八年级下册1-5语法

1、新目标英语八年级下册Review of Units 15单元复习归纳总结一. 语法 1. 动名词的用法： （1）动名词兼有动词和名词的特征，由动词加 ing 构成。 （2）用法A. 作主语She said that memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a lot.B. 作宾语Now, I am enjoying learning English. Thanks for sending me the E-mail.C. 作定语I think that doing a lot of listening practice is one of t

2、he secrets 2. used to 的用法 “主语used to动词原形其它”这个句型结构表示过去的习惯，暗示现在已无此习惯。 其否定形式是主语didnt use to 动原 问句形式为：Did主语use to? 反意疑问句：主语used to，did主语？ 和used to 相关的其它句型：get / be used to doing 习惯于做 be used for doing被用来 3. 简单的被动语态 当主语是动作的承受者时，应用被动语态。 一般现在时被动语态：主语is/am/are过去分词 一般过去时被动语态：主语was/were过去分词 一般将来时被动语态：主语will b

3、e过去分词 含有情态动词的被动语态：主语情态动词be过去分词 4. allow句型 （1）allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事We do not allow people to smoke in the hall. （2）allow doing允许做某事 （3）be allowed to do 被允许做某事 （4）should be allowed to do 应该被允许做某事 5. 虚拟语气 构成：主句：主语would动原 从句：if主语过去式（be用were）其它 用法：A. 表示与事实相反的假设 B. 表示不可能实现的事情 C. 用于提建议 6. 提建议句型总结 （1）I

4、 think you should / could do. （2）You had better do. （3）If I were you, I would do. （4）What about / How about doing? （5）Why not do ? / Why dont you do ?二. 话题：（1）学会怎样学习 （2）谈论过去的习惯及描述人物特征 （3）谈论规章、制度及同意或不同意 （4）谈论虚拟的情景（5）对可能的情况进行推断三. 主要词组Unit 1 （1）make flashcards做闪视卡片 （2）study for a test为考试用功 （3）make voca

5、bulary lists做单词表 （4）askfor help求助于 （5）practice conversations with friends和朋友一起练习对话 （6）read aloud to practice pronunciation 大声朗读来练习发音 （7）improve the speaking skills提高口语能力 （8）too to 太而以致于不能做 （9）memorize the words of pop songs记忆流行歌曲的歌词（10）feel differently感觉不同 （11）join the English club加入英语俱乐部 （12）end up

6、 （with） 以结束 （13）do a survey做调查 （14）watch English-language TV 看英语电视 in the future 在将来 （15）make mistakes in grammar 出语法错误 （16）get the pronunciation right把读音弄准 （17）first of all首先，第一 （18）to begin with 首先 （19）later on 过后（20）be afraid to do 害怕做 （21）make complete sentences做完整的句子 （22）take a lot of grammar n

7、otes记大量的语法笔记（23）enjoy learning English喜欢学英语 （24）have trouble doing sth. 做某事有麻烦 （25）look up the words in a dictionary 查字（词）典 （26）this kind of paper这种纸 （27）speak English as a second language 把英语当做第二语言来说 （28）be ashamed of 对感到羞愧 （29）behind the times过时 （30）become an expert at 成为的专家 （31）spend on 在上花费（时间、金

8、钱） （32）give up 放弃【模拟试题】I. 单项填空（15） 1. The most important thing I can _ you is using English often. A. speak B. tell C. talk D. say 2. Do you know if he _ back in two hours? A. will be comeB. comes C. has beenD. will be 3. What are you like? _. A. I like funny and energetic things B. Im funny and ene

9、rgetic C. I look like my funny and energetic father D. I feel energetic 4. Another thing that he _ very difficult was English grammar. A. finds B. knows C. found D. learned 5. It _ me a lot of time _ an English composition last time. A. takes, to write B. spends, to write C. spent, writing D. took,

10、to write 6. He _ in the library for he called me from there a few minutes ago. A. should be B. must be C. would be D. might be 7. I can hardly hear the radio. Would you please _? A. turn it on B. turn it down C. turn it up D. turn it off 8. They dont think it is good to have conversations with frien

11、ds, because they always endup the speaking in Chinese when they get something _. A. is exciting B. with exciting C. excited D. exciting 9. You should keep the window _ because the room is so hot and damp. A. open B. closed C. opened D. close 10. The old woman has two sons, but _ of them lives with h

12、er. A. both B. either C. neither D. none 11. She often goes to bed with her bedroom _. A. light on B. on light C. on lighting D. lighted on12. It is not a good habit _ in public places. A. chewing gum B. to chew gum C. to chew gums D. chew gums 13. Lily, Dont forget _ your sister at the airport. The

13、 plane will _ in anhour. A. meet, arriveB. to meet, arrive C. meeting, get D. meeting, reach 14. Would you mind _ smoking? _, Ill do it in a few days. A. to give up, Not at all B. giving up, Of course C. giving up, Its pleasureD. giving up, Not at all 15. Peter is never late for school, _ he? _. He

14、always comes on time. A. is, Yes B. isnt, No C. is, No D. isnt, YesII. 用下列方框中的单词和短语的适当形式填空（10） 1. We should learn how to _ the English words correctly from our teachers. 2. He know a little English, but few people can understand him if he uses _ English. 3. She finds _ English language movies frustr

15、ating because the people speak toofast. 4. There _ a bus-stop at the corner of the street five years ago. 5. Most of the boys in our class _ playing soccer, arent they? 6. There are lots of skirts on the chair. They cant _ the boy students. 7. Dont worry. Im _ well with my new classmates here. 8. Mo

16、m often wakes Kate who _ to be asleep. 9. He who is running down the street could be running for _. 10. Li Hong is a confident boy. He always _ good solutions to his friends problem.III. 完形填空（15）A.Greenland is the largest island in the world. It is in the 1 of Europe. NearGreenland is another island

17、. It is small. Its name is Iceland. Do you think that Greenland isgreen and warm? Do you think that Iceland is white with ice? If you do, you are 2 . Notmany people live on the big island of Greenland. There are more people in your hometown thanin all of Greenland. That is because Greenland is not g

18、reen. Greenland is 3 . Most of theisland is covered with lots of ice. The ice covering Greenland is 4 than the worldstallest building.What 5 Iceland? Is it colder than Greenland? No, it is not. Iceland hasice, but not so much ice 6 Greenland. Iceland has a lot of hot springs. They give out hotwater

19、and steam. The climate is not 7 cold as Greenland. And there are a lot 8 peoplewho live in Iceland. 1. A. eastB. west C. south D. north 2. A. rightB. wrong C. clever D. bright 3. A. green B. blue C. whiteD. yellow 4. A. higherB. highestC. more high D. much high 5. A. areB. about C. of D. on 6. A. li

20、keB. thanC. asD. that 7. A. such B. soC. tooD. much 8. A. many B. muchC. more D. mostB. There are many kinds of sports. They are team sports and individual sports. Team sportsare such sports 1 baseball, basketball, and volleyball. Team sports need two separateteams. The teams play 2 each other. They

21、 compete to get best score. For example, in afootball game, if team A gets 7 points and team B gets 3 points, team A 3 the game. Teamsports are sometimes called competitive sports. Besides team sports, there is 4 main type, or kind, of sporting activity. The secondtype is individual sports. In indiv

22、idual sports there are 5 teams. There isnt anycompetition. People play individual sports in order to get exercise. They 6 playindividual sports for the competition. Generally speaking, they want to get some exercise,not to 7 others. Individual sports include swimming, skiing and running. 1. A. likeB

23、. asC. forD. with 2. A. withB. toC. againstD. between 3. A. wins B. beatsC. gets D. loses 4. A. otherB. another C. one D. the other 5. A. few B. notC. no D. none 6. A. cantB. notC. arentD. dont 7. A. against B. beatC. win D. strike.阅读理解Reading ComprehensionA Mothers Day is a holiday for mothers. It

24、is celebrated in the United States,England, Sweden, India, Mexico and some other countries. Little by little, it becomeswidely celebrated. Mothers Day falls on the second Sunday in May. On that day, many peoplesend gifts of love to their mothers. Those whose mothers are still living often wear a pin

25、kor red rose or carnation （康乃馨）, while those whose mothers are dead wear a white one. The idea of a day for mothers was first given by Miss Anna Jarvis of Philadelphia （费城）. As a result of her hard work, the celebration of the first American Mothers Day washeld in Philadelphia on May 10, 1908. Soon

26、the holiday became popular throughout the countryand around the world. In China, people do the same on this special day for mothers. And, in some cities, peoplesometimes ask a song to be broadcast for his or her mother only. This might cost a small sumof money for some of them, but, as it is said, “

27、Love is invaluable. ”Choose the right answers according to the passage. （根据短文内容选择正确答案。）（5 ） 1. How many countries are mentioned to celebrate Mothers Day? A. many B. five C. seven D. all over the world 2. When is Mothers Day? A. On Sunday B. On the second in May C. On May 10 D. On the second Sunday i

28、n May. 3. A red rose is worn by _. A. persons who have healthy mothers B. healthy mothers C. persons whose mothers are dead D. all the mothersB Do you like to eat out? Do you like to eat quickly? Do you like inexpensive food? Somepeople go to fast-food restaurants for these reasons. In fact, many pe

29、ople in the statesstill go to diners today for the same reasons. A man named Walter Scott had the first “diner”in 1872. It wasnt a real diner. It wasonly a food cart. People on the street walked up to the cart to buy food. These cart servedlatenight workers who wanted a cup of coffee and a latenight

30、 meal. The meal was a sandwich orboiled eggs. In 1887, Samuel Jones built the first diner big enough to allow the customers tocome inside. However, they did not sit down. Later, people built diners with counters andstools, and people sat down while they ate. Before long, many diners stayed open arou

31、nd the clock. In other words, people were ableto eat in a diner at any time. Diners changed in other ways, too. The original menu ofsandwiches and coffee became bigger. It included soup, favorite dishes, and a breakfast menu. In addition, diners soon became permanent buildings. They were no longer c

32、arts onwheels. Diners today look similar to the diners of the early 1900s. They are usually buildingswith large windows. Inside, the diners have shining counters with stools, booths, and tablesand chairs. People can eat all three meals in a modern diner. Today, many people eat in fast-food restauran

33、ts such as McDonalds and Burger King. However, the diner remains an America tradition, and thousands of people still enjoy eatingthere. It was popular a century ago, and it is still popular today.Choose the right answers according to the passage. （根据短文内容选择正确答案。）（5 ） 1. A man named Walter Scott had t

34、he first “diner”in 1872. Why is diner in quotation marks（引号）？ A. Because it is spelled differently from “diner” B. Because the first diner was not a real diner. C. Because diner was a new word. D. Because it is a special kind of restaurant. 2. What meals did the first diners serve? A. Only breakfast

35、. B. Only lunch C. Only night-meals. D. All of the above. 3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Diners existed before fast-food restaurants. B. The menu included more food than sandwich and coffee. C. Burger King is a fast-food restaurant. D. Sandwiches became bigger. 4.

36、 The main idea of the passage is _. A. the diner is a traditional, popular place to eat in the United States B. Samuel Jones built the first diner big enough to allow the customers to come inside C. American diners serve many types of food 24 hours a day to their customers D. diners are different fr

37、om fast-food restaurants in many waysC Laptop （便携式）computers are popular all over the world. People use them on trains andairplanes, in airports and hotels. These laptops connect people to their workplace. In theUnited States today, laptops also connect students to their classrooms. Westlake College

38、 in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students todo schoolwork anywhere they want. Within five years, each of the 1500 students at the collegewill receive a laptop. The laptops are parts of a 10 million computer program at Westlake, a110-year-old college. The students with la

39、ptops will also have ways to the Internet. Inaddition, they will be able to use e-mail to “speak”with their teachers, their classmates,and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program is that studentswill be able to use computers without going to computer labs. They can wor

40、k with it at home,in a fast-food restaurant or under the trees-anywhere at all! Because of many changes in computer technology, laptop use in higher education, such ascolleges and universities are workable. In addition, the portable computers can connectstudents to not only the Internet, but also li

41、braries and other resources. State officials are testing laptop programs at other universities, too. At Westlake College, more than 60 percent of the staff use computers. The laptops willallow all teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teacher said, “Here weare in the middle of

42、Virginia and were giving students a window on the world. They can seeeverything and do everything. ”Choose the right answers according to the passage.（根据短文内容选择正确答案。）（10 ） 1. The main purpose of the laptop program is to give each student a laptop to _. A. use for their schoolwork B. have ways to the

43、Internet C. work at home D. connect then to libraries 2. Why is the word “speak”in the second paragraph in quotation marks （引号）？ A. They dont really talk. B. They use the computer language. C. Laptops have speakers. D. None of the above reasons is correct. 3. “A window on the world”in the last parag

44、raph means that students can _. A. attend lectures on information technology B. travel around the world C. get information from around the world D. have free laptops 4. Which of the following is true about Westlake College? A. All teachers use computers. B. 1500 students have laptops. C. It is an ol

45、d college in America. D. Students there can do everything.D Students can benefit from homework in many ways. To begin with, students have to revisewhat they have learned in class in order to do their homework. This gives them the chance tosee if they have understand everything the teacher has said a

46、nd practice what they have learned. Another advantage is that students have to work on their own when they do theirhomework and do not depend on teachers and classmates for help. However, there are also disadvantages to homework. Firstly, homework needs a lot of timeand effort, so students have no t

47、ime for their favorite hobbies and activities. What is more,many students complain that homework is boring because they have to do the same things againand again.Fill in the table below according to the passage. （根据短文内容填写下表。）（10 ）AdvantagesDisadvantages1. revise _5. need _2. _ everything that the te

48、achers said 6. _ for hobbies and activities 3. _ what they have been taught 7. complain that they _4. have to work _8. repeat _.综合语言运用Comprehensive Language PracticeI. 刘东和赵芳来看你，正好你爸爸在家。请向你爸爸介绍你的两位同学的性格和爱好，包括以前和现在的变化。（可参考下列表格，*表示喜欢的项目。）（10 ）Liu DongLiu DongZhao FangZhao Fangthennowthennow Ball games*

49、 Listen to music * Watch English movies* Read novels*II. 罗伯特随父母在澳大利亚住了两年，现在他的听说能力是全班最好的。假如你有出国的机会，你会怎样提高自己的听说能力呢？（10 ）III. 根据实际情况，使用下列表格中的短语写出至少五条你们家的家规。（最好用不同句型。）（10 ）get upbe late for schoolclean ones roomwear our own clotheshave ones hair cutget ones ears piercedhave breakfast at homecome back ho

50、me in time after schoolnot to watch TV too longstudy with friendsfinish homeworktake shower before going to bedborrow money from othersnot to try to drive a car【试题答案】基础知识运用I. 1. B2. D 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. B7. C 8. D 9. A 10. C 11. A12. A 13. B 14. D 15. AII. 1. pronounce 2. spoken3. watching 4. used to

51、 be 5. are fond of 6. belong to 7. getting along 8. is pretending 9. exercise10. comes up withIII.A.1. D2. B3. C4. A 5. B6. C7. B8. CB.1. B2. C3. A4. B5. C 6. D 7. B.阅读理解：A. 1. B 2. D 3. AB. 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. AC. 1. A 2. A 3. C 4. CD. 1. what they have learned 2. understand 3. practice 4. on their own 5. a lot of time a