精度为0.01v、量程为10v的测量直流电压的数字电压表

【一】设计任务与要求设计一个具有如下要求的数字电压表1、精度为001V、量程为10V的测量直流电压的数字电压表，能够自动切换量程并且利用语音系统播报所测的电压值2、当电压超过范围时有提示语音所测电压已超出量程。3、在不测量电压时能有可调节数字时钟并且利用温度传感器系统显示周围温度等功能4、具有输入的保护作用。【二】方案设计与论证采用增强型单片机STC12C5410AD，此单片机自带AD，省去搭建AD转换电路，调试简单。（一）本次采用增强型单片机STC12C5410AD电子设计所用到的功能说明（参考STC12C5410AD系类单片机器件手册）1、增强型单片机STC12C5410AD的AD转换器。（1）AD转换器的结构（2）本次设计中与装换相关的寄存器P1口G8181G6323G18209G13634寄存器P1G480G2656P1G481A1A2A0A2A5A3A4A6A7A8A9A10A4A6A7A8A0A2A11A12A15A0A2A11A2G36G39转换结G7536寄存器G36G39G38G16G39G36G55G36、G36G39G38G16G47G50G582与G36G39中G7041有关的寄存器A16A13A18A14A17A19A20A21A22A23A24A17A19A20A21A23A242、增强型单片机STC12C5410AD的中G7041系统A12A27A25A26A28A29A30A26A28A29A30A33A31A32A34A35A36A31A32A35A36STC12C5410ADA37A27A25A38A39A40A41A42A43A44A37A27A38A39A40A41A453A27A25A46A47本次电子设计G18337要用到G1114G4462时器/计数器中G7041G2656AD转换的中G7041（1）G4462时器/计数器G6523G2058寄存器TCON中G7041（2）AD转换G6523G2058器ADCCONTR中G7041。（3）G3818G18108中G70413、G4462时器G18计数器（1）G4462时器G18计数器G6523G2058寄存器G55G38G50G49（2）G4462时器G18计数器G5049作G8181G5347寄存器G55G48G50G39（3）本次电子设计采用增强型单片机STC12C5410AD中计数器/G4462时器的G5049作G8181G53470。（G1120）G6365设计G1231G2165的要求G2520个G8181G3371的设计。1、G20330G1820能自动切换量程，G11013G1122单片机G2494能G3800G107145VG1209下的电压，所G1209要搭建G2524G17878的电路G4570所测电压的范围G7828测出G7481，G9994G2530G1927G4462G2524G17878的G15940G1955，G4570G15940G1955量G1889程G5219G18336G15929G990。本设计G4570量程设G13634为G1016个G7735G131305V与5V10V。G13475G7609G19417G7044片手册LM339能G5468G3921的G4448G6116电压范围的G7828测，电压范围G7828测出G7481G2530G4613G6466此G1927G4462G7171G2554G15940G1955，G7380简单的G7053G8873G4613G7171电G19471G2010压。G13792G4557G1122精度为001V，G11013G1122STC12C5410AD单片机的AD有G2325G1313G4448G1852能G9397G17287要求。2、G1866次G7171G4466时播报的功能，本设计采用G44G54G391420语音G14467片，G4439采用直G6521G8181G6323存G1660G6228G7427，G2494要G6365G7044片手册所G1901搭建电路并G13546G1901程G5219能G5468G3921的G4448G6116G14467片的G5417G6930音功能。3、G6521G11540数字时钟的设计，本设计G7171直G6521利用STC12C5410AD单片机的G4462时器采用中G7041G8873设计的。考G15397到G4466时G5627要求，G4462时中G7041G5224G16825G7171G1260G1820G13435G7380G20652的，G17837G7691可G1209G4625量G1955G4581时钟G16835G5058，G1306不可G18003G1825，G3252为中G7041G5322G17843G10628G1699的存在，如G7536要G18003G1825中G7041G5322G17843G10628G1699，G2494能G2490G3818设计电路，采用G999G19388的时钟G14467片，不如DS1302、DS12C887等。4、温度G6228的设计采用DS18B20G19610G6116数字温度G14467片，G11840件简单，G1306增G2164G1114G17731件的G5332G19156，G17837种设计G7171G2524G10714的5、具有输入保护作用，可G1209在G8181G6323电压输入端搭建G1120极管限幅电路G4570电压限G2058在一G4462范围内，G1306G7171G17837个电路并不G7171意味G11540你的输入电压可G1209无限大，当超过一G4462范围时，你的G1120极管照烧不G16835，考G15397本设计的电压表主要G7171用G1122低压的测量，所G1209没有考G15397设计复杂的前头保护电路。6、G7380G2530G7171整个系统显示电路，考G15397显示内容并不复杂，可G1209采用1602液晶，利用STC12C5410AD单片机的SPI功能能G5468G3921的G1955G4581线路，同时G4570SPI的数G6466用74LS164转换G6116并行数G6466送给1602显示。【三】硬件电路设计1、G7380小系统电路设计包括复G1313电路、晶振时钟电路、电源电路、G13546程下载G16825电路G990电单片机自动复G1313，G6365下G6365键手动复G1313。G16825电路为晶振电路。G16825电路为电源电路用G47EG39显示G990电状态。C11V2C13C24C25V6T2OUT7R2IN8R2OUT9T2IN10T1IN11R1OUT12R1IN13T1OUT14GND15VCC16U1MAX232C1104C3104C6104C7104C2104162738495J1DB9VCCVCCP30P311234RTG16825电路为G13546程下载电路。2、G1120极管限幅电路10KR4D3DIODE1N4007BT212VVINGNDM2为G1120极管G990限幅电路，输入大G112212VG2530，G1120极管导通G13792被限G2058在12V。3、显示电路12345678910111213141516YJ1602132RW10KGNDGNDGNDR1710GNDVCCVCCP36CLR9CLK8A1B2QA3QB4QC5QD6QE10QF11QG12QH13VCC14GND774LS164168R168R268R368R468R568R668R768R8VCCP15P1712TX1P15P1712TX3LCDENLCDEN4、语音播报与报警电路A01A12A23A34A45A56NC7NC8A69A710NC11VSSD12VSSA13SP14SP15VCCA16MIC17MICREF18AGC19ANAIN20ANAOUT21NC22PLAYL23PLAYE24RECLED25XCLK26REC27VCCD28ISD1420GND123456TX6VCCVCCC101UF100KR11100KR12100KR13VCC12TX2D5VCC1KR10GND100KR14C401UFC301UFMK1MIC2GNDC501UF2KR1510KR16VCC22UFC6GND12TX5GNDR1847KGND123Q18550LS1BELLVCC12TX4附语音G5417G6930程G5219INCLUDE“G54G55G3812G385410G36G39H“DEFINEUINT8UNSIGNEDCHARSBITRECP10SBITPLYP11UINT8CODEG55G36BG5420X0C,0X0FG18G18当前电压、超过量程UINT8CODEG55G36B0X00,0X01,0X02,0X03,0X04,0X05,0X06,0X07,0X08,0X09,0X0A,0X0BVOIDDELAYUINT16DLYUINT8JWHILEDLYG16G16FORJ0J10时，G50UG551G50UG5521Q1、Q2不通，G36G39不G6521。综G990所述，本设计G4570G50UG551、G50UG552取反G2010别G6521G54G55G3812G385410G36G39的G3818G18108中G70411、G3818G18108中G70410，同时G50UG551、G50UG552与非G2530又产生一信号，程G5219中便可G1209利用G17837三个信号G13546G1901。【四】硬件制版图A48A49A50A49A50STC12C5410ADA51A52A53A54A55A52A53电路保护系统语音系统【五】作品实物图【六】软件设计程G5219流程图如下NYYNYNNYYNNYNYNYSPIA56A57A581602A56A57A58ADA56A57A58A59A60A610A56A57A58A62A63A64A650A56A57A58A62A63A64A651A56A57A58A66A67A60A68A69A70A71A72A73A74A75A76A77A78A79A80A81A69A78A82A83A84A85A86ADA87A88A89A60A90A91A69A66A67A72A73A82A72A73A92A93A76A77A72A73A94A95A76A77A96A97A66A67A62A63A64A650A98A99A100A101A102A66A67VOLTAGE10VA103A104A91A105A106A107A108A90A91A62A63A64A65A92A93A76A77A96A97A66A67A64A65A109A110A100A101A102A1111A76A77A85A86ADNYNYA89A60A90A91A69A66A67A72A73A82A72A73A92A93A76A77A72A73A94A95A76A77A64A65A109A110A96A97A66A67A72A73A112A1135VA76A77A85A86ADA89A60A90A91A69A66A67A72A73A82A85A86ADA89A60A90A91A69A66A67A72A73A82A59A60A610A64A65A114A97A115A56A821SA116A76A77A117A118A64A65A119A120A100A101A102A1111A77A96A97A60A68A66A67A96A97A70A71A66A67A64A65A109A110A121A122A60A68A123A120A124A125A126A127A128A129A72A130A131A132A133A134A126A135A136A137A138A83A84A78A79A139A72A73A82A112A1135VA140A136A137A141A62A63A64A650A83A84A72A73A142A11310V,A62A63A64A651A83A84A72A73A142A1135VA112A11310VA143A106A144A65A74A75A72A73A94A95A145A146A76A112A1135VA147A148A149A150A151A83A84A152A153A129A126A136A137A117A154INCLUDE“STC12C5410ADH“INCLUDE“INTRINSH“INCLUDE“STDIOH“DEFINEUINT8UNSIGNEDCHAR/A155A156A1578A102A158A159A95A160/DEFINEINT8SIGNEDCHAR/A161A156A1578A102A158A159A95A160DEFINEUINT16UNSIGNEDINT/A155A156A15716A102A158A159A95A160/DEFINEINT16SIGNEDINT/A161A156A15716A102A158A159A95A160/DEFINEUINT32UNSIGNEDLONG/A155A156A15732A102A158A159A95A160/DEFINEINT32SIGNEDLONG/A161A156A15732A102A158A159A95A160/SBITS1P27/A59A162A163A78A164A165A78SBITS2P30/A59A162A163A78A166A167A78SBITS3P31/A59A162A163A78A168A112A78SBITLCDENP12/LCDA169A165A170A157A171SBITRSP13/LCDA120A172A173A174A175A176A171SBITFMP35/A103A104A61A177A178A179SBITINT0P32SBITINT1P33SBITVLESSP37/A180A75A72A7310V“UINT8ADC_POWER_ON_SPEED_CHANNEL_60X06/P16A148A111A/DA180A75UINT8CODETABLE50,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9UINT8CODETAB0X00,0X01,0X02,0X03,0X04,0X05,0X06,0X07,0X08,0X09,0X0A,0X0B,0X0C/0A691A692A693A694A695A696A697A698A699A6910A69A198A69A199UINT8CODETABS0X0D,0X10/A200A201A72A73A111A69A202A203A160A136/A123A120A204A205A126DELAYA123A120A164A165A126A206A129A207A60,A60A208A111ZA209A210A75A179A211A120A126ZA207A60A177A178A82A141A82A212A142A141A207A60A212A213A149A179A211A120A126A155/VOIDDELAYUINT16ZUINT16X,YFORXZX0XFORY110Y0YVOIDDI/A103A104A61A214A215A123A120FM0DELAY100FM1VOIDDLYYYUINT16DLYUINT8JWHILEDLYFORJ0J0XFORY100Y0YUINT16READ_ADCUINT8ADCVCCEA0ADC_CONTRADC_CONTR|0X80/1000,0000A235A208A/DA87A88A72A32DELAYAD100/20MSADC_CONTRADC_CONTR/A117ADC_FLAG,ADC_STARTA102A8A2323A102ADC_CONTRADC_CONTR/A98A99A200A201A219A7A157DELAYAD10/A207A60A169A180A75A72A73A152A116A16A59ADC_DATA0/A117A/DA87A88A17A18A19A196A61ADC_LOW20ADC_CONTRADC_CONTR|0X08/0000A1411000ADCSA2421A141A85A86A87A88WHILEADC_CONTRADC_CHANNEL_6_RESULTADC_DATA0USECONDSUINT8OW_RESETVOID/A244A102UINT8PRESENCEDQ0/DQA177A20A21DELAYUS348/480USDQ1/DQA181A20A21DELAYUS36/A197A22PRESENCEDQ/PRESENCEA115A23DELAYUS300RETURNPRESENCE/0PRESENCE,1NOPARTUINT8READ_BYTEVOID/A1891WIREA246A24A25A26A27A28A29A30A31UINT8IUINT8VALUE0FORI8I0IVALUE1DQ0DQ1DELAYUS12IFDQVALUE|0X80DELAYUS72RETURNVALUEVOIDWRITE_BYTECHARVAL/A1901WIREA246A24A25A33A28A29A30A31UINT8IFORI8I0I/A28A172A33A28A30A31DQ0DQVALDELAYUS60DQ1VALVAL/2DELAYUS60VOIDREAD_TEMPERATURE/A26A27A210A34UINT16AUINT8BBAI,SSHI,GGEUNIONUINT8C2UINT16XTMMPOW_RESETWRITE_BYTE0XCC/A250A35ROMWRITE_BYTE0XBE/A26TMMPC1READ_BYTETMMPC0READ_BYTEOW_RESETWRITE_BYTE0XCCWRITE_BYTE0X44/A36A37ATMMPXAA062505WENDUABBAIWENDU/100/A210A34A38A39SSHIWENDU100/10/A210A34A29A39GGEWENDU10010/A210A34A40A41A42A39WRITE_COM0X800X400X05DELAY10WRITE_DATETABLE5BBAIDELAY10WRITE_DATETABLE5SSHIDELAY10WRITE_DATEDELAY10WRITE_DATETABLE5GGEDELAY10WRITE_DATE0XDFDELAY10WRITE_DATECVOIDKEYSCAN/A108A43A44A45A46A41IFS10DELAY5IFS10/A187A48A49A50A43A51A108A52S1NUM/A49A50A43A108A52A172A41A109A53WHILES1/A54A162A187A48DI/A55A58A59A108A43A54A162A60A61A62A63A64A65A160DIIFS1NUM1/A171A28A172A51A108A52A66TR00/A67A68A69A66A62WRITE_COM0X8010/A209A70A69A39A71A72A39A73WRITE_COM0X0F/A209A70A36A37A74A75IFS1NUM2/A171A77A172A108A52A209A70A74A75A69A39A71A79A80A39A73WRITE_COM0X807IFS1NUM3/A171A82A172A108A52A209A70A74A75A69A39A71A40A66A39A73WRITE_COM0X804IFS1NUM4/A171A83A172A108A52S1NUM0/A109A53A108A43A41A253A84WRITE_COM0X0C/A27A85A209A70A74A75TR01/A86A87A69A66A62A88A66A80A36A37A89IFS1NUM0/A90A59A49A50A43A51A108A52A91A92A111A93A94A95A40A43A96A59A97IFS20DELAY5IFS20/A111A93A43A187A48A51A108A52WHILES2/A108A43A54A162DI/A55A58A59A108A43A54A162A60A61A62A63A64A65A160IFS1NUM1/A233A49A50A43A171A28A172A108A52MIAO/A234A98A99A72A931IFMIAO60/A233A10060A91A101A253A84MIAO0WRITE_SFM10,MIAO/A55A98A31A28A172A102A104A105A106A107A28A52WRITE_COM0X8010/A106A107A39A73A110A112A113A71A98A31A114IFS1NUM2/A233A49A50A43A171A77A172A108A52FEN/A234A98A99A79A80A931IFFEN60/A233A10060A91A101A253A84FEN0WRITE_SFM7,FEN/A55A98A31A28A172A102A104A105A106A107A28A52WRITE_COM0X807/A106A107A39A73A110A112A113A71A98A31A114IFS1NUM3/A233A49A50A43A171A82A172A108A52SHI/A234A98A99A40A66A931IFSHI24/A233A10024A91A101A253A84SHI0WRITE_SFM4,SHI/A55A98A31A28A172A102A104A105A106A107A28A52WRITE_COM0X804/A106A107A39A73A110A112A113A71A98A31A114IFS30DELAY5IFS30/A187A48A95A40A43A51A108A52WHILES3/A108A43A54A162DI/A55A58A59A108A43A54A162A60A61A62A63A64A65A160IFS1NUM1/A233A49A50A43A171A28A172A108A52MIAO/A234A98A99A72A951IFMIAO1/A233A95A71A116A41A234A101A117A110A112A118A73A11959MIAO59WRITE_SFM10,MIAO/A55A98A31A28A172A102A104A105A106A107A28A52WRITE_COM0X8010/A106A107A39A73A110A112A113A71A98A31A114IFS1NUM2/A233A49A50A43A171A77A172A108A52FEN/A234A98A99A79A80A951IFFEN1/A233A95A71A116A41A234A101A117A110A112A118A73A11959FEN59WRITE_SFM7,FEN/A55A98A31A28A172A102A104A105A106A107A28A52WRITE_COM0X807/A106A107A39A73A110A112A113A71A98A31A114IFS1NUM3/A233A49A50A43A171A77A172A108A52SHI/A234A98A99A40A66A951IFSHI1/A233A95A71A116A41A234A101A117A110A112A118A73A11923SHI23WRITE_SFM4,SHI/A55A98A31A28A172A102A104A105A106A107A28A52WRITE_COM0X804/A106A1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