2006历年MBA翻译模拟题荟萃

1、2006历年MBA翻译模拟题荟萃每日翻译自测(2)In the last half of the nineteenth century capital and labour were enlarging and perfecting their rival organisations on modern lines. Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requireme

2、nts of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and

3、municipal and state-owned business. The railway companies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family business. At the same time the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers. The grow

4、th of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the

5、land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. All through the nineteenth century, America, Africa, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareholders were thus enriched by the worlds

6、 movement towards industrialisation. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large comfortable classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders meeting to dictate

7、 their orders to the management. On the other hand Shareholding meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilization. The shareholders as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company i

8、n which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had u

9、nder the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away. Indeed the mere size of operations and the numbers of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible. Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organisation of the trade unions, at least in all skilled t

10、rades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them. The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each others strength and understand the value of fair negotiation. 3Rumor has it that more than 20 books on creationism/

11、evolution are in the publishers pipelines. A few have already appeared. The goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and often unenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid cientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life. Cosmology, geology, and iology

12、have provided a consistent, unified, and constantly improving account of what happened. Scientific creationism, which is being pushed by some for equal time in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given, is based on religion, not science. Virtually all scientists and the

13、majority of non-fundamentalist religious leaders have come to regard scientific creationism as bad science and bad religion. The first four chapters of Kitchers book give a very brief introduction to evolution. At appropriate places, he introduces the criticisms of the creationists and provides answ

14、ers. In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating. He describes their programmes and tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise. When their basic mo

15、tivation is religious, one might have expected more Christian behavior. Kitcher is philosopher, and this may account, in part, for the clarity And fectiveness of his arguments. The non-specialist will be able to obtain at least a notion of the sorts of data and argument that support evolutionary the

16、ory. The final chapter on the creationists will be extremely clear to all. On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: This book stands for reason itself. And so it does and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate. 4A report consistently bro

17、ught back by visitors to the US is how friendly, courteous, and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters, and

18、 ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment. For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence. Dullness and loneliness were common problems of th

19、e families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world. The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality. Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had now

20、here to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: if you didnt take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And so

21、meday, remember, you might be in the same situation. Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist

22、trails. I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon heinvited me home for dinner amazing. Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neith

23、er as superficialnor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition. As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not

24、necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to translate cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the word friend, the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the vi

25、sitors language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers. 5No company likes to be told it is contributi

26、ng to the moral decline of a nation. Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers? Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well? At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply

27、the latest manifestation of the soul-searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. Its a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line. At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Le

28、vin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the financial front, Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the companys mountainous debt, which will increase to $ 17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restr

29、ucture the company, but investors are waiting impatiently. The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the companys rap music on the grounds of expression. In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-Ts violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin de

30、scribed rap as lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet. The test of any democratic society, he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however d

31、isputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We wont retreat in the face of any threats. Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand, at least to some extent. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last

32、 months stockholders meeting. Levin asserted that music is not the cause of societys ills and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. But he talked as well about the balanced struggle between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he

33、announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music. The 15-member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy. But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matte

34、r. Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited, says Luce. I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this. 6Few creations of big technology capture the imaginatio

35、n like giant dams. Perhaps it is humankinds long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating. But to be fascinated is also, sometimes, to be blind. Several giant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good. The lesson fr

36、om dams is that big is not always beautiful. It doesnt help that building a big, powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves. Egypts leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. Turkeys bid for First World status includes t

37、he giant Ataturk Dam. But big dams tend not to work as intended. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity. And yet, th

38、e myth of controlling the waters persists. This week, in the heart of civilized Europe, Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube. The huge complex will probably have all the usual problems of big dams. But Slovakia is bidding for

39、 independence from the Czechs, and now needs a dam to prove itself. Meanwhile, in India, the World Bank has given the go ahead to the even more wrong-headed Narmada Dam. And the bank has done this even though its advisors say the dam will cause hardship for the powerless and environmental destructio

40、n. The benefits are for the powerful, but they are far from guaranteed. Proper, scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the cost and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts. Hydroelectric power and flood control and irrigation are possible without building monster da

41、ms. But when you are dealing with myths, it is hard to be either proper, or scientific. It is time that the world learned the lessons of Aswan. You dont need a dam to be saved.考试中心2006年-MBA联考英语模拟试题(1)PART I Structure and Vocabulary (10% ) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part.Fo

42、r eachsentence there are four choices marked A,B, C and D. Choose the ONEanswer that best Completes the sentence. Then blacken the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil. 1 . He didnt seem to mind _ TV while he was trying to study. A. their watching B. them watch C. they watching D. t

43、hem to watch 2. It is said that more than one person in this department _ going to lose his job. A. are B. were C. will D. is 3. When she _ all the magazines, shell come back home . A. has sold B. will sell C. sell D. would sell 4.Themanufacturer claimed that this engine is _ the Previous one. A. as

44、 twice pOwerfd8S B. powerful as twice as C. twice powerful as D.twice as powerfu1 as 5. Nowhere else in the world_ more attractive scenery thanin Switzerland. A. are found B. have been found C. you can find D. can you find 6. 1f he had not been ill yesterday， he _to class. A. go B. would go C. would

45、 have gone D. went 7. _ science and technology he1p the society to progress is a fact accepted by most people. A. Modern B. That modern C. There modern D. It is modern 8. _ one of the leading novelists in America，Amy Taylor has also written a number of poems and plays. A. Considered B. Considering C

46、. Having considered D. Been considered 9. The streets are all wet 1t_during the night。 A. must be raining B. had to rain C. must have rained D. had rained 10. Englands chief exports are coa1， cars and cotton goods，cars _the most important of these. A. have been B. are C. be D. being 11. Everything w

47、as so expensive during the war that it was Hardly _to save a penny ALikely B feasible Cprobable D possible 12The automation has made it possible to_ great changes in dustry。 A bring about B bring down C bring out Dbring up 13The police stopped him because he_ the traffic regulation A damaged B destr

48、oyed C broke D corrupted 14All too_ it was time to go back to school after the glorioussummer holidays A fast B soon C quick D often 15The chief manager refused to_ on the rumor that he was going to retire A explain B comment C speak D talk 来源:考试大-MBA考试 16MrBrown gradual1y_aknowledge of the subject

49、A required B inquired C achieved D acquired 17If I am not _ when you come to my office，ask for my secretary A suitab1e B available C comfortable D proper 18peasants supp1y workers with food， and workers_ supply peasants with manufactured goods A in turn B by turn Cfor return Dby return 19Lets go out

50、 during the break to_ our legs。 A stretch B expand C move D extend 20I have just_abeautiful poem in that little book. A come to B come through C come across D come upPART Reading Comprehension （50%） Section A Directions ：There are 4 passages in this partEach passage is followed by some questions or

51、unfinished statements For each them of them are for choices marked A , B, c and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil. Questions 21 to 24 are based on the following passage ： Americans like to do business without leaving their

52、cars. Youll see drive-in banks，drive-in restaurants， drive-in churches and drive-in movies. When driving in the U.S., its a good idea to have an international rivers license if you dont have a state license. Each of the fifty states has its own traffic laws。 Get information when you cross the border

53、 into a state at a tourist information center There is a national speed limit of 55 miles per hour. Americans are generally polite about letting cars enter busy streets. They usually stopfor people who are walking to let them cross the street. In many states you may turn right after stopping at a co

54、rner, even if there is a red light. On some roads there may be a minimum speed. If you rent a car, ask the company what to do in case your car breaksdown. Some companies will ask you to call a special number. Others will want you to have the car repaired. They will partly deduct the cost of the repa

55、ir from your bill. Mileage can mean two things. It may mean the total number of miles a car has been driven. We say “This car only has 10, 000 miles on it; ithas low mileage.” On the other hand, “gas mileage” is the number of miles a car can travel on one U. S. gallon of gas. For example, a big carh

56、at gets 25 miles to the gallon gets very good mileage. A small economy car should get at least 35 miles to the gallon when its new. 21. If you have a state drivers license,_ . A. you can drive anywhere in the U. S. B. you dont have to apply for an international drivers license C. You cannot across t

57、he border in a car D. you must know the traffic laws of another state before you enter it . 22. If your rented car breaks down, some companies will _. A for you with free telephone service B pay you a certain amount of your total cost of the repair C. pay you the total cost of the repair D send workers to repair the car 23“An economy car”here may refer to a car that _. A. can be bought at a rather low price B. is easy to operate C. uses only a small amount of gas per mile D. is special1y designed for a small fami1y 24Which of the following statements is true？ A. Ame