中考英语专题复习25 阅读理解（一）学案 人教新目标版

1、25阅读理解（一）【学习目标】熟知阅读理解判断正误题型，了解判断正误命题目的，掌握判断正误答题技巧【试题概括】根据文章内容对所给句子判断正误（T/F或A/B）。正误判断题通常放在所有阅读理解试题的第一篇，一般难度较小。所设题目都是陈述事实，可以从原文中直接找到判断依据，不出现疑问句形式。【命题目的】判断正误主要考查同学们的语篇阅读能力、分析和判断能力。要求同学们能较快地通过阅读理解短文大意,获取其中的主要信息,能做出正确判断,其命题思路是：(1) 直观性问题。直接引用原文中的语句或根据短文中原语句稍加改动而编成。(2) 常识性问题。考查学生依据短文信息，并根据自己所具备的一般常识作出判断的题型

2、(3) 理解性问题。考查学生对文章的中心思想，某段的段落大意，某一事实的细节及意图等的理解程度。(4) 推理性问题。这类题需在深刻理解短文后，再经过推理判断才能选出正确答案。(5) 概括性问题。要求考生在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章做出归纳、概括或评价。此类考查主旨和大意的题大多数针对段落(或短文)的主题思想，标题或目的。【尝试练习】根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正（T）、误（F）Miss Kate taught physics in a New York school. Last month she was explaining to one of her classes about soun

3、d, and she decided to test them to see how well they had understood her explanation. She said to them, “Now, I have a brother in Los Angeles. If I was calling him on the phone, and at the same time you were 80 meters away, and were listening to me from across the street, which of you would hear what

4、 I said earlier, my brother or you and for what reason?”A boy at once answered, “ Your brother, Miss Kate, because electricity travels faster than sound waves (声波).“Thats very good.” Miss Kate said, but then Jenny said, “I dont agree. Your brother would hear you earlier because it is 11 oclock here,

5、 its only eight oclock in Los Angeles.”( )1. Miss Kate was a physics teacher.( )2. All her students understood her lesson.( )3. The boys answer was not correct.( )4. The boys answer was just what Kate wanted her students to know.( )5. Jenny thought the boys reason was wrong because she found Los Ang

6、eles Time was three hours earlier than New York Time.【答题技巧】1. 阅读原文、捕捉信息、理解大意。先通过读原文，捕捉文中所提供的信息，捉住文章内容梗概，理解短文的大意和清理全文脉络。2. 审读题目、找出相关依据、进行判断，读懂短文内容后再审题目，把握每个待判定句子的含义，通过寻读法在原文中找出每个与问题相关的段落与词句，然后根据短文内容对试题所给出的句子进行是非判断。3. 重读短文、逐题复检、核查无误。完成正误判断后将短文重读一遍，加深对短文的理解，在此基础上再对每道题进行复查，对有些似是而非的句子，一定要重新认真判断。注意：1.在对每一道题进行判断时，一定要从文章的具体段落和句子中找到依据，并进行认真比较、分析，不能凭印象想当然，胡乱猜测。2.只有符合文章意思的句子，方可判定为正确。那些意思基本相符，却仍有某一点不符的应判定为错误。3.有些正误判断题要从西方语言文化及历史背景入手，因此了解英美文化背景和习俗可以提高答题的正确率。4.判断句子正误时绝不可以先看一遍题目，就将短文搜索一遍寻