12月大学英语四级试题和参考答案解析[1]

考场内外在线课堂全真题库我爱英语网考试中心全真题库CET4题库2007年12月大学英语四级试题及参考答案2007年12月大学英语四级试题及参考答案我爱英语网HTTP/WWW52ENCOM听力PARTIWRITING30MINUTESWHATELECTIVESTOCHOOSE1各大学开设了各种各样的选修课2学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课3以你自己为例PARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSIONSKIMMINGANDSCANNING15MINUTESUNIVERSITIESBRANCHOUTASNEVERBEFOREINTHEIRLONGHISTORY,UNIVERSITIESHAVEBECOMEINSTRUMENTSOFNATIONALCOMPETITIONASWELLASINSTRUMENTSOFPEACETHEYARETHEPLACEOFTHESCIENTIFICDISCOVERIESTHATMOVEECONOMIESFORWARD,ANDTHEPRIMARYMEANSOFEDUCATINGTHETALENTREQUIREDTOOBTAINANDMAINTAINCOMPETITIVEADVANTAGEBUTATTHESAMETIME,THEOPENINGOFNATIONALBORDERSTOTHEFLOWOFGOODS,SERVICES,INFORMATIONANDESPECIALLYPEOPLEHASMADEUNIVERSITIESAPOWERFULFORCEFORGLOBALINTEGRATION,MUTUALUNDERSTANDINGANDGEOPOLITICALSTABILITYINRESPONSETOTHESAMEFORCESTHATHAVEDRIVENTHEWORLDECONOMY,UNIVERSITIESHAVEBECOMEMORESELFCONSCIOUSLYGLOBALSEEKINGSTUDENTSFORMAROUNDTHEWORLDWHOREPRESENTTHEENTIRERANGEOFCULTURESANDVALUES,SENDINGTHEIROWNSTUDENTSABROADTOPREPARETHEMFORGLOBALCAREERS,OFFERINGCOURSESOFSTUDYTHATADDRESSTHECHALLENGESOFANINTERCONNECTEDWORLDANDCOLLABORATIVE合作的RESEARCHPROGRAMSTOADVANCESCIENCEFORTHEBENEFITOFALLHUMANITYOFTHEFORCESSHAPINGHIGHEREDUCATIONNONEISMORESWEEPINGTHANTHEMOVEMENTACROSSBORDERSOVERTHEPASTTHREEDECADESTHENUMBEROFSTUDENTSLEAVINGHOMEEACHYEARTOSTUDYABROADHASGROWNATANANNUALRATEOF39PERCENT,FROM800,000IN1975TO25MILLIONIN2004MOSTTRAVELFROMONEDEVELOPEDNATIONTOANOTHER,BUTTHEFLOWFROMDEVELOPINGTODEVELOPEDCOUNTRIESISGROWINGRAPIDLYTHEREVERSEFLOW,FROMDEVELOPEDTODEVELOPINGCOUNTRIES,ISONTHERISE,TOOTODAYFOREIGNSTUDENTSEARN30PERCENTOFTHEDOCTORALDEGREESAWARDEDINTHEUNITEDSTATESAND38PERCENTOFTHOSEINTHEUNITEDKINGDOMANDTHENUMBERCROSSINGBORDERSFORUNDERGRADUATESTUDYISGROWINGASWELL,TO8PERCENTOFTHEUNDERGRADUATESATAMERICASBESTINSTITUTIONSAND10PERCENTOFALLUNDERGRADUATESINTHEUKINTHEUNITEDSTATES,20PERCENTOFTHENEWLYHIREDPROFESSORSINSCIENCEANDENGINEERINGAREFOREIGNBORN,ANDINCHINAMANYNEWLYHIREDFACULTYMEMBERSATTHETOPRESEARCHUNIVERSITIESRECEIVEDTHEIRGRADUATEEDUCATIONABROADUNIVERSITIESAREALSOENCOURAGINGSTUDENTSTOSPENDSOMEOFTHEIRUNDERGRADUATEYEARSINANOTHERCOUNTRYINEUROPE,MORETHAN140,000STUDENTSPARTICIPATEINTHEERASMUSPROGRAMEACHYEAR,TAKINGCOURSESFORCREDITINONEOF2,200PARTICIPATINGINSTITUTIONSACROSSTHECONTINENTANDINTHEUNITEDSTATES,INSTITUTIONSAREHELPINGPLACESTUDENTSINSUMMERINTERNSHIPS实习ABROADTOPREPARETHEMFORGLOBALCAREERSYALEANDHARVARDHAVELEDTHEWAY,OFFERINGEVERYUNDERGRADUATEATLEASTONEINTERNATIONALSTUDYORINTERNSHIPOPPORTUNITYANDPROVIDINGTHEFINANCIALRESOURCESTOMAKEITPOSSIBLEGLOBALIZATIONISALSORESHAPINGTHEWAYRESEARCHISDONEONENEWTRENDINVOLVESSOURCINGPORTIONSOFARESEARCHPROGRAMTOANOTHERCOUNTRYYALEPROFESSORANDHOWARDHUGHESMEDICALINSTITUTEINVESTIGATORTIANXUDIRECTSARESEARCHCENTERFOCUSEDONTHEGENETICSOFHUMANDISEASEATSHANGHAISFUDANUNIVERSITY,INCOLLABORATIONWITHFACULTYCOLLEAGUESFROMBOTHSCHOOLSTHESHANGHAICENTERHAS95EMPLOYEESANDGRADUATESTUDENTSWORKINGINA4,300SQUAREMETERLABORATORYFACILITYYALEFACULTY,POSTDOCTORSANDGRADUATESTUDENTSVISITREGULARLYANDATTENDVIDEOCONFERENCESEMINARSWITHSCIENTISTSFROMBOTHCAMPUSESTHEARRANGEMENTBENEFITSBOTHCOUNTRIESXUSYALELABISMOREPRODUCTIVE,THANKSTOTHELOWERCOSTSOFCONDUCTINGRESEARCHINCHINA,ANDCHINESEGRADUATESTUDENTS,POSTDOCTORSANDFACULTYGETONTHEJOBTRAININGFROMAWORLDCLASSSCIENTISTANDHISUSTEAMASARESULTOFITSSTRENGTHINSCIENCE,THEUNITEDSTATESHASCONSISTENTLYLEDTHEWORLDINTHECOMMERCIALIZATIONOFMAJORNEWTECHNOLOGIES,FROMTHEMAINFRAMECOMPUTERANDTHEINTEGRATEDCIRCUITOFTHE1960STOTHEINTERNETINFRASTRUCTURE基础设施ANDAPPLICATIONSSOFTWAREOFTHE1990STHELINKBETWEENUNIVERSITYBASEDSCIENCEANDINDUSTRIALAPPLICATIONISOFTENINDIRECTBUTSOMETIMESHIGHLYVISIBLESILICONVALLEYWASINTENTIONALLYCREATEDBYSTANFORDUNIVERSITY,ANDROUTE128OUTSIDEBOSTONHASLONGHOUSEDCOMPANIESSPUNOFFFROMMITANDHARVARDAROUNDTHEWORLD,GOVERNMENTSHAVEENCOURAGEDCOPYINGOFTHISMODEL,PERHAPSMOSTSUCCESSFULLYINCAMBRIDGE,ENGLAND,WHEREMICROSOFTANDSCORESOFOTHERLEADINGSOFTWAREANDBIOTECHNOLOGYCOMPANIESHAVESETUPSHOPAROUNDTHEUNIVERSITYFORALLITSSUCCESS,THEUNITEDSTATESREMAINSDEEPLYHESITANTABOUTSUSTAININGTHERESEARCHUNIVERSITYMODELMOSTPOLITICIANRECOGNIZETHELINKBETWEENINVESTMENTINSCIENCEANDNATIONALECONOMICSTRENGTH,BUTSUPPORTFORRESEARCHFUNDINGHASBEENUNSTEADYTHEBUDGETOFTHENATIONALINSTITUTESOFHEALTHDOUBLEDBETWEEN1998AND2003,BUTHASRISENMORESLOWLYTHANINFLATIONSINCETHENSUPPORTFORTHEPHYSICALSCIENCESANDENGINEERINGBARELYKEPTPACEWITHINFLATIONDURINGTHATSAMEPERIODTHEATTEMPTTOMAKEUPLOSTGROUNDISWELCOME,BUTTHENATIONWOULDBEBETTERSERVEDBYSTEADY,PREDICTABLEINCREASESINSCIENCEFUNDINGATTHERATEOFLONGTERMGDPGROWTH,WHICHISONTHEORDEROFINFLATIONPLUS3PERCENTPERYEARAMERICANPOLITICIANSHAVEGREATDIFFICULTYRECOGNIZINGTHATADMITTINGMOREFOREIGNSTUDENTSCANGREATLYPROMOTETHENATIONALINTERESTBYINCREASINGINTERNATIONALUNDERSTANDINGADJUSTEDFORINFLATION,PUBLICFUNDINGFORINTERNATIONALEXCHANGESANDFOREIGNLANGUAGESTUDYISWELLBELOWTHELEVELSOF40YEARSAGOINTHEWAKEOFSEPTEMBER11,CHANGESINTHEVISAPROCESSCAUSEDADRAMATICDECLINEINTHENUMBEROFFOREIGNSTUDENTSSEEKINGADMISSIONTOUSUNIVERSITIES,ANDACORRESPONDINGSURGEINENROLLMENTSINAUSTRALIA,SINGAPOREANDTHEUKOBJECTIONSFROMAMERICANUNIVERSITYANDBUSINESSLEADERSLEDTOIMPROVEMENTSINTHEPROCESSANDAREVERSALOFTHEDECLINE,BUTTHEUNITEDSTATESISSTILLSEENBYMANYASUNWELCOMINGTOINTERNATIONALSTUDENTSMOSTAMERICANSRECOGNIZETHATUNIVERSITIESCONTRIBUTETOTHENATIONSWELLBEINGTHROUGHTHEIRSCIENTIFICRESEARCH,BUTMANYFEARTHATFOREIGNSTUDENTSTHREATENAMERICANCOMPETITIVENESSBYTAKINGTHEIRKNOWLEDGEANDSKILLSBACKHOMETHEYFAILTOGRASPTHATWELCOMINGFOREIGNSTUDENTSTOTHEUNITEDSTATESHASTWOIMPORTANTPOSITIVEEFFECTSFIRST,THEVERYBESTOFTHEMSTAYINTHESTATESANDLIKEIMMIGRANTSTHROUGHOUTHISTORYSTRENGTHENTHENATIONANDSECOND,FOREIGNSTUDENTSWHOSTUDYINTHEUNITEDSTATESBECOMEAMBASSADORSFORMANYOFITSMOSTCHERISHED珍视VALUESWHENTHEYRETURNHOMEORATLEASTTHEYUNDERSTANDTHEMBETTERINAMERICAASELSEWHERE,FEWINSTRUMENTSOFFOREIGNPOLICYAREASEFFECTIVEINPROMOTINGPEACEANDSTABILITYASWELCOMINGINTERNATIONALUNIVERSITYSTUDENTS1FROMTHEFIRSTPARAGRAPHWEKNOWTHATPRESENTDAYUNIVERSITIESHAVEBECOME_AMOREANDMORERESEARCHORIENTEDBINSERVICETRAININGORGANIZATIONSCMOREPOPULARIZEDTHANEVERBEFOREDAPOWERFULFORCEFORGLOBALINTEGRATION2OVERTHEPASTTHREEDECADES,THEENROLLMENTOFOVERSEASSTUDENTSHASINCREASED_ABY25MILLIONBBY800,000CATANANNUALRATEOF39PERCENTDATANANNUALRATEOF8PERCENT3INTHEUNITEDSTATES,HOWMANYOFTHENEWLYHIREDPROFESSORSINSCIENCEANDENGINEERINGAREFOREIGNBORNA10B20C30D384HOWDOYALEANDHARVARDPREPARETHEIRUNDERGRADUATESFORGLOBALCAREERSATHEYORGANIZEASERIESOFSEMINARSONWORLDECONOMYBTHEYOFFERTHEMVARIOUSCOURSESININTERNATIONALPOLITICSCTHEYARRANGEFORTHEMTOPARTICIPATEINTHEERASMUSPROGRAMDTHEYGIVETHEMCHANCESFORINTERNATIONALSTUDYORINTERNSHIP5ANEXAMPLEILLUSTRATINGTHEGENERALTRENDOFUNIVERSITIESGLOBALIZATIONIS_AYALESCOLLABORATIONWITHFUDANUNIVERSITYONGENETICRESEARCHBYALESHELPINGCHINESEUNIVERSITIESTOLAUNCHRESEARCHPROJECTSCYALESSTUDENTSEXCHANGEPROGRAMWITHEUROPEANINSTITUTIONSDYALESESTABLISHINGBRANCHCAMPUSESTHROUGHOUTTHEWORLD6WHATDOWELEARNABOUTSILICONVALLEYFROMTHEPASSAGEAITHOUSESMANYCOMPANIESSPUNOFFFROMMITANDHARVARDBITISKNOWNTOBETHEBIRTHPLACEOFMICROSOFTCOMPANYCITWASINTENTIONALLYCREATEDBYSTANFORDUNIVERSITYDITISWHERETHEINTERNETINFRASTRUCTUREWASBUILTUP7WHATISSAIDABOUTTHEUSFEDERALFUNDINGFORRESEARCHAITHASINCREASEDBY3PERCENTBITHASBEENUNSTEADYFORYEARSCITHASBEENMORETHANSUFFICIENTDITDOUBLEDBETWEEN1998AND20038THEDRAMATICDECLINEINTHEENROLLMENTOFFOREIGNSTUDENTSINTHEUSAFTERSEPTEMBER11WASCAUSEDBY_9MANYAMERICANSFEARTHATAMERICANCOMPETITIVENESSMAYBETHREATENEDBYFOREIGNSTUDENTSWHOWILL_10THEPOLICYOFWELCOMINGFOREIGNSTUDENTSCANBENEFITTHEUSINTHATTHEVERYBESTOFTHEMWILLSTAYAND_PARTIIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION35MINUTESSECTIONA11ASHEUSEDTOBEINPOORHEALTHBSHEWASPOPULARAMONGBOYSCSHEWASSOMEWHATOVERWEIGHTDSHEDIDNTDOWELLATHIGHSCHOOL12AATTHEAIRPORTBINARESTAURANTCINABOOKINGOFFICEDATTHEHOTELRECEPTION13ATEACHINGHERSONBYHERSELFBHAVINGCONFIDENCEINHERSONCASKINGTHETEACHERFOREXTRAHELPDTELLINGHERSONNOTTOWORRY14AHAVEASHORTBREAKBTAKETWOWEEKSOFFCCONTINUEHERWORKOUTDOORSDGOONVACATIONWITHTHEMAN15AHEISTAKINGCAREOFHISTWINBROTHERBHEHASBEENFEELINGILLALLWEEKCHEISWORRIEDABOUTRODSHEALTHDHEHASBEENINPERFECTCONDITION16ASHESOLDALLHERFURNITUREBEFORESHEMOVEDHOUSEBSHESTILLKEEPSSOMEOLDFURNITUREINHERNEWHOUSECSHEPLANTSTOPUTALLHEROLDFURNITUREINTHEBASEMENTDSHEBOUGHTANEWSETOFFURNITUREFROMITALYLASTMONTH17ATHEWOMANWONDEREDWHYTHEMANDIDNTRETURNTHEBOOKBTHEWOMANDOESNTSEEMTOKNOWWHATTHEBOOKISABOUTCTHEWOMANDOESNTFINDTHEBOOKUSEFULANYMOREDTHEWOMANFORGOTLENDINGTHEBOOKTOTHEMAN18AMOSTOFTHEMANSFRIENDSAREATHLETESBFEWPEOPLESHARETHEWOMANSOPINIONCTHEMANDOESNTLOOKLIKEASPORTSMANDTHEWOMANDOUBTSTHEMANSATHLETICABILITYQUESTIONS19TO22AREBASEDONTHECONVERSATIONYOUHAVEJUSTHEARD19ASHEHASPACKEDITINONEOFHERBAGSBSHEISGOINGTOGETITATTHEAIRPORTCSHEHASPROBABLYLEFTITINATAXIDSHEISAFRAIDTHATSHEHASLOSTIT20AITENDSINWINTERBITWILLCOSTHERALOTCITWILLLASTONEWEEKDITDEPENDSONTHEWEATHER21ATHEPLANEISTAKINGOFFSOONBTHETAXIISWAITINGFORTHEMCTHEREMIGHTBEATRAFFICJAMDTHEREISALOTOFSTUFFTOPACK22AATHOMEBATTHEAIRPORTCINTHEMANSCARDBYTHESIDEOFATAXIQUESTIONS23TO25AREBASEDONTHECONVERSATIONYOUHAVEJUSTHEARD23ASHEISTHIRSTYFORPROMOTIONBSHEWANTSAMUCHHIGHERSALARYCSHEISTIREDOFHERPRESENTWORKDSHEWANTSTOSAVETRAVELEXPENSES24ATRANSLATORBTRAVELAGENTCLANGUAGEINSTRUCTORDENVIRONMENTALENGINEER25ALIVELYPERSONALITYANDINQUIRINGMINDBCOMMUNICATIONSKILLSANDTEAMSPIRITCDEVOTIONANDWORKEFFICIENCYDEDUCATIONANDEXPERIENCESECTIONBPASSAGEONEQUESTIONS26TO29AREBASEDONTHEPASSAGEYOUHAVEJUSTHEARD26ATHEYCAREALOTABOUTCHILDRENBTHEYNEEDLOOKINGAFTERINTHEIROLDAGECTHEYWANTTOENRICHTHEIRLIFEEXPERIENCEDTHEYWANTCHILDRENTOKEEPTHEMCOMPANY27ATHEYAREUSUALLYADOPTEDFROMDISTANTPLACESBTHEIRBIRTHINFORMATIONISUSUALLYKEPTSECRETCTHEIRBIRTHPARENTSOFTENTRYTOCONCEALTHEIRBIRTHINFORMATIONDTHEIRADOPTIVEPARENTSDONTWANTTHEMTOKNOWTHEIRBIRTHPARENTS28ATHEYGENERALLYHOLDBADFEELINGSTOWARDSTHEIRBIRTHPARENTSBTHEYDONOTWANTTOHURTTHEFEELINGSOFTHEIRADOPTIVEPARENTSCTHEYHAVEMIXEDFEELINGSABOUTFINDINGTHEIRNATURALPARENTSDTHEYAREFULLYAWAREOFTHEEXPENSESINVOLVEDINTHESEARCH29AEARLYADOPTIONMAKESFORCLOSERPARENTCHILDRELATIONSHIPBMOSTPEOPLEPREFERTOADOPTCHILDRENFROMOVERSEASCUNDERSTANDINGISTHEKEYTOSUCCESSFULADOPTIONDADOPTIONHASMUCHTODOWITHLOVEPASSAGETWOQUESTIONS30TO32AREBASEDONTHEPASSAGEYOUHAVEJUSTHEARD30AHESUFFEREDFROMMENTALILLNESSBHEBOUGHTTH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