航空气象学课后习题电子档VIP

1METEOROLOGY2METEOROLOGY3METEOROLOGY4METEOROLOGY5METEOROLOGY6METEOROLOGY7METEOROLOGY8METEOROLOGY9METEOROLOGY10METEOROLOGY11METEOROLOGY12METEOROLOGY13METEOROLOGY14METEOROLOGY15METEOROLOGY16METEOROLOGY17METEOROLOGY18METEOROLOGY19METEOROLOGY20METEOROLOGY21METEOROLOGY22METEOROLOGY23METEOROLOGY24METEOROLOGY25METEOROLOGY26METEOROLOGY27METEOROLOGY28METEOROLOGY29METEOROLOGY30METEOROLOGY31METEOROLOGY32METEOROLOGY33METEOROLOGY34METEOROLOGY35METEOROLOGY36METEOROLOGY习题CHAPTER1ATMOSPHEREANDTEMPERATURE1WHICHFEATUREISASSOCIATEDWITHTHETROPOPAUSEAABSENCEOFWINDANDTURBULENCEBABSOLUTEUPPERLIMITOFCLOUDFORMATIONCABRUPTCHANGEOFTEMPERATURELAPSERATE2WHATISACHARACTERISTICOFTHETROPOSPHEREAITCONTAINSALLTHEMOISTUREOFTHEATMOSPHEREBTHEREISANOVERALLDECREASEOFTEMPERATUREWITHANINCREASEOFALTITUDECTHEAVERAGEALTITUDEOFTHETOPOFTHETROPOSPHEREISABOUT6MILES3THEAVERAGEHEIGHTOFTHETROPOSPHEREINTHEMIDDLELATITUDESISA20,000FEETB25,000FEETC37,000FEET4THEPRIMARYCAUSEOFALLCHANGESINTHEEARTHSWEATHERISAVARIATIONOFSOLARENERGYRECEIVEDBYTHEEARTHSREGIONSBCHANGESINAIRPRESSUREOVERTHEEARTHSSURFACECMOVEMENTOFTHEAIRMASSES5IFTHEAIRTEMPERATUREIS8ATANELEVATIONOF1,350FEETANDASTANDARDAVERAGETEMPERATURELAPSERATEEXISTS,WHATWILLBETHEAPPROXIMATEFREEZINGLEVELA3,350FEETMSLMEANSEALEVELB5,350FEETMSLC9,350FEETMSL6THEMOSTFREQUENTTYPEOFGROUNDORSURFACEBASEDTEMPERATUREINVERSIONISTHATPRODUCEDBYAGROUNDRADIATIONONACLEAR,COOLNIGHT,WHENTHEWINDISLIGHTBWARMAIRBEINGLIFTEDRAPIDLYALOFTINTHEVICINITYOFMOUNTAINOUSTERRAINCTHEMOVEMENTOFCOLDERAIRUNDERWARMAIR,ORTHEMOVEMENTOFWARMAIROVERCOLDAIR7WHATFEATUREISASSOCIATEDWITHATEMPERATUREINVERSIONAASTABLELAYEROFAIRBANUNSTABLELAYEROFAIRCAIRMASSTHUNDERSTORMS8WHATARETHECHARACTERIZESOFAGROUNDBASEDINVERSIONACONVECTIONCURRENTSATTHESURFACEBCOLDTEMPERATURESCPOORVISIBILITY9WHEREISACOMMONLOCATIONFORANINVERSIONOFTHEATMOSPHEREAATTHETROPOPAUSEBINTHESTRATOSPHERECATTHEBASEOFCUMULUSCLOUDS10WHICHWEATHERCONDITIONSSHOULDBEEXPECTEDBENEATHALOWLEVELTEMPERATUREINVERSIONLAYERWHENTHERELATIVEHUMIDITYISHIGHASMOOTHAIRANDPOORVISIBILITYDUETOFOG,HAZE,ORLOWCLOUDSBLIGHTWINDSHEARANDPOORVISIBILITYDUETOHAZEANDLIGHTRAINCTURBULENTAIRANDPOORVISIBILITYDUETOFOG,LOWSTRATUSTYPECLOUDS,ANDSHOWERYPRECIPITATION11对流层中，对天气变化影响较大的气体是A氮气和氧气B氧气和二氧化碳C二氧化碳和水汽D水汽和臭氧12对流层顶是一个强大的稳定层，因为A它的上面是平流层B空气干洁，能见度好C气流平稳，没有对流运动D该处气温直减率小13在对流层顶以上飞行，常常是A气流平稳，能见度好B有尘粒、烟粒等杂质聚积C会遇到高云，或积雨云、浓积云顶D有使飞机产生颠簸的扰动气流37METEOROLOGY14局地气温的最低点通常出现在A后半夜B天亮时C早晨D日出时15能造成较大气温日较差的有利天气和地理条件分别是A晴天，陆地B晴天，海洋C阴天，陆地D阴天，海洋16局地气温的非周期变化受下列那一个因素的影响最显著A太阳辐射强度B海陆分布C季节D冷暖空气的水平运动17标准大气的海平面气温等于A0B10C27316D2881618气压相等时，较暖和较湿的空气密度分别比较冷和较干的空气密度要A小，小B大，大C小，大D大，小ANSWERS1C2B3C4A5B6A7A8C9B10A11C12D13A14D15A16D17D18A38METEOROLOGY习题CHAPTER2ATMOSPHERICPRESSUREANDALTIMETRY1WHICHPRESSUREISDEFINEDASSTATIONPRESSUREAALTIMETERSETTINGBACTUALPRESSUREATFIELDELEVATIONCSTATIONBAROMETRICPRESSUREREDUCEDTOSEALEVEL2WHATTERMDESCRIBESANELONGATEDAREAOFLOWPRESSUREATROUGHBRIDGECHURRICANEORTYPHOON3IFTHEAMBIENTTEMPERATUREISCOLDERTHANSTANDARDATFL310,WHATISTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENTRUEALTITUDEANDPRESSUREALTITUDEATHEYAREBOTHTHESAME,31,000FEETBTRUEALTITUDEISLOWERTHAN31,000FEETCPRESSUREALTITUDEISLOWERTHANTRUEALTITUDE4WHEREISTHEUSUALLOCATIONOFATHERMALLOWAOVERTHEARCTICREGIONBOVERTHEEYEOFAHURRICANECOVERTHESURFACEOFADRY,SUNNYREGION5ENROUTEATFL270,THEALTIMETERISSETCORRECTLYONDESCENT,APILOTFAILSTOSETTHELOCALALTIMETERSETTINGOF3057IFTHEFIELDELEVATIONIS650FEET,ANDTHEALTIMETERISFUNCTIONINGPROPERLY,WHATWILLITINDICATEUPONLANDINGA585FEETB1,300FEETCSEALEVEL6WHATISCORRECTEDALTITUDEAPPROXIMATETRUEALTITUDEAPRESSUREALTITUDECORRECTEDFORINSTRUMENTERRORBINDICATEDALTITUDECORRECTEDFORTEMPERATUREVARIATIONFROMSTANDARDCDENSITYALTITUDECORRECTEDFORTEMPERATUREVARIATIONFROMSTANDARD7常用于研究水平气压场的气压是A本站气压B场面气压C修正海平面气压D标准海平面气压8飞机起降时，用于调整高度表的气压通常是A本站气压B场面气压C修正海平面气压D标准海平面气压9航线飞行时，用来调整高度表的气压是A本站气压B场面气压C修正海平面气压D标准海平面气压10飞机进入较强下降气流和上升气流区时，高度指示会分别比实际高度A偏高，偏低B偏高，偏高C偏低，偏高D偏低，偏低11当飞机按气压式高度表保持一定高度飞向低压区时，其实际高度的变化是A逐渐变低B逐渐变高C先变低，后变高D先变高，后变低12当空气密度低于标准大气时，对飞机的起飞载重量或起飞和着陆滑跑距离的影响分别是A减少，加长B减少，缩短C增大，加长D增大，缩短13飞机所处位置的密度高度，在冷天和热天通常分别为A低密度高度，高密度高度B高密度高度，低密度高度C低密度高度，低密度高度D高密度高度，高密度高度ANSWERS1B2A3B4C5C6B7C8C9D10A11A12A13A39METEOROLOGY习题CHAPTER3WIND1ATLOWERLEVELSOFTHEATMOSPHERE,FRICTIONCAUSESTHEWINDTOFLOWACROSSISOBARSINTOALOWBECAUSETHEFRICTIONADECREASESWINDSPEEDANDCORIOLISFORCEBDECREASESPRESSUREGRADIENTFORCECCREATESAIRTURBULENCEANDRAISESATMOSPHERICPRESSURE2WHATCAUSESSURFACEWINDSTOFLOWACROSSTHEISOBARSATANANGLERATHERTHANPARALLELTOTHEISOBARSACORIOLISFORCEBSURFACEFRICTIONCTHEGREATERDENSITYOFTHEAIRATTHESURFACE3WHATISAFEATUREOFAIRMOVEMENTINAHIGHPRESSUREAREAAASCENDINGFROMTHESURFACEHIGHTOLOWERPRESSUREATHIGHERALTITUDESBDESCENDINGTOTHESURFACEANDTHENOUTWARDCMOVINGOUTWARDFROMTHEHIGHATHIGHALTITUDESANDINTOTHEHIGHATTHESURFACE4WHATISINDICATEDBYCLOSESPACINGOFISOBARSONAWEATHERMAPAWEAKPRESSUREGRADIENTANDWEAKWINDSBWEAKPRESSUREGRADIENTANDSTRONGWINDSCSTRONGPRESSUREGRADIENTANDSTRONGWINDS5WHICHTYPEWINDFLOWSDOWNSLOPEBECOMINGWARMERANDDRYERALANDBREEZEBVALLEYWINDCKATABATICWIND6ATWHICHLOCATIONDOESCORIOLISFORCEHAVETHELEASTEFFECTONWINDDIRECTIONAATTHEPOLESBMIDDLELATITUDES30TO60CATTHEEQUATOR7HOWDOESCORIOLISFORCEAFFECTWINDDIRECTIONINTHESOUTHERNHEMISPHEREACAUSESCLOCKWISEROTATIONAROUNDALOWBCAUSESWINDTOFLOWOUTOFALOWTOWARDAHIGHCHASEXACTLYTHESAMEEFFECTASINTHENORTHERNHEMISPHERE8WHICHFORCE,INTHENORTHERNHEMISPHERE,ACTSATARIGHTANGLETOTHEWINDANDDEFLECTSITTOTHERIGHTUNTILPARALLELTOTHEISOBARSACENTRIFUGALBPRESSUREGRADIENTCCORIOLIS9WHICHWEATHERCONDITIONISDEFINEDASANANTICYCLONEACALMBHIGHPRESSUREAREACCOL10WINDSAT5,000FEETAGLONAPARTICULARFLIGHTARESOUTHWESTERLYWHILEMOSTOFTHESURFACEWINDSARESOUTHERLYTHISDIFFERENCEINDIRECTIONISPRIMARILYDUETOAASTRONGERPRESSUREGRADIENTATHIGHERALTITUDESBFRICTIONBETWEENTHEWINDANDTHESURFACECSTRONGERCORIOLISFORCEATTHESURFACE11WHATRELATIONSHIPEXISTSBETWEENTHEWINDSAT2,000FEETABOVETHESURFACEANDTHESURFACEWINDSATHEWINDSAT2,000FEETANDTHESURFACEWINDSFLOWINTHESAMEDIRECTION,BUTTHESURFACEWINDSAREWEAKERDUETOFRICTIONBTHEWINDSAT2,000FEETTENDTOPARALLELTHEISOBARSWHILETHESURFACEWINDSCROSSTHEISOBARS40METEOROLOGYATANANGLETOWARDLOWERPRESSUREANDAREWEAKERCTHESURFACEWINDSTENDTOVEERTOTHERIGHTOFTHEWINDSAT2,000FEETANDAREUSUALLYWEAKER12AJETSTREAMISDEFINEDASWINDOFA30KNOTSORGREATERB40KNOTSORGREATERC50KNOTSORGREATER13JETSTREAMWINDSOCCURATWHICHLOCATIONASOUTHOFHIGHSBPARALLELTOTROUGHSCBREAKSINTHETROPOPAUSE14西北风可表示为A135或SEB300或NWC315或NWD340或WN15海上风与陆地风相比，主要区别是A海上风速大，风向与等压线交角大B陆地上风速大，风向与等压线交角小C陆地上风速大，风向与等压线交角大D海上风速大，风向与等压线交角小16海风和山风分别出现在A白天，晚上B晚上，白天C白天，白天D晚上，晚上17在北半球9000米高度，由低压区飞向高压区，则航线上吹A右侧风B左侧风C逆风D顺风18在北半球自由大气中，如果航线是左侧风，则高压区在航线的A右侧B左侧C后方D前方19自由大气中风随高度变化的主要原因是A气温的水平差异B气温随高度的变化C气压的水平差异D气压随高度的变化20对流层自由大气中，高度增加，风的一般变化规律是A风向趋近于东风，风速增大B风向趋近于西风，风速减小C风向趋近于东风，风速减小D风向趋近于西风，风速增大21地面风的阵性表现较明显的时间和季节分别是A早晨，冬季B早晨，夏季C午后，冬季D午后，夏季22地面风的阵性表现较明显的地区特点是A地表粗糙，性质差异大B地表平坦，性质差异小C地表粗糙，性质差异小D地表平坦，性质差异大ANSWERS1A2B3B4C5C6C7A8C9B10B11B12C13C14C15D16A17A18C19A20D21D22A41METEOROLOGY习题CHAPTER4CLOUDANDPRECIPITATION1TOWHICHMETEOROLOGICALCONDITIONEDDOESTHETERM“DEWPOINT“REFERATHETEMPERATURETOWHICHAIRMUSTBECOOLEDTOBECOMESATURATEDBTHETEMPERATUREATWHICHCONDENSATIONANDEVAPORATIONAREEQUALCTHETEMPERATUREATWHICHDEWWILLALWAYSFORM2THEAMOUNTOFWATERVAPORWHICHAIRCANHOLDLARGELYDEPENDSONARELATIVEHUMIDITYBAIRTEMPERATURECSTABILITYOFAIR3CLOUDS,FOG,ORDEWWILLALWAYSFORMWHENAWATERVAPORCONDENSESBWATERVAPORISPRESENTCTHETEMPERATUREANDDEWPOINTAREEQUAL4WHATWEATHERCONDITIONOCCURSATTHEALTITUDEWHERETHEDEWPOINTLAPSERATEANDTHEDRYADIABATICLAPSERATECONVERGEACLOUDBASESFORMBPRECIPITATIONSTARTSCSTABLEAIRCHANGESTOUNSTABLEAIR5WHATARETHEFOURFAMILIESOFCLOUDSASTRATUS,CUMULUS,NIMBUS,ANDCIRRUSBCLOUDSFORMEDBYUPDRAFTS,FRONTS,COOLINGLAYERSOFAIR,ANDPRECIPITATIONINTOWARMAIRCHIGH,MIDDLE,LOW,ANDTHOSEWITHEXTENSIVEVERTICALDEVELOPMENT6THESUFFIX“NIMBUS”,USEDINNAMINGCLOUDS,MEANSAACLOUDWITHEXTENSIVEVERTICALDEVELOPMENTBRAINCLOUDCDARKMASSIVE,TOWERINGCLOUD7AHIGHCLOUDISCOMPOSEDMOSTLYOFAOZONEBCONDENSATIONNUCLEICICECRYSTALS8STABILITYCANBEDETERMINEDFROMWHICHMEASUREMENTOFTHEATMOSPHEREALOWLEVELWINDSBAMBIENTLAPSERATECATMOSPHERICPRESSURE9WHATDETERMINESTHESTRUCTUREORTYPEOFCLOUDSWHICHFORMASARESULTOFAIRBEINGFORCEDTOASCENDATHEMETHODBYWHICHTHEAIRISLIFTEDBTHESTABILITYOFTHEAIRBEFORELIFTINGOCCURSCTHEAMOUNTOFCONDENSATIONNUCLEIPRESENTAFTERLIFTINGOCCURS10UNSATURATEDAIRFLOWINGUPSLOPEWILLCOOLATTHERATEOFAPPROXIMATELYDRYADIABATICLAPSERATEA3PER1000FEETB2PER1000FEETC25PER1000FEET11WHATTYPEOFCLOUDSWILLBEFORMEDIFVERYSTABLEMOISTAIRISFORCEDUPSLOPEAFIRSTSTRATIFIEDCLOUDSANDTHENVERTICALCLOUDSBVERTICALCLOUDSWITHINCREASINGHEIGHTCSTRATIFIEDCLOUDSWITHLITTLEVERTICALDEVELOPMENT12WHATTYPECLOUDSCANBEEXPECTEDWHENANUNSTABLEAIRMASSISFORCEDTOASCENDAMOUNTAINSLOPEALAYEREDCLOUDSWITHLITTLEVERTICALDEVELOPMENTBSTRATIFIEDCLOUDSWITHCONSIDERABLEASSOCIATEDTURBULENCE,42METEOROLOGYCCLOUDSWITHEXTENSIVEVERTICALDEVELOPMENT13WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGCOMBINATIONSOFWEATHERPRODUCINGVARIABLESWOULDLIKELYRESULTINCUMULIFORMTYPECLOUDSGOODVISIBILITYRAINSHOWERSANDPOSSIBLECLEARTYPEICINGINCLOUDSAUNSTABLEMOISTAIRANDNOLIFTINGMECHANISMBSTABLEDRYAIRANDOROGRAPHICLIFTINGCUNSTABLEMOISTAIRANDOROGRAPHICLIFTING,14WHICHFAMILYOFCLOUDSISLEASTLIKELYTOCONTRIBUTETOSTRUCTURALICINGONANAIRCRAFTALOWCLOUDSBHIGHCLOUDSCCLOUDSWITHEXTENSIVEVERTICALDEVELOPMENT15WHICHCLOUDSHAVETHEGREATESTTURBULENCEATOWERINGCUMULUSBCUMULONIMBUSCALTOCUMULUSCASTELLANUS16THEPRESENCEOFSTANDINGLENTICULARALTOCUMULUSCLOUDSISAGOODINDICATIONOFAAJETSTREAMBVERYSTRONGTURBULENCECHEAVYICINGCONDITIONS17FAIRWEATHERCUMULUSCLOUDSOFTENINDICATEATURBULENCEATANDBELOWTHECLOUDLEVELBPOORVISIBILITYCSMOOTHFLYINGCONDITIONS18ACEILINGISDEFINEDASTHEHEIGHTOFTHEAHIGHESTLAYEROFCLOUDSOROBSCURINGPHENOMENAALOFTTHATCOVERSOVER6/10OFTHESKYBLOWESTLAYEROFCLOUDSTHATCONTRIBUTEDTOTHEOVERALLOVERCASTCLOWESTLAYEROFCLOUDSOROBSCURINGPHENOMENAALOFTTHATISREPORTEDASBROKENOROVERCAST19WHATENHANCETHEGROWTHRATEOFPRECIPITATIONAADVECTIVEACTIONBUPWARDCURRENTSCCYCLONICMOVEMENT20THEPRESENCEOFICEPELLETSATTHESURFACEISEVIDENCETHATATHESEARETHUNDERSTORMSINTHEAREABACOLDFRONTHASPASSEDCTHEREISFREEZINGRAINATAHIGHERALTITUDE21WHATTEMPERATURECONDITIONISINDICATEDIFWETSNOWISENCOUNTEREDATYOURFLIGHTALTITUDEATHETEMPERATUREISABOVEFREEZINGATYOUALTITUDEBTHETEMPERATUREISBELOWFREEZINGATYOURALTITUDECYOUAREFLYINGFROMAWARMAIRMASSINTOACOLDAIRMASS22WHICHPRECIPITATIONTYPENORMALLYINDICATESFREEZINGRAINATHIGHERALTITUDESASNOWBHAILCICEPELLETS23SELECTTHECHARACTERISTICSASSOCIATEDWITHTHECUMULONIMBUSCLOUDSMORETHANONECHARACTERISTICMAYAPPLYAHAILBDRIZZLECLIGHTNINGDSTABLEAIRETURBULENCEFRESTRICTEDVISIBILITYFORLONGPERIODS24云体高大，底部阴暗，云顶呈园弧形重叠的云是ACUBTCUCCBDSC25决定大气稳定度的主要因素是AR值BRD值CP值DT值26一般情况下，大气最不稳定的时间和季节分别是A中午，冬季B早上，夏季C早上，冬季D午后，夏季43METEOROLOGY27一般情况下，大气最稳定的时间和季节分别是A中午，冬季B早上，夏季C早上，冬季D午后，夏季28速度最大的垂直运动是A对流B系统性升降运动C乱流D大气波动29对流运动的水平范围一般为A几公里B几十公里C几到几十公里D几百公里30对流上升运动形成A积状云B层状云C波状云D堡状云31大气不稳定时，常产生的垂直运动是A对流和系统性升降运动B系统性升降运动和波动C波动和乱流D乱流和对流32地球表面热力性质差异大的地区容易产生的垂直运动是A对流和系统性升降运动B系统性升降运动和波动C波动和乱流D乱流和对流33形成层状云的运动是A对流B系统性运动C波动D乱流34层状云包括ANSSCASSTBSCASCSFSCCICSASNSDFSNSASST35积状云包括ACUTCUCBFCBTCUFCCCSCCCBSCACCUDFCCUCBCC36严重影响飞机起降的低碎云主要是ANSFCSTBSTFSCUCFNSTFSDFSNSFN37国家气象部门和民航总局规定的计量云量的方法分别是A十分制，八分制B八分制，十分制C十分制，十分制D八分制，八分制38中云的云底高度通常规定为A15004000米B25005000米C30006000米D25006000米ANSWERS1A2B3A4A5C6B7C8B9B10A11C12C13C14B15B16B17A18C19B20C21A22C23ACE24B25A26D27C28A29C30A31D32D33B34C35A36C37A38D44METEOROLOGY习题CHAPTER5AIRMASSESANDFRONTS1ANAIRMASSISABODYOFAIRTHATAHASSIMILARCLOUDFORMATIONSASSOCIATEDWITHITBCREATESAWINDSHIFTASITMOVESACROSSTHEEARTHSSURFACECCOVERSANEXTENSIVEAREAANDHASFAIRLYUNIFORMPROPERTIESOFTEMPERATUREANDMOISTURE2WHATISINDICATEDABOUTANAIRMASSIFTHETEMPERATUREREMAINSUNCHANGEDORDECREASESSLIGHTLYASALTITUDEISINCREASEDATHEAIRISUNSTABLEBATEMPERATUREINVERSIONEXISTSCTHEAIRISSTABLE3WHICHWEATHERCONDITIONISANEXAMPLEOFANONFRONTALINSTABILITYBANDASQUALLLINEBADVECTIVEFOGCFRONTOGENESIS4THEGENERALCHARACTERISTICSOFUNSTABLEAIRAREAGOODVISIBILITY,SHOWERYPRECIPITATION,ANDCUMULIFORMTYPEDCLOUDSBGOODVISIBILITY,STEADYPRECIPITATION,ANDSTRATIFORMTYPECLOUDSCPOORVISIBILITY,INTERMITTENTPRECIPITATION,ANDCUMULIFORMTYPEDCLOUDS5WHATARESOMECHARACTERISTICSOFUNSTABLEAIRANIMBOSTRATUSCLOUDSANDGOODSURFACEVISIBILITYBTURBULENCEANDPOORSURFACEVISIBILITYCTURBULENCEANDGOODSURFACEVISIBILITY6WHATARETHECHARACTERISTICSOFSTABLEAIRAGOODVISIBILITY,STEADYPRECIPITATION,ANDSTRATUSTYPECLOUDSBPOORVISIBILITY,INTERMITTENTPRECIPITATION,ANDCUMULUSTYPECLOUDSCPOORVISIBILITY，STEADYPRECIPITATION,ANDSTRATUSTYPECLOUDS7WHICHARECHARACTERISTICSOFANUNSTABLECOLDAIRMASSMOVINGOVERAWARMSURFACEACUMULIFORMCLOUDS,TURBULENCE,ANDPOORVISIBILITYBCUMULIFORMCLOUDS,TURBULENCE,ANDGOODVISIBILITYCSTRATIFORMCLOUDS,SMOOTHAIR,ANDPOORVISIBILITY8WHICHATMOSPHERICFACTORCAUSESRAPIDMOVEMENTOFSURFACEFRONTSAUPPERWINDSBLOWINGACROSSTHEFRONTBUPPERLOWLOCATEDDIRECTLYOVERTHESURFACELOWCTHECOLDFRONTOVERTAKINGANDLIFTINGTHEWARMFRONT9WHATWEATHERDIFFERENCEISFOUNDONEACHSIDEOFA“DRYLINE“AEXTREMETEMPERATUREDIFFERENCEBDEWPOINTDIFFERENCECSTRATUSVERSUSCUMULUSCLOUDS10TRUEFALSEWHENANAIRMASSISWARMEDFROMBELOW，ITBECOMESMORESTABLE11TRUEFALSEPASSAGEOFAFASTMOVINGCOLDFRONTCREATESANARROWFRONTALZONEWITHLESSSEVEREWEATHERTHANTHEPASSAGEOFASLOWMOVINGCOLDFRONT12STEADYPRECIPITATIONWITHLITTLETURBULENCEPRECEDESWHATTYPEOFFRONTACOLDFRONTBWARMFRONTCOCCLUDEDFRONT13WHATISTHEMOSTRELIABLEINDICATIONTHATYOUHAVEFLOWNTHROUGHAFRONTACHANGEINPRESSUREBCHANGEINTEMPERATURECCHANGEINWINDDIRECTION14WHATCONDITIONSFAVORTHEFORMATIONOFAFRONTALWAVE45METEOROLOGYAAFASTMOVINGWARMFRONTOVERTAKINGACOLDFRONTBADEEPLOWPRESSUREAREALLOCATEDNORTHEASTOFARIDGECASTATIONARYFRONTORSLOWMOVINGCOLDFRONTWITHASTRONGTEMPERATUREGRADIENT15STEADYPRECIPITATION,INCONTRASTTOSHOWERS,PRECEDINGAFRONTISANINDICATIONOFASTRATIFORMCLOUDSWITHMODERATETURBULENCEBCUMULIFORMCLOUDSWITHLITTLEORNOTURBULENCECSTRATIFORMCLOUDSWITHLITTLEORNOTURBULENCE16飞机由冷气团一侧垂直穿过稳定的缓行冷锋，首先看到的云是A卷云B雨层云C高层云D高积云17不稳定的急行冷锋经过机场时，通常会出现的天气现象是A晴朗微风的天气B小雨和雾C层状云和低能见度D积状云、地面大风、阵性降水18下列在我国能产生地面大风的天气形势是A冷锋后的偏北大风B冷锋前的偏北大风C冷锋前的偏南大风D冷锋后的偏南大风ANSWERS1C2C3A4A5C6C7B8A9B10F11F12B13C14C15C16A17D18A46METEOROLOGY习题CHAPTER6TURBULENCE1APILOTREPORTINGTURBULENCETHATMOMENTARILYCAUSESSLIGHT,ERRATICCHANGESINALTITUDEAND/ORATTITUDESHOULDREPORTITASALIGHTTURBULENCEBMODERATETURBULENCECLIGHTCHOP2IFYOUFLYINTOSEVERETURBULENCE,WHICHFLIGHTCONDITIONSHOULDYOUATTEMPTTOMAINTAINACONSTANTAIRSPEEDVABLEVELFLIGHTATTITUDECCONSTANTANALTITUDEANDCONSTANTAIRSPEED3IFSEVERETURBULENCEISENCOUNTEREDDURINGYOURIFRFLIGHT，THEAIRPLANESHOULDBESLOWEDTOTHEDESIGNMANEUVERINGSPEEDBECAUSETHEAMANEUVERABILITYOFTHEAIRPLANEWILLBEINCREASEDBAMOUNTOFEXCESSLOADTHATCANBEIMPOSEDONTHEWINGWILLBEDECREASEDCAIRPLANEWILLSTALLATALOWERANGLEOFRANGOFATTACK,GIVINGANINCREASEDMARGINOFSAFETY4REFERTOMICROBURSTFIGUREBELOWIFINVOLVEDINAMICROBURSTENCOUNTER,INWHICHAIRCRAFTPOSITIONSWILLTHEMOSTSEVEREDOWNDRAFTOCCURA4AND5B2AND3C3AND4FIGUREMICROBURST5REFERTOFIGUREABOVEWHENPENETRATINGAMICROBURST,WHICHAIRCRAFTWILLEXPERIENCEANINCREASEINPERFORMANCEWITHOUTACHANGEINPITCHORPOWERA3B2C16REFERTOFIGUREABOVEWHATEFFECTWILLAMICROBURSTENCOUNTERHAVEUPONTHEAIRCRAFTINPOSITION3ADECREASINGHEADWINDBINCREASINGTAILWINDCSTRONGDOWNDRAFT7REFERTOFIGUREABOVEWHATEFFECTWILLAMICROBURSTENCOUNTERHAVEUPONTHEAIRCRAFTINPOSITION4ASTRONGTAILWINDBSTRONGUPDRAFTCSIGNIFICANTPERFORMANCEINCREASE8REFERTOFIGUREABOVEHOWWILLTHEAIRCRAFTINPOSITION4BEAFFECTEDBYAMICROBURSTENCOUNTER47METEOROLOGYAPERFORMANCEINCREASINGWITHATAILWINDANDUPDRAFTBPERFORMANCEDECREASINGWITHATAILWINDANDDOWNDRAFTCPERFORMANCEDECREASINGWITHAHEADWINDANDDOWNDRAFT9WHATISANIMPORTANTCHARACTERISTICOFWINDSHEARAITISANATMOSPHERICCONDITIONTHATISASSOCIATEDEXCLUSIVELYWITHZONESOFCONVERGENCEBTHECORIOLISPHENOMENONINBOTHHIGHANDLOWLEVELAIRMASSESISTHEPRINCIPALGENERATINGFORCECITISANATMOSPHERICCONDITIONTHATMAYBEASSOCIATEDWITHALOWLEVELTEMPERATUREINVERSION,AJETSTREAM,ORAFRONTALZONE10WHICHWINDSHEARCONDITIONRESULTSINALOSSOFAIRSPEEDADECREASINGHEADWINDORTAILWINDBDECREASINGHEADWINDANDINCREASINGTAILWINDCINCREASINGHEADWINDANDDECREASINGTAILWIND11WHICHISACHARACTERISTICOFLOWLEVELWINDSHEARASITRELATESTOFRONTALACTIVITYAWITHAWARMFRONT,THEMOSTCRITICALPERIODISBEFORETHEFRONTPASSESTHEAIRPORTBWITHACOLDFRONT,THEMOSTCRITICALPERIODISJUSTBEFORETHEFRONTPASSESTHEAIRPORTCTURBULENCEWILLALWAYSEXITSINWINDSHEARCONDITIONS12HAZARDOUSWINDSHEARISCOMMONLYENCOUNTEREDNEARTHEGROUNDADURINGPERIODSWHENTHEWINDVELOCITYISSTRONGERTHAN35KNOTSBDURINGPERIODSWHENTHEWINDVELOCITYISSTRONGERTHAN35KNOTSANDNEARMOUNTAINVALLEYSCDURINGPERIODSOFSTRONGTEMPERATUREINVERSIONANDNEARTHUNDERSTORMS13THESTRENGTHANDLOCATIONOFTHEJETSTREAMISNORMALLYASTRONGERANDFARTHERNORTHINTHEWINTERBWEAKERANDFARTHERNORTHINTHESUMMERCSTRONGERANDFARTHERNORTHINTHESUMMER14WHICHISANECESSARYCONDITIONFORTHEOCCURRENCEOFALOWLEVELTEMPERATUREINVERSIONWINDSHEARATHETEMPERATUREDIFFERENTIALBETWEENTHECOLDANDWARMLAYERSMUSTBEATLEAST10DEGREESCBACALMORLIGHTWINDNEARTHESURFACEANDARELATIVELYSTRONGWINDJUSTABOVETHEINVERSIONCAWINDDIRECTIONDIFFERENCEOFATLEAST30DEGREESBETWEENTHEWINDNEARTHESURFACEANDTHEWINDJUSTABOVETHEINVERSION15WHATISTHELOWESTCLOUDINTHESTATIONARYGROUPASSOCIATEDWITHAMOUNTAINWAVEAROTORCLOUDBSTANDINGLENTICULARCLOWSTRATUS16POSSIBLEMOUNTAINWAVETURBULENCECOULDBEANTICIPATEWHENWINDSOF40KNOTSORGREATERBLOWAACROSSAMOUNTAINRIDGE,ANDTHEAIRISSTABLEBDOWNAMOUNTAINVALLEY,ANDTHEAIRIDUNSTABLECPARALLELTOAMOUNTAINPEAK,ANDTHEAIRISSTABLE17WHEREAREJETSTREAMSNORMALLYLOCATEDAINAREASOFSTRONGLOWPRESSURESYSTEMSINTHESTRATOSPHEREBATTHETROPOPAUSEWHEREINTENSIFIEDTEMPERATUREGRADIENTSARELOCATEDCINASINGLECONTINUOUSBAND,ENCIRCLINGTHEEARTH,WHERETHEREISABREAKBETWEENTHEEQUATORIALANDPOLARTROPOPAUSE48METEOROLOGY18WHICHTYPECLOUDSMAYBEASSOCIATEDWITHTHEJETSTREAMACUMULONIMBUSCLOUDLINEWHERETHEJETSTREAMCROSSESTHECOLDFRONTBCIRRUSCLOUDSONTHEEQUATORIALSIDEOFTHEJETSTREAMCCIRROSTRATUSCLOUDBANDONTHEPOLARSIDEANDUNDERTHEJETSTREAM19WHATACTIONISAPPROPRIATEWHENENCOUNTERINGTHEFIRSTRIPPLEOFREPORTEDCLEARAIRTURBULENCECATAEXTENDFLAPSTODECREASEWINDLOADINGBEXTENDGEARTOPROVIDEMOREDRAGANDINCREASESTABILITYCADJUSTAIRSPEEDTOTHATRECOMMENDEDFORROUGHAIR20WHICHFLIGHTCONDITIONSOFALARGEJETAIRPLANECREATETHEMOSTSEVEREFLIGHTHAZARDBYGENERATINGWINGTIPVORTICESOFTHEGREATESTSTRENGTHAHEAVY,SLOW,GEARANDFLAPSUPBHEAVY,SLOW,GEARANDFLAPSDOWNCHEAVY,FAST,GEARANDFLAPSDOWN21HAZARDOUSVORTEXTURBULENCETHATMIGHTBEENCOUNTEREDBEHINDLARGEAIRCRAFTISCREATEDONLYWHENTHATAIRCRAFTISADEVELOPINGLIFTBOPERATINGATHIGHAIRSPEEDSCUSINGHIGHPOWERSETTINGS22WINGTIPVORTICESCREATEDBYLARGEAIRCRAFTTENDTOASINKBELOWTHEA