高中语法第二十四章

1、高中语法第二十四章：省略省略概说人们在交流时，尤其在口语中，常把一个或几个句子成分省略掉，这种现象称为省略（Ellipsis），这种句子叫做省略句（Elliptical Sentences）。在特定情况下，几乎可以省略各种句子成分。1、 省略主语2、 省略表语3、 省略谓语（或谓语的一部分）4、 省略宾语5、 省略宾语补足语6、 省略定语简单句中的省略1、 陈述句中的省略（1）、情景省略根据说话的情景省略某些词语，这些情况在日常交际用语中大量存在。例如：(There is) No problem.(Do you) Mind if I sit down? （2）、应答语省略 在应答语中，常可根据

2、问句内容省略某些词语。 Diane: oh really? So have I. which language are you studying? Rob: Im studying Chinese. （3）、结构省略 根据惯常语法结构省略某些词语。例如： Ive lived here for ten year. Two weeks from now is New Years Day. Today I met her at the tailors shop.2、 疑问句中的省略在疑问句中有时根据语境可以省略主语、谓语、主语+助动词/系动词 be、主语+谓语等。例如：Have you been h

3、ere before?I beg your pardon?Who comes next?3、 祈使句中的省略祈使句中也可以和省略某些词语的现象。例如：Be quick!Wait just a moment!Pay attention, please!4、 感叹句中的省略感叹句中也会出现省略某些词语的现象。例如：Thats excellent!What a lovely autumn day it is!How amazing it is!并列句中的省略在并列句中，后面分句中与前面分局相同的部分，常可以省略，以避免重复。1、 省略谓语动词They learn French and we lear

4、n English.John won the first race and jimmy won the second.2、 省略宾语My father planned all these houses and they built all these houses.3、 省略主语+系动词Coral is not a plant but coral is a variety of animal life.Many player believe table tennis is not only a physical game but table tennis is a psychological

5、game as well.4、 省略主语+谓语动词She tried to persuade her husband to give up smoking, but she tried in vain.5、 省略系动词+表语John was the winner in 2005, and Bob was the winner in 2006.6、 省略谓语动词+宾语I will buy a new car, and he will buy a new car too.7、 省略主语+谓语+宾语South Korea has increased trade with China and it h

6、as increased with other East-Asian countries, too.复合句中的省略1、 宾语从句中的省略（1）、在which，when，where，how和why引导的宾语从句中，常可省略与主句相同部分，仅保留一个连词。例如：She cant come, but I dont know why she cant come.She will go to Paris, but I dont know when she will go to Paris.（2）、在对话中，答语有时也一个包含宾语从句的句子，但从句常常省略。例如：-will it rain tonight

7、?-I hope it will not rain tonight.-Is Mr. King in his office?-Sorry, I dont know whether he is in his office or not.（3）、在两个或连个以上并列的宾语从句中，引导第一个宾语从句的连词that可以省略，其余的可删不省。例如：The girls told him that they were on a train trip across Canada and that they had only one day in Montreal.（4）、在某些形容词或过去分词（如sure，gl

8、ad，certain，please，happy，afraid，surprised，satisfied后所接的宾语从句中，连词that可以省略）。例如：My parents were very pleased that I had passed the exam.2、 定语从句中的省略定语从句中可以省略作宾语的关系代词；在非正式文体中，也可省略关系副词when和why；关系代词as后面的主谓成分或助动词be也可省略。例如：She is the one whom we saw the other day.Her work changed the way that people think abou

9、t chimps.She gave the same answer as she had given before.3、 状语从句中的省略（1）、在时间、地点、让步、方式、条件等状语从句中，如果谓语部分由动词be，主语又和主句的主语保持一致，常把从句中的主语和动词be省略。例如：While you are cycling, dont forget the traffic lights.（2）、在以than或as引导的状语从句中，一些成分常可以省略。例如：There is more salt in it than there is sugar in it.Youd like it as soon as it is possible.（3）、在时间、地点、条件状语从句中常常省略 it is。常见的有wherever possible，where necessary，where possible，if nec