英语四级考试预测试卷及答案一

1、英语四级在线学习网站：/kcnet1820/ 写作预测： Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic Advertisement. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 广告的作用 2. 广告的形式多样 3. 广告的夸张性 Advertisement Advertisements are for

2、cing their way into peoples lives. People refer to advertisements in their daily lives because they are consumers. The advertisers are usually manufacturers, retailers and salesmen. Their merchandise needs to be advertised to bring it to the attention to the customers. Thus nearly every product is a

3、dvertised in some way. To a large extent, good advertising leads to success while bad advertising can mean failure. There are many ways to advertise and ads come in different forms. Newspapers carry advertisements. Some products are publicized on TV and radio which bring them into notice of a wide a

4、udience. Billboards also carry advertising. Advertising is a big industry now and many agencies have been set up to furnish a variety of forms. However, advertising is not always truthful. A product is often misrepresented. The advertiser exaggerates the benefits of the merchandise he wants to sell.

5、 Thus, he misrepresents the truth. The consumer falls victim to such advertising. Millions of people have bought advertised products and have been dissatisfied with them。 点评：这是一篇说明文，用说明的表达方式来解说事物，阐明事理。写好说明文，不仅要抓住特征，注意条理，而且要巧妙运用说明方法，像下定义、举例子、作比较、分类别、列数字、打比方等四级阅读： Baekeland and Hartmann report that th

6、e “short sleepers” had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly per

7、iods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines. In general, these “short sleeps” appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist(不动摇) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or workers full-or part-ti

8、me while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear “normal” or “acceptable” to their friends and associates. When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers” did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing w

9、ith psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away. The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers” were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic(疯人). The “long sleep

10、ers” were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to rec

11、all their dreams much better than did the “short sleepers.” Many of the “long sleepers” were shy, anxious, introverted (内向), inhibited (压抑), passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily proble

12、ms. 1. According to the report,_. A) many short sleepers need less sleep by nature B) many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their work C) long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the day D) many long sleepers preserve their sleeping h

13、abit formed during their childhood 2. Many “short sleepers” are likely to hold the view that _. A) sleep is a withdrawal from the reality B) sleep interferes with their sound judgement C) sleep is the least expensive item on their routine program D) sleep is the best way to deal with psychological t

14、roubles 3. It is stated in the third paragraph that short sleepers _. A) are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of life B) often neglect the consequences of inadequate sleep C) do not know how to relax properly D) are more unlikely to run into mental problems 4. When sometimes they cannot enj

15、oy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might _. A) appear disturbed B) become energetic C) feel dissatisfied D) be extremely depressed 5. Which of the following is Not included in the passage? A) If one sleeps inadequately, his performance suffers and his memory is weakened B) The sleep patterns of sh

16、ort sleepers are exactly the sane as those shown by many mental patients C) Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleep D) Short sleepers would be better off with more rest 【答案及详解】 答案：DCBAB 贝克尔和哈特曼报道说，“睡眠少的人”在未进入少年期之前，其正常睡眠时间大致与所需要的时间差不多。但到了15岁左右，由于学校、工作或其它活动的地压力，他们就故意地减少了夜间睡眠的时间

17、。这些人持有这样的观点：夜间睡眠是一件令人讨厌的事情，打断了日常事务。 总的说来，这些“睡眠少的人”表现得雄心勃勃、积极活跃、精力充沛、无意识乐观豁达、立场坚定，对自己职业的选择胸有成竹。他们往往同时从事几项工作，或者一边上学读书，一边从事专职或兼职工作。其中许多人有强烈愿望，想在朋友和熟人面前表现得“正常”或“合群”。 当让他们回忆梦境时，“睡眠少的人”回忆不起什么来。更有甚者，他们似乎情愿什么都记不住。类似的情况是他们通常处理心理问题的方式：不承认问题的存在，希望只要忙忙碌碌，麻烦总会过去的。 “睡眠少的人”的睡眠模式与被划入疯子之类精神病患者的睡眠模式十分相似，只不过没有那么严重而已。

18、“睡眠多的人”情形则大不相同。贝克尔和哈特曼报道说，这些年轻人从小的，有抱负的睡眠就一直很长。他们好像注重睡眠，不让睡眠受打搅。偶尔没有所需的9个小时夜间卧床休息，他们便会十分不安。他们比“睡眠少的人”要更能回忆得起梦的内容。许多“睡眠多的人”腼腆、焦躁、内向、压抑、消极和稍微有点儿沮丧，尤其在社交场合缺乏自信。好几个人坦言，睡眠是摆脱每天烦恼的一种方式。Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We rec

19、ognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time ofr which the eyes stop -the duration of the fixation -varies considerably from person to person. It also vaies

20、within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness. Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page

21、. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exer

22、cises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but its

23、 one thing to improve a persons ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye tr

24、aining, especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text. Q: 1. The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts except _ . A. ones familiarity with the text B. ones purpose in r

25、eading C. the length of a group of words D. lighting and tiredness 2. The author may believe that reading _. A. requires a reader to take in more words at each fixation B. requires a reader to see words more quickly C. demands an deeply-participating mind D. demands more mind than eyes 3. What does

26、the author mean by saying “but its one thing to improve a persons ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.” in the second parapraph? A. The ability to see words is not needed when an efficient reading is conducted. B. The reading exercises menti

27、oned cant help to improve both the ability to see and to comprehend words. C. The reading exercises mentioned cant help to improve an efficient reading. D. The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve ones ability to see words. 4. Which of the following is NOT true? A. The visual

28、span is a word or a group of words we see each time. B. Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training. C. The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading. D.The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text. 5. The tune of the author in writing this article is _

29、 A critical B neutral C prssimistic D optimistic 【答案及详解】 答案：CCCDA 1 C。事实细节题。第一段提到了影响视幅的因素：不同的人，不同的阅读目的，对材料的熟悉程度，光线，疲劳。C“一组词的长度”不是能影响视幅的因素，是本题的答案。 2 C。观点态度题。作者在第二段第二句提到，眼睛训练课程只注重了阅读的视觉因素。倒数第二句书哦，阅读要求具备理解单词间关系的能力。因此选项C“阅读需要大脑的深度参与”正确。作者没有否定阅读的视觉因素的必要性，但是也没有说读者应该练习拓宽视幅，加快阅读速度。所以AB两项都不正确。作者没有对大脑和眼睛在阅读过程

30、中的重要性进行对比，所以不选D 3 C。 作者在这句话中先是肯定了那些阅读练习提高看单词的能力，然后提出了有效阅读概念。后面句中还指出，有效阅读需要的是理解单词间的联系的能力。所以作者的意思应该是那些(训练眼睛的)阅读练习对与有效的阅读无益。B与文章相反。D句是蕴涵其中一个意思，却不是作者想表达的方向。 4 D。 第二段最后一句说，眼睛训练对于帮助读者阅读连贯文章无益，所以D是错的，是本题答案。 5 A。 参考前面的结构剖析，作者写本文的主要目的是对那些只关注阅读的视觉因素的阅读能力课程进行批判，所以答案应该是A。 As is known to all, the organization an

31、d management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is _1_ for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay. If a firm wants to _2_ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the

32、firm should decide on a _3_ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be _4_, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. E

33、ach of thsoe requirements is given a value, usually in points, which are _5_ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their _6_ to solve problems. Because of th

34、e difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without _7_ to an evaluation system based on points. In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should _8_ the value of each job with these in the job market. _9_, payment for a job shou

35、ld vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the works done with hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for _10_ workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed. Acompare Br

36、esponsible Cuseful Dadded Efind Freference Gindirect Hmethod Isuccessful Jcombined KNecessarily Lcapacity Mability NBasically Oadopt 【答案及详解】 1.选B)。此处应填形容词。原文意思为“会计部门.计算报酬”，选项中的形容词responsible“负责任的”，useful“有用的”，indirect“间接的”，successful“成功的”，其中indirect不能与for连用，排除;剩余几项中只有B)responsible意义符合原句，其他均不符合，故排除。

37、2.选O)。此处应填动词原形。本文主题就是采用一种新的工资和薪水制度时需要注意的问题，选项中的动词原形有compare“比较”，find“找到”，adopt“采纳”，分别带入原文，只有adopt最符合原文意思，故选O). 3.选H)。此处应填名词。从原文看，and连接并列结构，所以要填的词应与and后面的ways意思一致，选项中的名词只有mathod = ways，故选H)method。 4.选I)。此处应填形容词。上文说新的工资制度需要一套决定工作评估和衡量雇员表现的方法，说的是制度“是否有用”的问题。这句说的时新的工资制度执行过程中的问题，劳资双方先期达成一致是薪酬制度成功的必要条件。形容

38、词useful和successful，I)seccessful更符合原文意思。 5.选D)。此处应填动词。这个动词的宾语是point“分值”，把分值.起来to give a total value 得出总分值，选项中有added和combined，前者指“把.相加”，后者意为“把.结合在一起”，原文指将分值相加得出总分，故D)added最符合文意。 6.选M)。此处应填名词。首先solve problem“解决问题”是经理们应具备的能力，选项中的capacity与ability都可以表示“能力”;前者强调的是理解的能力和接受事物的能力，而后者强调实际应用的能力，故不难判断解决问题的能力应该用M

39、)ability。 7.选F)。此处应填名词。前半句指出“因为管理工作很难评估，经理的工作得分不需要参照基于分值的评估系统决定。”without reference to为固定搭配，意思是“与.无关”。故选F)reference。8.选A)。此处应填动词原形。原句中出现了the value of each job“每种工作的价值”和these in the job market“工作市场上的(工作价值)”，说明人事部门通过比较两种价值来计算工资制度。选项中只有compare表示“比较”，所以A)正确。 9.选K)。此处应填副词，修饰整句话。“报酬要随工作表现各方面的不同而有所改变”，选项中Ne

40、cessarily“必须地”与Basically“基本地”为副词，分别带入原文，“报酬.的变化是必须的”更符合上下文意思，故排除N),选K)。 10.选G)。此处应填形容词。前文中提到一种情况即simple to measure the work done 易于评估的工作，通常用现金奖励办法;而.measurement is difficult“难于评估的”，说明这些工作人员的工作不像手工工作那么直接，因而是间接的，故选项中只有G)indirect符合原句的意思。Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our e

41、yes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time ofr which the eyes stop -the duration of the fixation -va

42、ries considerably from person to person. It also vaies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness. Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrate

43、d too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, s

44、ay, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive

45、 fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but its one thing to improve a persons ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many expe

46、rts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text. Q: 1. The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts except _ .

47、 A. ones familiarity with the text B. ones purpose in readingC. the length of a group of words D. lighting and tiredness 2. The author may believe that reading _. A. requires a reader to take in more words at each fixation B. requires a reader to see words more quickly C. demands an deeply-participa

48、ting mind D. demands more mind than eyes 3. What does the author mean by saying “but its one thing to improve a persons ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.” in the second parapraph? A. The ability to see words is not needed when an efficien

49、t reading is conducted. B. The reading exercises mentioned cant help to improve both the ability to see and to comprehend words. C. The reading exercises mentioned cant help to improve an efficient reading. D. The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve ones ability to see words.

50、 4. Which of the following is NOT true? A. The visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time. B. Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training. C. The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading. D.The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text.

51、5. The tune of the author in writing this article is _ A. critical B. neutral C. prssimistic D. optimistic 【答案及详解】 答案：CCCDA 解题思路 1 C。事实细节题。第一段提到了影响视幅的因素：不同的人，不同的阅读目的，对材料的熟悉程度，光线，疲劳。C“一组词的长度”不是能影响视幅的因素，是本题的答案。 2 C。观点态度题。作者在第二段第二句提到，眼睛训练课程只注重了阅读的视觉因素。倒数第二句书哦，阅读要求具备理解单词间关系的能力。因此选项C“阅读需要大脑的深度参与”正确。作者没有否

52、定阅读的视觉因素的必要性，但是也没有说读者应该练习拓宽视幅，加快阅读速度。所以AB两项都不正确。作者没有对大脑和眼睛在阅读过程中的重要性进行对比，所以不选D 3 C。 作者在这句话中先是肯定了那些阅读练习提高看单词的能力，然后提出了有效阅读概念。后面句中还指出，有效阅读需要的是理解单词间的联系的能力。所以作者的意思应该是那些(训练眼睛的)阅读练习对与有效的阅读无益。B与文章相反。D句是蕴涵其中一个意思，却不是作者想表达的方向。 4 D。 第二段最后一句说，眼睛训练对于帮助读者阅读连贯文章无益，所以D是错的，是本题答案。 5 A。 参考前面的结构剖析，作者写本文的主要目的是对那些只关注阅读的视觉

53、因素的阅读能力课程进行批判，所以答案应该是A。 Videoconferencing is nothing more than a television set or PC monitor with a camera Through the videocenferencing, not only your voice but also your face, the surroundings and any other graphic and phisical _1_ can be captured and transmitted through the communication system

54、with or without wires. Of course, when you go into the details, the technology involved is very _2_ and the subject matter littered with jargon. Such as ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) or the _3_ behind bandwidth, latency and isochrony which are used to

55、 explain how videoconferencing works.Good people communication is _4_ in any business, and the more interaction you can achieve, the more likely it is that your _5_ will be the right ones. Videoconferencing not only allows you to speak to people in different locations, but also note _6_ expressions

56、and gestures that let you know what the other person is really thinking. Meetings are made more _7_ by sharing documents and computer applications that a simple telephone cannot _8_._9_, organizations are discovering the competitive advantages and the power of videoconferencing. With advances in per

57、formance, economical pricing, the ability to _10_ essential meeting tools and connectivity to global telephone networks and standardized videoconferencing protocols, videoconferencing is now a practical reality for any organization. A) fortunately B) effective C) images D) articulate E) facial F) manage G) decisions H) connect I) advanced J) integrate K) progressive L)