新人教版新八年级英语下册第一单元知识点

1、肃 Unit1Whatsthematter?螃一询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到什么麻烦时，常用以下句型：肁 1.Whatsthematter（withsb）?膇 3.Whatswrong（withsb）?你怎么了？肆 5.Whatsup?袃 7.AreyouOK?2.Whatsthetrouble/problem（withsb）?4.Whatsonestrouble/problem？6.Whathappenedtosb?8.Isthereanythingwrongwithsb?膈二表达身体不适或疼痛时，常用以下结构：衿1.Sb+have/has+a/an+疾病名称：haveacold/fever/

2、cough/temperature袅2.Sb+have/hasasore+身体部位：haveasorethroat/back羃3.Sb+have/has+a+身体部位achehaveatoothache/headache/stomachache/earache/backache蕿4.Sb+hurt(s)+身体部位/oneself;Hehurthisleg.莇或身体部位+hurts;Myheadhurtsbadly.蚄 5.Thereissomethingwrongwithones+身体部位。肂 6.Sb+have/hasapaininones+身体部位羀三情态动词should/shouldt的

3、用法：意为“应该，应当”后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。聿通常表示提出意见或建议，义务和责任，还可表示命令责备或要求等语气;莃 1.Youshouldliedownandrest.膂 2.Youshouldteatsomuchnexttime.莁 3.WhatshouldIdo?薇 4.ShouldIputsomemedicineonit？-Yes,youshould./No,youshouldt.蒆 SectionA节1.soreadj.疼痛的可作定语或表语Shehasasorethroat/back.Mylegisverysore.薈2.backn.后面，背面Hesatatthebacko

4、ftheclassroom.adv.回（原处）comeback艿3.lievi.躺，卧-lay.lain.lyingliedown躺下芅莂撒谎-lied.lied.lyingYouarelyingtome.n.谎言假话tellalie/lies罿layvt.-laid.laid.laying产卵下蛋放置蚆4.rest休息v./n.Youshouldrestforafewdays.动词用法羄getsomerest=have(take)arest/abreak/breaks休息一下名词用法莂5.toonessurprise使某人惊讶的是常作插入语，位于句首莀Tohissurprise,shefai

5、ledtheexam.蒈 insurprise吃惊地肆 surprising-物Whatsurprisingnews!蒂Surprised-人besurprisedtodo/besurprisedatsth/besurprisedthat螀6.muchtoo+形容词或副词，太.，toomany+可数名词复数，太多袆toomuch+不可数名词，太多也可做副词talk/speak/eat/toomuch螅7.enough形容、副词,足够的/地，(1)enough+名词;enoughwater薂(2)形副+enough;goodenough膁 8.soundlike+名词代词和从句：听起来像薈Its

6、oundslikeyoudontknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.薄 Sound(look/feel/taste/smell)+形容词听起来.eg.Themusicsoundsnice.蚂9.need(1).需要，实义动词人作主语need+sth，需要某物；need(sb)todosth.需要做某事，芈(2).物作主语；sthneedsdoing/tobedone;Theroomneedscleaning/tobecleaned.肆 (3)情态动词,多用于否定句或疑问句NeedIstayhere?-Yes,youmust./No,youneedt.莃10.a

7、gree同意，赞同-disagree(反义词)agreewithsb.同意某人agreetodo.同意做某事螁 11.rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意为马上。虿12.advice(不可数n.)建议,意见apieceofadvice一条建议someadvice一些建议螈givesb.adviceonsth./takeonesadvice莆advisev.advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事（不定式做宾语补足语）袁advisedoingsth.建议做某事（动名词作宾语）肀13.hurt及物动词（vt.），使疼痛，受伤，Hehurthisleg.Hehurtherf

8、eelings.芆不及物动词（vi.)，（部位）疼。Hisleghurtbadly.膅14.hit-hit（过去式）（用手或器具）打；击打Theboyhitthedogwithastone.羁hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位；蒁heface/eye/stomach打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。羈当名词用时；gethitonthehead头部受到撞击袄15.seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事（强调瞬间动作）Isawaboyplayingfootballnearmyhome.羁Seesbd

9、osth看见某人做某事（强调整个过程）Wesawhimcrosstheroad.袂 16.shouttosb向某人喊话莅 shoutatsb冲某人叫喊（贬义）羇 shoutforhelp大声呼救肁 17.expectsbtodosth期待某人去做某事。聿18.thinkabout（+doing）考虑thinkof想起，认为thinkover仔细考虑thinkup想出肇19.falldown（+from）摔倒，跌倒fallbehind落后，跟不上fallinto落入fallasleep入睡蚅fallinlovewith爱上falloff从跌落下来膁 20.重点语法葿【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身

10、代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。衿数蒄第一人称芁第二人称袀第三人称人称芇单数芃myself莁yourself芁himselfherselfitself罿复数芆ourselves蒀yourselves莈themselves蒇用在某些固定短语当中。肅如：lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself照顾自己薀teachoneselfsth./learnsth.byoneself自学蝿enjoyoneself玩得高兴，过得愉快腿 helponeselftosth请自用（随便吃/喝些）.袄 hurtoneself摔伤自己袄 saytoonese

11、lf自言自语膀 leavesb.byoneself把某人单独留下蚇 buyoneselfsth.给自己买东西袇introduceoneself介绍自己羄【提醒】薁 1.反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。荿 如：我自己能完成作业。蚆（误）Myselfcanfinishmyhomework.肄(正)Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework./Icanfinishmyhomeworkmyself.羂 2.反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。螆 表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用onesown.莄如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。膄（误

12、）Imdrawingwithmyselfcrayons.(正)Imdrawingwithmyowncrayons.肈作同位语；Didyoumakethecakeyourself?做表语Imnotmyselftoday.蒈21.trouble(不可数)；苦恼，问题膃beintrouble处于困境膄 getintotrouble陷入困境蕿 maketrouble制造麻烦羆havetrouble/difficulties/problems(in)doingsth做.有麻烦做某事有困难膆 22.putonsth在某物上放芄 putsomemedicineonthecut(伤口)羀 putabandag

13、eonit在它上面放绷带蚈23.inthesameway以同样的方式onthewayto在去的路上羅intheway挡路outoftheway不再碍事莃bytheway顺便说一下inthisway用这种方法莁 inaway在某种程度上膆24.短语toomuch太多liedown躺下螄putsomemedicineon.在.上敷药haveafever发烧蒃takebreaks/takeabreak休息withoutthinkingtwice没多蒈getoff下车takesbtothehospital送某人去医院袈waitfor等待toonessurprise使.惊讶的蒃intime及时think

14、about考虑薃haveaheartproblem患有心脏病getintothetrouble遇到麻烦衿dotherightthing做正确的事情事情falldown摔倒芆put.onsth把.放在某物上gethit/sunburned摔伤/烧伤薆beinterestedin对.感兴趣beusedto习惯于.蚃takerisks/takearisk挑战loseoneslife失去生命芀becauseof因为runoutof用完肈cutoff切除getoutof从.出来芅makeadecision/decisions做决定beincontrolof掌管；管理螃giveup放弃getanX-ray

15、拍X光片蚁takeonestemperature量体温hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的热茶蒅seeadentist看牙医getoff下车-geton上车肃allweekend整个周末awayfrom远离螃fortoolong太长时间onthesideoftheroad在马路边肁withoutthinkingtwice没多想getsunburned被晒伤膇haveaheartproblem有心脏病feelveryhot感到很热肆haveanosebleed流鼻血cuthisknee割伤他的膝盖袃putherheadback把她的头向后仰savealife挽救生命羄ontime准时dothe

16、rightthing做正确的事蚅gomountainclimbing去爬山薁 gotoadoctor=gotoseeadoctor=gotothedoctors看医生蝿 thanksto多亏,由于（=becauseof=withthehelpof）莅 SectionB肃1.sickadj.生病的，有病的。作表语和定语。ill只能作表语be/feelsick=beill恶心的Ifeelalittlesick.莀厌倦的besickofImsickofrunning.螈2.beusedtosth./doingsth.习惯于适应做某事(be强调状态=get=become强调渐变过程)螆 Heisuse

17、dtogettingupearly.袅腿beusedtodosth=beusedforsth/doing被用于做某事（被动语态）Woodisusedtomakehouses.袈Usedtodosth过去常常做某事Heusedtogotoworkbybus.膇3.takearisk=takerisks冒险theriskofsth/doing的风险芃risk(sb.)todosth.冒险去做某事atrisk在危险中膂 4.inaverydangeroussituation在一种非常危险的情况下羈 5.sth.runout某物用完，用尽芄 Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthath

18、ewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.羅sb.runoutofsth.人用尽了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.羁6blood血，不可数n.。adropofblood一滴血-bloody有血的，出血的adj.肈7.mean-meantv.意味着做某事meandoingsth蚅打算做meantodosthImeantogotomorrow.蒂meaning可数n.含义意思。mean形容词：小气的，吝啬的螀 Whatdoyoumeanbytheword?膈=Whatdoesthewordmean?肅=Whatistheme

19、aningoftheword?膄 8.theimportanceof(doing)sth.（做）某事的重要性螂 Westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceof(learning)English.芈 Doyouunderstandtheimportanceofstudyinghard?蒆importancen.重要（性），importantadj.重要的-unimportant(不)重要的薂9.free形容词：空闲的freetime；免费的Thedrinkisforfree；薁自由的Iwanttobecomeafreebird.莈free【动词】使解脱，得到自由：Hecouldnotfreehisarm.袇10.decisionn.决定；抉择；makeadecision做决定莄 makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth芀 =makeuponesmingtodosth=determinetodosth下决心做某事莇11.beincontrolof掌管，管理Theheadma