G8145G3733向G11439G3324G8145G1025的清洗G9094G17764G4568超声波。G4396G3324于G9094体G1025的G5506G8680G8885G11称为G12366G2282G7692G12G3324声波的作用G991振动，G5415声G2399G6122声强G17810到一定G1552G7114，G8680G8885G17817G17907G3698G19283，G9994G2530G12373G9994G19393G2524。G3324G8680G8885G19393G2524G7114，G1147生G1926G1999波，G3324G8680G8885G2620围G1147生G20G19一G20G19G51G68的G2399力及G4628部高G9213，G17837种G10301理G10628G16949称为超声G12366G2282。G12366G2282所G1147生的G5052大G2399力能G11784G3363G993G9354性G8757G10301G13792G1363G4439G1216G2010G6967于G9354G9094G1025。G14988G8785G3423G12366G2282G4557G8757G3446G4630的G11464G6521G2465G3809G1926G1999，一方G19766G11784G3363G8757G10301G994清洗件G15932G19766的G2572G19480，G2490一方G19766G1075G1262G5353G17227G8757G10301G4630的G11142G2183G11784G3363G13792G14085离。G8680体G3423G8680G8885的振动G4557固体G15932G19766进行擦洗，G8757G4630一旦有缝G2499钻，G8680G8885还能G256钻入G257裂缝作振动，G1363G8757G3446G14085落。由于G12366G2282作用，两种G9094体G3324界G19766G17817G17907G2010G6967G13792乳G2282，G5415固体粒子被油G8757裹G11540G13792G19480G3324清洗件G15932G19766G7114，油被乳G2282，固体粒子自行G14085落。超声G3324清洗G9094G1025传播G7114G1262G1147生正负交变的声G2399，G1926G1999清洗件，同G7114由于非线形G6940应G1262G1147生声流和G5506声流，G13792超声G12366G2282G3324固体和G9094体界G19766上G1262G1147生高G17907的G5506声流，所有G17837些作用能够G11784G3363G8757G10301，除去G6122削弱边界G8757G4630，G3698加搅拌、扩G6967作用，加G17907G2499G9354性G8757G10301的G9354解，强G2282G2282学清洗剂的清洗作用。G3282G20超声波清洗机原理G3282由此G2499见，凡是G9094体能浸到声场G4396G3324的地方都有清洗作用，G13792且清洗G17907G5242G5567、质量高，特别G17878G2524于清洗件G15932G19766形状G3809G7446，G3926G12366G12360、狭缝等的细致清洗，G7143于实G10628清洗自动G2282。G4557一般的除油、防锈、磷G2282等G5049艺过程，G3324超声波作用G991只6需两三G2010钟即G2499完G6116，其G17907G5242比传统方G8873G2499提高几倍到几十倍，清洁G5242G1075G17810到高标准。G3324某些场G2524G991G2499G1209用水剂代替有机G9354剂进行清洗，G6122降低G18252G11909的浓G5242。G4557于一些有损人体健康的清洗，G3926清洗放G4568性G8757G10301G2499G1209实G10628遥G6523和自动G2282清洗。超声清洗也有其局限性，例如对声波反射强的材料如金属、陶瓷和玻璃等清洗效果好，而对声波吸收大的材料如布料、橡胶以及粘度大的污物清洗效果差。12超声波清洗机的结构和参数设定G11G20G12超声波清洗机结构设计超声波清洗机主要由超声波发生器、超声换能器和清洗G8145组G6116，其结构G3926G3282G20。超声波发生器G45705G19HZ的交流电G17728换G6116超声频电振荡信号G2530，G17902过电缆输送给超声换能器。清洗G8145是G11439放清洗G9094和被清洗零部件的G4493器。G112G12参数设定为了实G10628超声波清洗的高G6940率，应G5415选择最佳的声强、频率及清洗G8145声场G2010布等参数。G5049作频率选G33242G195G19KHZ之间。低频声波的G12366G2282G8680G8885大、数量少，G7143于清洗较粗糙G10301品。高频声波G12366G2282G8680G8885小、数量多，G7143于清洗精细且形状G3809G7446的G10301品。本超声波清洗机用于清洗较粗糙的生活用具，所G1209G18331用低频2G19KHZ。清洗G9094G18331用碳氢清洗G9094，碳氢清洗G9094具有G1209G991特点清洗性能G3921，G14988发损失小，G7092毒，材料相G4493性G3921，G993G11784G3363环境，价格便宜。7第二章超声波发生器设计21超声波发生器的选择超声波发生器也称作超声电源，G4439是一种用G1209G1147生超声频电能G5194向超声换能器提供的装G13634。G6365G10043所G18331用的G5049作原理，G2499G1209G6238超声波发生器G2010为G8181G6323电路和数字电路两大类。G8181G6323电路超声波发生器G2460G2010为振荡一放大G3423和G17882变G3423两种。本设计G18331用振荡一放大G3423超声波发生器，其结构G7706G3282G3926G32822所G12046。G4439是一G1022G5114有振荡电路的放大器，由振荡、放大、匹配电路和电G9316组G6116。振荡器G1147生一定频率的信号，放大器G4570其放大到一定的G2163率输G1998。G17810到最佳负G17745G1552，G17902过输G1998变G2399器进行G19471G6251匹配，G5194G17902过G2163放输G1998。G32822振荡G16放大G3423超声波发生器结构G7706G3282振荡G7477件G1186结构上G11487，正G5370波振荡器G4613是一G1022G8821有输入信号的、G5114选频G13605G13488的正G2465G20316放大器。G3282G22G15932G12046G6521正G2465G20316G7114放大器G3324输入信号1XG32G19G7114的方G7706G3282，G12628G2282G991G5483G3282G23。由G3282G23G2499G11705，G3926G7536G3324放大器输入G12483G20G3818G6521一定频率，一定G5145G5242的正G5370波信号G59G68，G13475过G3534本放大器和G2465G20316G13605G13488所构G6116的环路输G1998G2530，G3324G2465G20316G13605G13488的输G1998G124832G5483到G2465G20316信号G59G73G994G59G68G3324大小和相G1313上都一致，G2029G2499G1209除去G3818G6521信号G59G68，G4570G20、A194A195A196A197A198A196A199A200A196A201A202A203A204A205A206A19682两G12483G17842G6521G3324一G17227G11G3926G3282G1025G15406线所G12046G12G13792形G6116G19393环G13007统，其输G1998G12483G2499G13499G13505G13512G6357G994开环G7114一G7691的输入信号，即FXG32AX。G3282G22正G5370波振荡器方G7706G3282G3282G23正G5370波振荡器方G7706G3282AFG729AFG7291振G5145G5191G15925G7477件AFA207A208A209A210A211A212AA213A214A215A216A217A212FA2139和AG14FG322G81PIG81G32G19G15G20G152G15G22G258G258相G1313G5191G15925G7477件G17837两G1022G5347子是正G5370波振荡器G1147生G6357G13505振荡的两G1022G5529要G7477件。振荡器的振荡频率FG19是由相G1313G5191G15925G7477件G1927定的。一G1022正G5370波振荡器只G3324某一G1022频率G991G9397G17287相G1313G5191G15925G7477件，G17837G1022频率G4613是G73G19G15G17837G4613是要G8726G3324AF环路G1025G2265G2559一G1022具有选频特性的G13605G13488。G4439G2499G1209设G13634G3324放大器G36G1025，G1075G2499G1209设G13634G3324G2465G20316G13605G13488G41G1025，G4439G2499G1209用G53、G38G1815件组G6116，G1075G2499G1209用G47、G38G1815件组G6116。G8454G1363振荡器能自行G5326G12447振荡，G4613G5529G20047G9397G17287AFG730G20的G7477件。G17837G7691G3324G6521G17902电G9316G2530，振荡器G4613G2499G1209自行G17227振，最G2530G17247于G12295G5589G5191G15925。22超声波振荡器设计由于G55G47G23G28G23价格便宜G13792且性能G1260G17246，设计G18331用由开G1863G12295G2399G3371G55G47G23G28G23构G6116的振荡器。振荡器电路见G32825G32825振荡器电路G328210G4570G55G47G23G28G23的5G14062G11G38G55G12和G25G14062G11G53G55G12G6521定G7114G1815件电G19471G53和电G4493G70，即G2499G17227振，振荡器G5049作频率由G991G5347G1927定FG3261081714210RCG11ZHG12由于频率选为2G19KZH由上G1856G5347G5483G53G38G32G19G175G285G27G1046101SG15振荡器输G1998方波的G2356G12366比是换能器G1147生的超声波强G5242的G1927定G3252G13044。G17902过给G55G47G23G28G23的G23G14062加G1209一定的G11464流电G2399G4613G2499实G10628G2356G12366比G16855G6984。定G7114G1815件由电G4493G38、电G19471G53G20和电G1313器G532构G6116，G16855节电G1313器G532即G2499实G10628频率的G16855G6984。本机供电电G9316为G202G57，G18331用的是G6524G6417G5049作方G5347。电G19471G53G22G11G20G19KG52G12和电G1313器G53G23G11G20G19KG52G12构G6116G2010G2399电路，G8527G2318G7114间G6523G2058G12483的电G1313应界于2G7145G7945G57之间。G16855节电G1313器G53G23G1146G2499实G10628超声波的强G5242G16855节。23超声波放大器设计（G20）超声波放大器的选择超声波放大器的作用是G4570振荡信号放大G14279所需电G5191。放大部G2010G2499G1209是G2345G13435的，G1075G2499G1209是多G13435的，主要G11487输G1998G2163率的需要。G7101G7411的超声波发生器G1363用电子G12661G1582放大器件，G10628G3324G2029G7234G17953G18331用G7242体G12661（三G7509G12661、场G6940应G12661和G44G37G42G55器件）。G17829年G7481G17246G7481G17246多的G2390G4490G18331用G2163率G19610G6116电路G1582超声波发生器的放大器件。G11458G2081G5049G1006上广泛G1363用的超声波发生器G3534本上被G7242体G12661电路G3416G7041。G994电子G12661发生器相比，G7242体G12661发生器的G1260点G3324于体G12227小、G18337量轻、G6940率高。但G1186G2490一方G19766讲由于受到方向G1999穿电G2399、最大G19610电G7509电流、最大G19610电G7509耗G6967G2163率参数的限G2058，通常一对晶体管的最大输出功率只能达到百瓦级。要提高G7242体G12661发生器的输G1998能力，除了有赖于高性能器件G3818，还G5529G20047G18331用高G6940率的电路。传统的甲类、乙类、丙类放大器是G6238有G9316器件作为电流G9316G5049作。G3324G17837些放大器G1025，G7242体G12661G5049作G3324伏安特性曲线的有G9316G2318。G19610电G7509电流受G3534G7509激励信号G6523G2058作相应变G2282。G112G12低G2399驱动电路本机G18331用高G2399小电流G2163放电路，由两只三G7509G12661和耦G2524变G2399器构G6116，见G3282G25。为了避免两只G2163放G12661同G7114导G17902，导致内部G2163耗G3698加，两G12661的导G17902G7114间G5529G20047错开，G1363G4439G1216G3324交替G5049作G7114有一段同G7114截止的G7114间。为此，三G7509G12661G51G20和G512G4557振荡器的输G1998作G2465相处理，三G7509G12661选用G51NG51G3423的G2755G19。低G2399驱动电路所用的电G9316是G11464流11G202G57，G13792G2163放电路的电G9316是交流22G19G57，G3324三G7509G12661G2530加入一G1022耦G2524变G2399器，完G6116高低G2399隔离的任务。G3282G25低G2399驱动电路G3282G11G22G12G2163放匹配电路G2163放电路G3926G32827所G12046。电路由两G1022G57MOSG2163率场G6940应G126612SK7G28G20构G6116。具有线性G5242高、频率响应G3921、开G1863G17907G5242G5567等G1260点，是理想的开G1863G1815件。但其G1863G7041特性G3324电流小G7114G5194G993理想，G991降沿有拖尾。12G32827G2163放电路24高频驱动和匹配电路超声发生器G994一般放大器的一G1022G18337要G2318别G3324于G4439的匹配电路部G2010。一般放大器G994负G17745之间的匹配只牵涉到G19471G6251变换，G13792超声波发生器G994负G17745之间的匹配G2029除了G19471G6251变换之G3818，还有一项很G18337要的内G4493G16855谐，即选用一定G1552的G19471G6251G1815件，G1363之G3324G5049作频率上G994负G17745G1025的电G6251G6116G2010谐振。只有G3324同G7114进行了G19471G6251变换和G16855谐之G2530，G6984G1022G13007统才算是G17810到了匹配，换能器才能正常G5049作。高频驱动和匹配电路G3926G3282G2713G3282G27高频驱动和匹配电路超声波清洗机G1025的匹配电路是G4570发生器输G1998的电能送往换能器的G17902道。匹配电路虽G9994结构G12628G2345G11G17902常只有一G1022匹配电感G12，却具有G18337要作用。相同G3423号的清洗机，匹配G16855G5483G3921的清洗G6940G7536G3921；匹配G16855G5483差的G2029清洗G6940G7536差。G4557同一台机器G13792言，G3926G7536G5049作一段G7114间G2530清洗G6940G7536变差，G6122者换能器G13475过G7368换，都需要G18337新G16855G6984匹配。G994一般电子设备的匹配有所G993同，超声清洗机的匹配除了要解G1927变G19471问题G11即变换负G17745的G19471G1552，G1363之G994发生器的最佳负G17745G1552相等G12G3818，还要解G1927G16855谐问题，即用匹配电感的感G6251抵消换能器的G4493G6251，G1363换能器呈纯G19471性。技术人员G17902常是根据各自的G13475验进行匹配。例G3926，有人G3324改变清洗G8145水G1313G7114观察电流的变G2282，G3926G7536电流变G2282处于一定范围之内，同G7114G12661子G993发热，G12366G2282声强，便认为匹配已G16855G3921。G1075有人让机器G12366G17745G7114稍，G5506呈电感性，G13792G3324加G17745G2530G17728变为纯G19471状G5589。G17837些G13475验都是G17878用的。但G3324已有G13475验的G3534础上，G1889掌握匹配的原理，G4613G2499G1209G3324匹配G7114有的放矢，G7368加主动，G1186G13792收到事半G2163倍的G6940G7536。14第三章超声波换能器设计31换能器的选择用于超声清洗的换能器有两种类G3423G714一是磁致伸缩换能器，G2490一种是G2399电换能器，磁致伸缩换能器G17837种换能器的电声G6940率比较低G714G13792且金属镍材料价格昂贵，G2058造G5049艺G3809G7446，所G1209G11458G2081很少G18331用。还有一种用铁氧体材料G1582G6116的磁致伸缩换能器，虽G9994其电声G6940率比较高，但机械强G5242低，所能承受的电G2163率G4493量小，G3252G13792G11458G2081我国G1075很少应用。G11458G2081我国主要G18331用G2399电换能器，G3252为G17837种换能器的电声G17728换G6940率高G714原材料价格便宜，G13792且便于G2058造G993同的结构，G1209G17878应G993同的清洗要G8726。G2399电换能器G2460有很多种G3926圆柱形、喇叭形等。G13475过G4557比最G2530确定选用喇叭形夹心G2399电换能器作为此次的换能器。换能器是用G7481进行能量G17728换的器件，是G4570一种形G5347的能量G17728换为G2490一种形G5347的能量的装G13634。G3324声学研究领域G1025，换能器主要是指电声换能器，G4439能实G10628电能和声能之间的此处删除500字1COSSINNAN222111SINCOSNNBJNNSINCJ151COSSINND且1/212/NSS）A218KLG19471G6251的G2465变换为DWBZCWA节G19766G3324G2081G2530盖板G19283G5242G9397ANTANWLWLZCCZTAN1NN由上G5347G5483320LMM210LMM13725LMM175DMM260SMMG32829喇叭形换能器结构16G3282G20G19等截G19766细棒G19471G6251变换0000ZSCLZ17第四章清洗槽设计清洗G8145由内G8145和G3818壳组G6116G714内G8145的G3818G15932G19766G11一般G3324G8145底G3818G15932G12粘结超声换能器，G8145内G11439清洗G9094G714G8145一般用耐腐蚀的G993锈钢板G2058G6116，过于厚G1262影响声的G17764G4568G714G8145的内G3733，尤其是粘有换能器的G17764G4568板要G5191G6984抛光，G993能有伤痕，否G2029G7143G1147生G12366G2282腐蚀，缩短G1363用寿命G714为避免被清洗G5049件G11464G6521G994G8145G3733板G6521触G13792划伤，一般用镂G12366吊篮G11G13605篮G12G6122G6915G7562G4570清洗件G5760吊G3324清洗G9094G1025G714G13605篮的G20604G7562应G4625G2499能地小G13792轻，一般用G993锈钢G1009G13546G6116G6122用其G4439G2465G4568声G14403G3921的材料G1582G6116G714结构上要使超声波受阻小而清洗液易于流动G714内G8145的G4622G4556要根据清洗件的大小和形状G13792定G714清洗件的G5647G15932G19766G12227G993应大于内G8145的体G12227G714粘有换能器的G17764G4568板G11G3926G8145底板G12所承受的电G2163率强G5242一般低于G20G7145G58G715G70G802G11用G2399电换能器G7114G714大多数应G3324G19G7145G794G20G90G715G70G802之间G12G714过高的强度会加速辐射板表面的空化腐蚀，同时由于过剧烈的空化所产生的气泡会影响能量传递，使远离辐射面的液体空间声强变弱而达不到均匀清洗的目的G714G3324G7234G17902的清洗G8145G1025，由于液面的反射，在清洗槽中会产生的驻波，G1363G5483G3324G9094体G12366间有些G2318域声G2399最小G11波节处G12，有些地方声G2399最大G11波G14157处G12G13792造G6116清洗G5190G1940程G5242G993G3355G2260G714为G1955少G20559波的形G6116，有G7114清洗G8145的形状要特别设计，G6122G18331G2474其G1194G6526G7057，例G3926G6207频G5049作方G5347G714清洗件G3324G8145G1025的G6502G2027要有一定的间隔，G13792最G12376小的G19766应G7409向换能器的G17764G4568G19766，G1209免G3964G11873声G17764G4568到G6984G1022清洗G8145G12366间内G8145G4622G4556为G23G19G19G104G22G25G19G1042G19G19G80G80，超声波G2163率为5G19G19G10938；G3818G8145G4622G4556为G232G19G104G23G28G19G104G22G27G19G80G80；超声波发生器电路G12677为22G23G104G20G19G19G104G20G225G80G80，由G1857G1022G11464G5464为G23G175G8639G12871的G15758G13453固定。18参考文献A219A220A221A222A223A224A225A226A227A228A229A230A231A219A232A221A225A233A234A229A235A236A237A238A239A240A241A241A242A243A220A244A219A240A221A245A246A247A248A226A227A249A250A251A230A231A219A252A221A248A253A254A255A36A0A1A239A240A241A241A240A243A23A244A219A43A221A44A2A3A47A4A5A225A50A6A228A229A230A231A219A232A221A225A52A7A8A229A235A9A234A236A237A238A239A240A241A241A23A243A220A244A219A56A221A57A10A11A60A12A13A225A50A6A228A229A14A15A219A232A221A225A65A16A229A235A9A234A236A237A238A239A240A241A241A17A243A68A244A219A242A221A69A18A19A225A72A20A230A231A2A21A219A232A221A225A75A22A24A25A236A237A238A239A220A68A26A17A243A23A244A219A23A221A80A27A28A248A83A224A229A235A250A251A29A30A31A32A33A34A35A37A38A39A219A232A221A248A32A254A87A40A239A240A241A241A56A243A240A244A219A17A221A96A41A42A245A45A46A225A101A48A49A248A104A72A51A53A54A55A51A53A54A58A219A232A221A248A110A59A237A112A65A16A9A234A236A237A238A239A240A241A241A242A243A68A24419附录一工艺规程制订与并行工程A61A62A63A64A66A67A70A71A73A61A64A62A63A66A67A74A76A77A78A79A78A81A78A82A78A84A85A86A88A89A78A90A84A90A91A92A79A78A90A93A94A95A113A97A98A99A100A102A103A113A97A105A120A106A107A108A109A111A114A107A99A115A127A128A116A117A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