色彩changshi（色彩changshi）

1、色彩changshi（色彩changshi）The concept, common sense of color2009-07-21The types of colorA variety of colors can be divided into two categories with no color lines and color lines:1. no color lines no color line refers to the white and black and white black by blending various shades of the formation of

2、different gray. No color in accordance with certain rules, can be arranged in a series, from white to gray, gray gradient, dark gray to black color on call this series of black and white. The change from white to black and white series, can be represented by a vertical shaft, one end is white, one i

3、s black, the middle transition gray. White is completely reflected the ideal object, black is the ideal object completely absorbed. But in real life there is no black and white objects, pigments used in white and white only close to white, black and black coal can be reached. No color line color is

4、only a basic nature - brightness. They do not have the properties of hue and purity, that is to say their hue and purity in theory are equal to zero. The color brightness available to black and white, near white, brightness higher; more black, lower brightness. Black and white as pigment, reflectanc

5、e can adjust the color of object, the object color brightness increase or reduce brightness.2. color lines (the color) color is red, orange, yellow, green, green, blue, purple and other colors. Different brightness and purity of the orange yellow green blue purple tones are color lines. Color is det

6、ermined by the optical wavelength and amplitude, wavelength determines hue, amplitude determined tone.The basic feature of colorColor color has three basic features: hue, purity (also known as chroma, lightness, saturation). In the color on the color of the property is also known as the three or thr

7、ee elements of color.1. color hue is the largest feature of color. The so-called color refers to the color accurately representing some other names. Such as rose red, orange yellow, lemon yellow, ultramarine, cobalt blue, green. From the optical physics, various color is determined by the spectral c

8、omposition of the light of the eye shot of everyone. For monochromatic light, the color appearance depends entirely on the wavelength of light; for mixed light, relative quantity depends on various wavelength light. The color of the object is composed of light source spectral components and surface

9、reflection (or transmission) the characteristics of the decision.2. purity (chroma, saturation) color purity is the pure degree of color, it said colored elements contained in the proportion of color. The greater the proportion of components containing color, color purity is higher, the proportion o

10、f the smaller components containing color, color purity is also lower. All sorts of color in the visible spectrum of light is the most pure color for ultimate purity. When a color with black and white or other color, purity changes. When the mixed color reaches a large proportion, in the eyes, the o

11、riginal color will lose its luster, and become mixed color. Of course, this does not mean that this is in the blending color has the original color, but because a lot of other people with color and the original pigment is assimilated, the human eye has been unable to feel them.The surface structure

12、of the purity and color of objects of colored objects. If the surface is rough, the diffuse reflection function will decrease the purity of the color; if the surface is smooth, then the total reflection will make more bright colors.3. brightness brightness refers to the color of the bright. All kind

13、s of colored objects have color shading intensity due to the difference between the amount of reflected light of them. Color has two ways: one is the same hue of different brightness. As a color under bright lights appear bright, low light irradiation is more grey fuzzy; the same color with black or

14、 white after blending can also produce a variety of different shades. The two is the different brightness of various colors. Each color has its corresponding brightness. The highest brightness of yellow, blue and purple red, green for the lowest brightness, middle brightness. Lightness color change

15、tends to affect the purity,Such as red after adding black brightness reduced, at the same time was also reduced; if the red and white brightness is improved, the purity is decreased.Color hue, lightness and purity of three characteristics are inseparable, the application must also consider the three

16、 factors.Physiological theory of color: color illusion and hallucinationWhen the external object visual stimulation, in the retina of the eye image on the feeling and not immediately disappear, this phenomenon is called visual afterimage. Visual afterimage occurs, is due to traces left by the effect

17、 of nervous excitement, also known as visual afterimage. If the eyes of two continuous visual scene, first look at it one after another, have produced visual contrast, so it is also called continuous contrast. There are two kinds of visual afterimage: when visual nerve excitement has not yet reached

18、 its peak, due to residual inertia effect is called visual afterimage afterimage; because of the visual fatigue and excessive nervous excitement induced the opposite result is negative afterimage. Whether it is positive or negative afterimage afterimage occurred during the process of eye vision feel

19、ing, are not objective reality scene.Positive afterimageThe night of the festival fireworks, often see bright line continuous strips of various shapes. In fact, at any moment, fireworks in any position can only be a bright spot, but the characteristics of persistence of vision, and highlights in the

20、 retina but lead to linear. Again you close your eyes for three minutes before the light, suddenly opened at light for two or three seconds, then close your eyes, then the electric lights in the dark background of the image. The above phenomenon is called afterimage. TV, daylight lamp lights are fla

21、shing, flashing because its frequency is very high, about 100 times per second, due to the positive effects like our eyes, and not observed. The film technology is the use of this principle in the invention, film, when a series of individual moves to 16 seconds over the speed / graphics on the scree

22、n, people feel is continuous action. Modern animation according to the above principle, the action of drawing into individual actions, then the individual action continued to show up, the restoration of a continuous action.Negative afterimageIt is caused by nerve is excited and the like has not yet

23、completed, negative afterimage is the excitement caused by excessive fatigue, so it reflects and is like the opposite. For example, when you long time (two minutes) at a red box, and then his eyes quickly transferred to a white paper, there will be a blue box. This phenomenon in physiology can be in

24、terpreted as: cone cells containing pigment, long time of excitement caused by fatigue, feeling the sensitivity and therefore lower when eyes moved to the white paper, the equivalent of white light minus red, appear light, so cause blue night. This reasoning, when you long time staring at a red box,

25、 and then moved to the yellow background, then, must taste with the green yellow (red afterimage green, green + yellow = green, see the table below).For example: in a white and gray background, a long time (two minutes) at a red box, and then quickly to continue to watch the same local color, backgr

26、ound, blue box will appear on the background. This induces a complementary and repeated reproduction, until the visual fatigue recovery after it disappears completely. This phenomenon is also negative afterimage. The brightness contrast will produce negative afterimage.-Look at the color contrast co

27、lor after look after the color feelingOrange yellow orange flavorRed yellow yellow flavorRed blue greenBlue and red green blue.Red purple blue purple tasteOrange red purple redYellow green orange flavorOrange green green.Orange purple blue purpleOrange and blue purple blueHuang Hongzi Wei HongYellow

28、 orange orange flavorYellow green blue greenHuang Lanzi blueHuang Zilan Wei ZiRed purple redGreen and orange orange flavorGreen yellow orange yellowBlue green purple blueGreen purple purple tasteBlue red orange flavorBlue orange orange flavorBlue and yellow orange yellowBlue green yellow green.Lan Z

29、ihong Wei ZiOrange red purplePurple orange orange flavorYellow green purple yellow flavorYellow green purple and green flavorPurple blue green blue flavor-The grey background, if looking white (or black) box, quickly go to white (or black box), on a grey background will show a darker (or lighter) bo

30、x.Interference of visual negative afterimage often makes us difficult to judge the color. For example, beginners in practice color see color, long time color stimulation will cause visual fatigue and afterimage, feel the color sensitivity decreases, color resolution decreased rapidly. The solution i

31、s to observe the rhythm and see color, avoid visual fatigue.At the same time contrastThe adjacent color changes to the original nature, fill with neighboring color shade.For example:In the same gray black shiny, in white on dark.The same black green gray flavor on red, red and grey green taste in th

32、e bottom, a red ash taste in green on the bottom, a yellow gray flavor in the purple bottom, purple grey taste in yellowIn the same gray red orange and yellow, green, purple on the bottom are with the background color of the color red and purple taste juxtaposition, red orange purple blue tendency t

33、end to. The adjacent color are inclined to the other to the direction of their complementary.Red and green are more aware of its juxtaposition, red red, green like green.At the same time in color contrast, the junction is more obvious, this phenomenon is called the edge contrast. The comparison of c

34、olors at the same time as follows:1, bright and dark bright bright adjacent, more and more dark, dark gray color; and juxtaposition, Yan more brilliant, more ash ash; cold and warm juxtaposition, cold colder, more warm warm.2, different colors are adjacent, are inclined to each other to their comple

35、mentary.3, complementary adjacent to each other, because the contrast effect strongly, each increase of fill light,The color vividness also increased.4, at the same time compared to the effect increases with the increase in purity, and the adjacent junction is the edge part of the most obvious.5, at

36、 the same time the contrast effect only in the adjacent color can be generated, which use the same color with another color when surrounded by the most striking effect.At the same time to strengthen the contrast method:(1) to improve the purity of color contrast, strengthen the purity contrast effec

37、t;(2) to compare the color to establish complementary relations, strengthen the hue contrast effect;(3) expanding the area of contrast, strengthen the area contrast effect.Suppression method:(1) change to improve purity, brightness, purity moderate contrast effect;(2) destroy complementary relations

38、hip, avoid strong contrast color;(3) by using the method of interval, gradient, buffer color contrast effect;(4) the reduction of area contrast, relationship building area balance.For example: Orange bottom with schungite also can strengthen the contrast; and on the bottom with orange yellow and gre

39、y can inhibit and contrast effect.Eaton in the color art pointed out: at the same time compared with the continuous comparison shows that the human eye is only in the complementary relationship, or will meet in balance. Visual afterimage phenomenon and also the effect, both showed a noteworthy physiological facts, that vision requires a corresponding complemen