2019版二轮复习英语练酷版练习：专题一 习题讲评 课七(含解析).doc

1、 主旨大意题增分点(三)写作意图题典例(2017全国卷阅读B节选)I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didnt want me for the film it wanted somebody as well known as Paul he stood up for me. I dont know how many peo

2、ple would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and l

3、ive TV.I last saw him a few months ago. Hed been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didnt talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didnt need a lot of words.27What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo show his love of films.BTo remember a friend.CTo

4、 introduce a new movie.DTo share his acting experience.解析选B本文是按照时间顺序写的，从与保罗的最初相见，到友谊慢慢加深，以及几个月前去看生病的保罗。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“I first met Paul Newman in 1968”以及最后一段中的“I last saw him a few months ago.”可知，作者写此文的意图是回忆一位朋友，故选B项。干扰项分析A项断章取义，作者对电影的热爱不是写此文的目的；C项无中生有，文章并没有介绍一部新电影；D项断章取义，分享自己的表演经历在文中一笔带过，并没有重点写，不是写

5、此文的目的。增分技巧明确文章体裁，巧妙确定写作意图写作意图题要求考生在理解文章主旨的基础上，根据文章的论述，推测作者的写作意图及应用某种写作手法的目的。题干中常有purpose, in order to等词。不同体裁的文章写作意图是不同的。体裁写作意图广告推销某种产品或某种服务，或是通过对影片、电视节目、旅游景点等的介绍以吸引更多的观众、读者或游客等说明文向人们展示某物的用途或制作过程研究报告向人们展示某种研究结果议论文论述一个道理或表达一个观点记叙文向人们分享经历、叙述一件事情或表达感情等解答写作意图题要通过文章中的文字表述、上下文的逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知信息，推断出作者没有直接表达

6、出的态度和观点。注意总结性的提示词和转折词，特别要注意中心句。训练目标(一) 对点练攻克失分短板A(2018浙江高考阅读A节选).How did Dickens get to the top？For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass.Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1

7、901；today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them.Its partly true that Dickens style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress.But its also that he rewrote the culture of literature a

8、nd put himself at the center.No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible and important for our own culture to understand how he made himself a lasting one.23What is t

9、he authors purpose in writing the text?ATo remember a great writer.BTo introduce an English novel.CTo encourage studies on culture.DTo promote values of the Victorian age.解析：选A根据本段对查尔斯狄更斯及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和本段最后一句可知，本文是写于查尔斯狄更斯诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文的意图是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。B(2017全国卷阅读A节选).Support Pacific Sci

10、ence CenterSince 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion (热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquirybased science education to classrooms and community events a

11、ll over Washington State.Its an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations.Visit to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.23What is the purpose of the last part o

12、f the text?ATo encourage donations.BTo advertise coming events.CTo introduce special exhibits.DTo tell about the Centers history.解析：选A根据本段小标题Support Pacific Science Center以及最后两句可知，太平洋科学中心(Pacific Science Center)的成长和发展离不开个人、企业和社会团体的慷慨解囊，因此本部分的写作意图是为了鼓励大家以各种方式支持太平洋科学中心，这其中当然包括捐助。C(2016北京高考阅读A节选)Decemb

13、er 15, 2014Dear Alfred，I want to tell you how important your help is to my life.Growing up, I had people telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150 at 17, Im anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADHD (注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for

14、more than an hour at a time.Thank you. Youve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because Im doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole.This is why youre saving my life.Yours，Tanis58Tanis wrote this letter in order to

15、 .Aexplain why she was interested in the computerBshare the ideas she had for her professionCshow how grateful she was to the centerDdescribe the courses she had taken so far解析：选C根据第一段“I want to tell you how important your help is to my life.”可知，作者在文章开头直接说明写信的目的“我想要告诉你，你的帮助对我的人生是多么重要”；倒数第二段中的“Thank

16、you.”再次表明本文的写作意图是：塔尼斯表达对这个学习中心的感激之情。故选C。训练目标(二) 综合练提高解题速度(加的题目为写作意图题)A“Sorry seems to be the hardest word” that is one of Elton Johns most popular songs. But not every public figure seems to find it so tough to say that powerful fiveletter word.In recent days public figures, from politicians to star

17、s, have all publicly expressed remorse.But with so much remorse, how can we tell a forced apology from a heartfelt expression of remorse?Specifically, saying sorry should be a realization that something you have said or done has hurt someone and you want to make amends (弥补), “People want the respons

18、e to be personal to them.They want to feel that theyre being listened to and taken seriously，” says Martin Stone.Firstly, it is important to show that you understand. It is vital that any group or a person making an apology understands the focus is it sorry for the way its acted or is it sorry that

19、the complainant feels the way they do?Watch out for the speed of response.The quicker the apology comes, the better it indicates that the person making it has felt an immediate sense of guilt.If sincere, the person making the apology will be looking for clues (线索) to see if he or she is being unders

20、tood, such as eye contact and facial expressions.Performed apologies always have a sense of being “acted out”， and are often accompanied by too many unnatural gestures.For a sincere apology, it is also important to avoid promises that cant be kept.Dont say that youll make sure that this will not hap

21、pen again if youre not confident that it wont.It could come back to bite you.And do remember that the use of “but” can hugely change the tone (语气) of an apology.As Stone points out, “Im sorry but .” sounds like you are making excuses and arent actually taking any form of responsibility.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文

22、。如何辨别道歉是真心还是假意？文章给你提出了一些建议。1.What is the purpose of the text?ATo explain what a good apology is.BTo discuss how to give a formal apology.CTo show why we should apologize in life.DTo teach us how to tell if an apology is sincere.解析：选D写作意图题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段的第二句可知，本文主要告诉我们如何分辨一个人的道歉是真心还是假意。2What does the u

23、nderlined word “remorse” probably mean?APain. BWorry.CRegret. DDoubt.解析：选C词义猜测题。结合第一段的“But not every public figure seems to find it so tough to say that powerful fiveletter word.”可知，最近一些公众人物公开致歉，也就是表达“懊悔”，对于他们来说道歉并不是那么难的事情。3Which of the following indicates its a “performed” apology?ASwearing it will

24、 not happen again.BAvoiding eye contact with the listener.CShowing you understand his/her feelings.DPaying attention to the listeners reaction.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第六段的内容可知，如果一个人是真心表达歉意，他会关注道歉对象的反应，比如用眼神交流或者观察面部表情。假意的道歉则不会这么做。4What is stressed in the last paragraph?AThe attitude. BThe tone of voice.CThe bod

25、y language. DThe choice of language.解析：选D细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“avoid promises that cant be kept” 和 “the use of but”可知，最后一段是针对道歉的语言选择给出了建议。BI enter my family home one last time.It is the first and only house my family owned in Canada and it is about to be sold.I stand in the quiet living room.Everything is

26、kept in its original state, until next week when the contents will be moved to make way for the new owners.In the advertisement selling the house, the house agent described it as “a dolls house”A perfect description.As I wander through the little rooms, it still amazes me that the six of us coexiste

27、d here as well as we did.I walk across to my parents bedroom: It is this room that will be the hardest to leave.It is where my mother and father played out their daily ritual (习惯) as she neared the end.While she slept my father sat at the foot of the bed, pretending to read, watchful of her every mo

28、ve.No matter how stealthily (偷偷地) he attempted to leave she would feel it.“Where are you going, James？” she would ask in her soft Scottish tones (语调)“Ill be back, Cathy，” he promised.“As long as I know youre there，” she would say.My father died suddenly one year after losing my mom.A week before it

29、happened，he said，“Sing no sad songs for me, girl.I lived the life I wanted.” I think of those words now as his last and most precious gift to me.It is time to go. I do another quick check through the rooms and lock the door.As I drive down the street, out of habit I glance in my rearview mirror and

30、can almost see my mother, standing at the bottom of the driveway seeing me off.“Love you, baby，” she would call after me in her sweet Scots accent, waving her arm until I was out of her sight.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者最后一次回到一家人曾一起生活过的小屋，重温他们在那里度过的美好时光。5Why was the authors house called “a dolls house”？AIt was

31、small in size.BIt was filled with dolls.CIt was designed by girls.DIt was beautifully decorated.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，作者走进他们一家人曾住过的小房子里，感叹他们六个人怎么能挤在这么小的房子里还过得那么开心。此处的little是提示词。a dolls house用比喻的手法形容作者家的房子小得像是给玩偶住的。6What did the ritual of the authors parents show?AThey were wellbehaved.BThey distrus

32、ted each other.CThey lacked communication.DThey held deep affection for each other.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句及下文作者父母间的对话可知，他们的一举一动都流露出对彼此深深的爱。7What was the final present the author received from her father?AA song for her. BA sincere goodbye.CHis appreciative words. DHis attitude towards life.解析：选D推理判断题。根

33、据倒数第三段中父亲的话可知他过上了自己想要的生活，所以让女儿不要为他的离开而感到难过。父亲在临终前将自己对生活的态度分享给了作者，这对作者来说是弥足珍贵的礼物。8.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo advertise her house.BTo remember her family.CTo show her love for Canada.DTo share her childhood experiences.解析：选B写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者最后一次回到曾经跟家人生活过的小屋，触景生情，想起父母曾经每天“上演”一遍

34、的老规矩及临别时母亲在她身后挥手告别的场景，由此可推出作者写这篇文章的意图是为了怀念她的家人。CMany schools have adopted a policy requiring high school students to take at least one arts class (music, theater, dance, visual arts, etc.) in order to graduate. Some people think that this is a good rule because high school students would benefit fro

35、m exposure to the arts.Other people think such a policy would not be appropriate because graduation requirements should only reflect core (核心的) academic subjects.Whats your opinion? Should high schools require that students take at least one fine arts class in order to graduate?Some people argue an

36、arts requirement would punish students who are not interested in the arts.True, many students who are not good at the arts may be worried they will be punished by receiving a low grade.But math class punishes kids who are not interested in math.However, everyone still has to take that.Often, artsrel

37、ated subjects have a broader appeal than one might realize.Art class doesnt just mean painting we could be doing graphic design on computers, and learning skills that we can use in later life just as often as some of the other academics.For example, an engineer will use physics, but he might also us

38、e a graphics computer program to help him design the next great bridge or tall building.Moreover, fine arts classes are good for teenagers.I know there have been many studies about how learning music makes you good at other things too. It exercises a certain part of your brain, and you get better at

39、 learning or thinking about complex ideas.Even if it didnt make you smarter, a music or art class would still mellow you out.High school is a stressful time, and having 40 minutes a day to paint or play the guitar might calm everybody down a little.Plus, taking up art or music as a hobby might occup

40、y a students time outside of school, so they are less likely to get involved with things like drugs.So I hope youll agree there is no reason to fear the arts requirement in high school.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。对于高中生必须通过一门艺术课考试才能毕业的规定，人们褒贬不一，作者给出了自己的观点和理由。9What is a reason why some people are against the arts r

41、equirement?ANot all students have a talent for the arts.BStudents have no time to spare to do the arts.CStudents doing the arts may fail core subjects.DNot all students will need fine arts in the future.解析：选A细节理解题。由第二段内容可知，很多人认为必须通过艺术课的考试才能毕业的规定对于不擅长艺术的孩子不公平，因此他们反对艺术课考试。10Why is the example of the e

42、ngineer given?ATo stress the importance of physics.BTo show the usefulness of art class.CTo describe computers great influence.DTo prove the difficulties with graphic design.解析：选B推理判断题。第三段中提到了“and learning skills that we can use in later life just as often as some of the other academics”，然后作者列举了一个工程

43、师的例子论证上面的观点，目的就是用来说明艺术课可能会在将来用得上，即说明了艺术课是有用的。11What does the underlined part “mellow you out” in Paragraph 4 mean?AGet you involved.BMake you relaxed.CEarn you popularity. DBring you good luck.解析：选B词义猜测题。由画线词后面的解释“High school is a stressful time, and having 40 minutes a day to paint or play the guit

44、ar might calm everybody down a little.”可知，此处是说艺术可以使人放松。mellow out意为“悠然自得”。12.What is the purpose of the text?ATo encourage students to take arts classes.BTo explain the development of the arts.CTo introduce artsrelated subjects.DTo defend the finearts policy.解析：选D写作意图题。由最后一段“So I hope youll agree th

45、ere is no reason to fear the arts requirement in high school.”和文中作者阐述的理由可知，作者强烈支持高中生必须通过一门艺术课考试才能毕业的规定。D(2018石家庄模拟考试)You dont have to be a fan of math to get excited about Pi (“”) Day.While the event may start with some calculations, it is more than likely to conclude with a slice or two of deliciou

46、s pie.The holiday is held every March 14, because “” is widely recognized as 3.14.The tradition of honoring “” began at San Franciscos Exploratorium museum.On March 14, 1988, physicist Larry Shaw convinced his colleagues to mark the day by marching around one of the museums circular spaces and consu

47、ming fruit pies.The celebration was made official in 2009 when the US.House of Representatives set aside March 14 as Pi Day.Today, Pi Day is observed in many creative ways.Students at the California Institute of Technology in Los Angeles host a pieeating event, which begins at 1：59 am.and features 2

48、6 pies, each of five different flavors.Though that might seem random, the date (3.14), time (159), number of pies (26), and number of varieties (5) recreate the first nine digits of “”：3.14159265!Students applying for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge eagerly wait for the day every year to find out if they have been accepted.However, instead of sending out the offers