专业四级写作训练

1、 作 文part 2作 文actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。advertising广告【写作佳句及惯用表达】 1. daily life needs advertisements because the main function of advertising is to disseminate information on commodities, services, culture, employment, student enrolment and even marriage. 日常生活需要广告，因为广告的主要功能是传播有关商品、服务、文化、

2、就业、招生、甚至婚姻方面的信息。2. advertisements provide the most direct, comprehensive and detailed information. we get to know about household goods from advertisements. advertising can be beneficial to the customers if it is true to its claims. 广告提供最直接、全面和详细的信息。我们从广告上了解家用商品。广告如果名副其实，对消费者是有益的。3. advertising crea

3、tes mass markets. without advertisements, manufacturers may find it difficult to sell their products. 广告可开拓市场。如果没有广告，生产者就可能难以销售他们的产品。4.without advertisements, newspapers, commercial radios and television companies could not survive. （如果）没有广告，报社、商业广播电台、电视公司就不能生存。5. advertisements are misleading and c

4、heating. they are filled with flowery phrases and empty promises. 广告起误导作用，并具有欺骗性。广告中充满着华丽的词语和空洞的诺言。6. fake advertising cheats consumers and, in some serious cases, threatens gullible peoples lives.虚假广告欺骗消费者，而且严重地对轻信广告的人们的生命构成威胁。7. advertisers are inconsiderate of the public. what they care about is

5、making money. 广告商不顾大众利益。他们所关心的就是赚钱。8.advertisements are not based on the quality of the goods, but on the principle that if one keeps talking about the same thing long enough, eventually people will pay attention to it. 广告的制作并不是根据产品的质量，而是根据这样的原则：一个人只要长时间一直谈论同一东西，最终人们就会去注意它。9.advertising encourages c

6、onsumers to “keep up with the joneses”, namely, it creates an acquisitive society and a demand for material things. 广告鼓励消费者攀比，换句话说，广告创造出一个贪婪的社会及对物质的需求。 10.consumers are encouraged by advertisements to buy insurance (fear); buy cosmetics (vanity); and eat more than necessary (greed). 广告鼓励消费者买保险（恐惧）；买

7、化妆品（虚荣）；多吃（贪婪）。admonish your friends in private, praise them in public. 对朋友私下劝戒，公开表扬。【写作范文】 advertising is common throughout the world as a way of letting the public know about a product. some people feel that advertising is generally helpful, while others feel it is often harmful. discuss your idea

8、 of good and bad effects of advertising, and decide whether you think it is generally helpful or harmful. use specific examples to support your discussion.write a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:the good and bad effects of advertising you are to write in four paragraphs.in the

9、first paragraph, state your point of view.;in the second paragraph, describe the harmful effects and give specific examples.in the third paragraph, describe the helpful effects and give specific examples.in the last paragraph, restate your point of view.marks will be awarded for content, organizatio

10、n, grammar and appropriacy. failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.in most countries in the world, advertising is common. you can see posters on doors, signs on buses, pictures in magazines, and commercials on tv. though these signs of advertising are often disliked, i feel

11、 that, overall, advertising has very positive results.the harmful effects of advertising are obvious. when you are listening to beautiful music on the radio, a commercial is disturbing when it interrupts your program and changes your mood. television commercials are the worst of all. your program is

12、 stopped, and you are forced to watch an advertisement unless you actively change the channel or leave the room. i think that there should be laws to limit the advertisers right to interrupt tv and radio programs.in general, however, i think that the positive results of advertisements are beneficial

13、 to society and individuals. when i do shopping, i can use advertisements in newspapers to compare prices, features, and quality of the product i want to buy. by being more informed, i can buy something that will benefit me in the long run. with advertisements, people save a lot of time in shopping,

14、 looking for jobs, etc.adversity leads to prosperity. 逆境通向成功。all in all, for a wise and educated shopper, the helpful effects of advertising outweigh the harmful effects.【学习要点】 commercial商业广告 benefit me in the long run从长远来说对我有益。比较in the short run: 从短期来说 all in all 总的说来；总之【要点提示】 is seldom welcome; an

15、d those who want it the most always like it the least.忠言逆耳，就是最需要忠告的人也总是最不喜欢它。结构分析：. introductionds: . （过渡句）ts: though these signs of advertising are often disliked, i feel that, overall, advertising has very positive results. （作者的观点。though clause 使得表达上更严密。）.bodyts1: the harmful effects of advertisin

16、g are obvious. (提出广告有害的一面)ds: . . . .（论据supporting facts）ts2: in general, however, i think that the positive results of advertisements are beneficial to society and individuals.（广告有益的方面）ds: （论据supporting facts）. conclusionall in all, for a wise and educated shopper, the helpful effects of advertisin

17、g outweigh the harmful effects. （作者的结论。all in all起总结作用） 【模拟训练1】35 min. some people enjoy advertisements on tv. others say that advertisements on tv are annoying. what do you think are the reasons for the growing number of ads on tv? and what is your attitude toward ads on tv? use specific reasons fo

18、r your answer. write a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:a new broom sweeps clean.新官上任三把火。my view on advertisements on tvyou are to write in three paragraphs.in the first paragraph, state your point of view.in the second paragraph, give specific examples for your view.in the last

19、 paragraph, restate your point of view.marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.your essay may be based on the outline below:.introductionts: nowadays advertisements are very common. ds: (supporting fac

20、ts). bodyts: there are two reasons, i think, for the growing number of ads on tv. ds: first, thus, ，they by advertising, each producer tries second, they consequently (specific reasons). conclusion as far as i am concerned, i am in favor of / against tv ads because but bicycle自行车after the work is do

21、ne, repose is sweet. 工作到完毕，休息感甜蜜。【写作佳句及惯用表达】1. a bicycle is really an important means of transportation in china. 在中国，自行车是一种重要的运输工具。2. china is called the kingdom of bicycles. 中国被称为自行车王国。3. bicycles do not cause air or sound pollution. 自行车不造成空气或声音污染。4.compared with cars, bicycles cause no environmen

22、tal problems.与汽车相比，自行车不造成环境问题。5.bicycles save energy and parking places. 自行车节省能源和停车场所。6.riding bikes to travel and appreciate the natural scenery is really a wonderful experience. 骑自行车旅行、欣赏自然风景的确是很美妙的活动。7.the bicycle allows us to go anywhere nearby easily. 骑自行车可使我们很容易地到达附近的任何地方。8.bikes are not very

23、expensive on average, and almost every family can afford them. 自行车一般不贵，几乎家家都能买得起。9.during the rush hours, you can often see a boiling sea of bicycles running in all directions.在高峰期间，你可经常看见沸腾的自行车海洋涌向四面八方。 10.riding bikes regularly does good to your health. 经常骑自行车有益于健康。【写作范文】 inventions such as the el

24、ectric lamp and the television have had an important effect on our lives. choose another invention that you think is important. give specific reasons for your choice.write a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:bicycle bicycles have become more and more popular in china. people ride

25、 bikes to their work places, to shopping areas, to schools, and so on. during the rush hours, you can often see a boiling sea of bicycles running in all directions. with the largest number of bike riders in the world, china is often referred to as the kingdom of bicycles.all are not friends that spe

26、ak us fair. 说我们好话的未必全是朋友。compared with cars, bikes have many advantages. first, they are not very expensive, and almost every family can afford them. second, they are very handy and convenient though they are not so fast as cars. with a bike, you can go anywhere you like, and you dont have to look f

27、or a large parking place. by riding bikes, you can avoid traffic jams and thus save the time and the money for taking taxis. third, they do not cause air or sound pollution. riding bikes does good to your health if you ride it regularly. in modern times, people are usually too busy to spare any time

28、 for physical exercise. riding a bike to your work place regularly serves as a good way to keep yourself strong and healthy. therefore, a bicycle is really an important means of transportation in china. it has been very useful, convenient and necessary ever since it was invented. and i do believe it

29、 will still be so in the future.【学习要点】 rush hour 交通拥挤的时间，高峰时刻 handy 便利的；容易取得的（useful and simple to use; near and easy to reach） refer to sth. /sb. 把称作。相当于regard sth. / sb. as serve as 起的作用【要点提示】本文为说明文。本文首先说明自行车在中国普及的现象，然后从几方面说明自行车的advantages，最后总结：a bicycle is really an important means of transportat

30、ion in china. 文章正文部分用列举法（一一列举自行车的好处）和比较对比法（与汽车相比）。关联词语：first, second, third, 【模拟训练2】35 min.all that glitters is not gold. 发光的未必都是金子。 china is called the kingdom of bicycles because it has the largest number of bicycles in the world. what do you think of the advantages and disadvantages of bikes in c

31、hina?write a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:my view on bicycles in china you are to write in three paragraphs.in the first paragraph, state the fact of popularity of bikes in china.in the second paragraph, tell the advantages of bikes.in the final paragraph, state the disadvan

32、tages and your view on it.your composition may be based on the outline below:. introduction ts: china is called the kingdom of bicycles because ds: (popularity of bikes in china).bodyts: compared with cars, bikes have many advantages. ds: first, second, third, besides, (advantages). conclusionhoweve

33、r, ds： (disadvantages and your comment)books书【写作佳句及惯用表达】1.a book that remains shut is but a block. (prov.) 藏书不读如藏木。2.we may spend our lives in reading fiction, but truth beats fiction all the time, and there has never been yet a novel so wonderful as life itself. 尽管我们一辈子看小说，但现实总是胜过小说，从来没有哪本小说有真正的生活色

34、彩。3.books, like friends, should be few and well chosen. (prov.)读书如择友，宜少而精。all is well that ends well. 结果好一切都好。4.a good book is a best friend who never turns his back upon us. (prov.) 好书如挚友，永远不相负。5.books are the everburning lamps of accumulated wisdom. g.w. curtis书籍乃储积智慧之不灭明灯。 葛迪斯6.a good book is the

35、 best of friends, the same today and forever. (prov.) 好书如挚友，情谊永不渝。7.some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. f. bacon书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。培根8.books are good enough in their own way, but they are a mighty bloodless substitute for life. r.l. stevens

36、on从它们自己所发生的效用上，书籍真是够好的东西，但它们是很强悍的、不见血的生命替代者。史蒂文森9.there is a great deal of difference between the eager man who wants to read a book, and the tired man who wants a book to read. g.k. chesterton一个热心求知者要去读一本书，一个疲倦的人需要一本书来读，这两种人之间有很大的区别。 吉士特顿10.life being very short, and the quiet hours of it few; we o

37、ught to waste none of them in reading valueless books.john ruskin生命是短暂的，而其中寂静的时光更少，我们不应花其中的宝贵时间去读无价值的书。 罗斯金11.that is a good book which is opened with expectation and closed with profit. l. m. alcott好书开卷引人入胜，终卷使人获益。 亚尔葛脱12.only two classes of books are of universal appeal. the very best and the very

38、 worst. f. m. ford只有两类书有广泛的吸引力：真正最好的和最坏的。福特calamity is mans true touchstone. 患难之中见人心。【写作范文】 some people like to buy books to read. others like to borrow books from libraries or from other people. compare the advantages of these two ways of reading. which do you prefer? why?write a composition of abo

39、ut 150 words on the following topic:borrowing books or buying bookssome people like to borrow books to read, while others prefer to buy books. both ways have their advantages. borrowing books to read has two major advantages. first, you just urge yourself to finish as soon as possible the books you

40、borrowed from a library or from other people. you will be fined if you fail to return them to the library in due time, or you will lose trust if you keep books of others too long, and they will probably refuse to lend you any more books. so you have to read it desirously, fall roads lead to rome. 条条

41、大路通罗马。orgetting your meals and sleep. on the other hand, if you buy a book, you may put it away, thinking it is yours and you dont have to finish it quickly. another advantage of borrowing books enables you to read books without spending any money. in recent years, more and more books come out each

42、year, and the prices of books keep on rising. ordinary people cannot afford to buy so many books they want to read either for information or entertainment. in addition, often i need to read only a part of some books. it is unnecessary for me to buy them. however, there are some kinds of books that i

43、 have to buy. the first kind is reference books such as dictionaries and encyclopedias i need to use frequently. the second kind is textbooks i need to read more carefully in order to understand well. and it is also necessary for me to buy some famous literature books like the complete short stories

44、 of mark twain, the old man and the sea, romance of the three kingdoms.so i think books are of two kinds: books for borrowing and books for buying. i like to borrow books that i read mainly for entertainment or read a part of. and for those books like reference books, i prefer to buy. whether to bor

45、row or to buy books, i think, mostly depends on the kinds. 【学习要点】 you will be fined if you fail to return them to the library in due time. 你如果到期不还书就会被罚款。 reference books 参考书，工具书 encyclopedia百科全书call a spade a spade. 直言不讳。【要点提示】all that speak us fair are not friends. 说我们好话的人并非都是朋友。 本文为议论文。作者首先提出自己的观点

46、：both ways have their advantages. 在正文中作者对比买书，举出充分的论据来说明借书的好处，然后作者又说明有些书需要买。这样，避免了使观点绝对化，又很客观地说明了问题。最后作者得出结论：so i think books are of two kinds: books for borrowing and books for buying. 接着又用两句话解释了该结论。文章观点明确，论据充分，论证严密。本文关联词语使用恰当：表示对比：on the other hand 表示列举：first，another., in addition（此外，引出补充论据）表示对比或转折

47、：however 【模拟训练3】35 min. fiction (such as novels and short stories) can teach us more about life than textbooks can. do you agree or disagree with this statement? use specific reasons to support your answer.write a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:fiction can teach us moreyou are

48、 to write in three parts.in the first part, state your opinion.in the second part, give specific reasons for your opinion.in the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary.marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. failure to fol

49、low the instructions may result in a loss of marks. capital punishment死刑【写作佳句及惯用表达】cast pearls before swine. 明珠暗投。1.criminals must be made to see the consequences of their crimes. “an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth” is the very basis of justice. 必须使罪犯看到自己犯罪的结果。“以眼还眼，以牙还牙”是正义的基础。2.only the re

50、turn of the death penalty can ensure that people can sleep safely in their homes. capital punishment protects unarmed policemen and young children. 只有再实行死刑，才能确保人们在家中安全地睡觉。死刑保护不带武器的警察和儿童。3.capital punishment should be a major deterrent. other strict laws should also be put into practice. 死刑应该是一种主要的威慑

51、手段，其他的严格法律也应当实施。4.those who are lenient to criminals are unkind to innocent people. 对罪犯仁慈也就是对无辜者不仁。all things are difficult before they are easy. 万事开头难。webdingsebp5.capital punishment should not be a major deterrent. emphasis should be put on the reform of criminals. 死刑不应该是一种主要的威慑手段，应当强调对罪犯的改造。6.it

52、has been proved many times that the relaxation of harsh laws has never led to an increase in crime. therefore, the “deterrent” argument is absurd: capital punishment never protected anyone. 已多次证明，法律从宽从未导致犯罪率上升。所以，“威慑”说是荒谬的：死刑从未保护过任何人。7.those in favor of capital punishment are motivated only by a des

53、ire for revenge and retaliation. 赞成死刑者的动机源于复仇心。8.crimes can be drastically reduced by the elimination of social injustices not by creating socalled “deterrent” when the real problems remain unsolved.彻底降低犯罪率要通过消除社会不公平现象，而不是在真正的问题尚未解决时，靠创造出“威慑手段”来降低犯罪率。9.it is illegal to murder, but are we justified i

54、n taking away the life of the murderer? no. capital punishment helps create a bloody world. 杀人是犯法的，可我们夺去杀人犯的性命就合法吗？不合法。死刑有助于创造出一个血淋淋的世界。chance generally favors the prudent. 机运常属于（偏爱）深谋远虑者（或审慎者）。 10. he who never errs does not exist. the death penalty leaves no chance for first offenders to reform. some criminals can be reformed if handled properly. the death sentence leaves criminals no hope at all. 不犯错误者是不存在的。死刑不给初次犯罪者悔改的机会。有些罪犯如果处理得当，是可以改造的。死刑不给罪犯留下任何希望。【写作范文】 some people believe that capital punishment is necessary because it serves to deter criminals. others argue that death p