《CET完型填空》PPT课件.ppt

1、完型填空,注意事项,a.跟着感觉走（语感）： 重视第一反应，不要轻易改答案 b .正确选项 ： 往往是相对简单的单词 C . 20个选项 ： 一般 n：3, v：5,adj：2其他词,做题步骤,1.浏览全文skimming（2-3分钟）： 抓住首句，理清文章结 构。把握感情色彩 2 . 初选答案（8-10分钟 ） a.首先从语法和词汇入手 * 词义与句型 * 固定搭配 * 逻辑关系(P53 .68.71) b . 从句意入手 先易后难，逐一排除 3.回头补缺，核实答案（10-15分钟） 主线 ：1 .主题句 . a文章主题 b段落主题 2 .一致关系 a词汇一致 b语法一致 C上下逻辑关系一致

2、,逻辑关系词语,表示并列关系的: and,and also, neither nor, either or, similary,likewise ,in the same way,on the one hand, on the other hand. etc 表示让步关系的:although, though, even though,no matter , even if, in spite of,nevertheless,逻辑关系词语,表示因果关系的:so, becauseas, therefore, thus,accordingly, consequently, as a result,

3、etc. 表示列举关系的:first, second, third,firstly, secondly, next, in the first place, for one thing, to begin with, to conclude, etc,1) Geographers compare and contrast _ places in the world. A. similar B. various C. distant D. famous 2) some parts of the water are very shallow ,but in some place it is ver

4、y _ A deep B high C cold D dangerous 3)When our friends happy and up ,that tends to influence us Positively _,when they down,that can have a _ impact on us A . for B . but C . in D . by A . relative B decisive C negative D sensitive,技巧(一) 第一个空的解题方法 固定搭配 感情色彩 例 1.we should expect see consumers in a p

5、ostive mood state evaluate products in more of -manners A casual B critical C serious D favorable 2 It is a endeavor project ,easily surlpassing the scale of such previous human _as the Pananma Canal A behaviors B endeavors C inventions D elements 以名词为发散中心,例 Within the next fifteen years man had gon

6、e to the moon, searching beneath its _ and dusty soil for signs of life. A. wet B. damp C. moist D. dry 技巧(二) 相似相反原则排除同性元素：排除选项中有2-3个表达同一个意思并词性完全一样的单词,例:My grandmother worked hard all day, making butter, washing clothes, cleaning the house, and even _ in the field when help was scarce. A. worked B.

7、working C. play D. playing 技巧(三)寻找同现 同现是指在文章中,一组具有共同倾向性词汇. 讲述一定的话题 例,例 Camps have begun to close as they-intended to be permanet A yet B once C never D ever 技巧(4)运用已知的社会常识或背景解题 这体现了做完型填空的主线：利用已知道信息推测未信息 Interstate higways makes econimic growth by making things less- A exclusive B comparative C compe

8、tive D expensive,例 1 ： India or West Africa, where there is a long 81 of speaking English for general communication purposes, you should On the other hand, if you live in a country where there is no traditional use of English， A) custom B) use C) tradition D) habit,例4：Our new house is very _ for me

9、as I can get to the office in five minutes. A adaptable B comfortable C convenient D available 技巧 寻找复现 复现 相同的单词在文章中不同地方出现,例. 1 Laguage permits communicates about anything -things like things that have never existed A only B almost C even D just 例. 2 The foreign research scholar usually isolates hims

10、elf in the laboratory as a means of protection; _ what he really needs is to be fitted into a highly organized university system.A. otherwise B. moreover C. however D. also,技巧 运用逻辑关系解题 表示转折关系的: but,however, yet, in spite of although, though ,on the contrary unfortunately 表示递进关系的: even,besides furthe

11、rmore, likewise moreover, in addition, whats more, . not only.but also,只能用That 不能用 which 的情况 1。先行词为序数词 数词 形容词的最高级时候 2。不定代词如anything nothing the one all 等做先行词时 3。在 there be 句型中 4 。先行词有the only the very 修饰时 5。先行词既有人又有物时,后面加动名词集锦 prevent practise stand forgive suggest Keep be used to devote oneself to

12、be busy look forward to it is worth Can not help,动词后面省略TO集锦 Had better (not )do Would rather do than do See watch hear smell make let have help Need want require deserve demand 后面可以接doing 也可以接to be done 表示相同的意思 The desk needs reparing The desk needs to be repaired,技巧(五)动词切入点 主语是人还是物 doubt接人 manifest

13、 接物 物理性与抽象性 enhance 提高 play 打球 tighten 褒贬一致 exposure scandal 及物与不及物 make let get help see,技巧(七) 名词切入点,A 名词做主语 主谓搭配是否一致 B 名词做宾语 动宾搭配是否一致 C名词处于先行词 whowhom 人 where 地点 why 原因When时间which人或物 不管以动词,名词或其它词性为切入点,当没有解题方法时候,均可以一核心名词为切入点,阅读理解与完型填空的关系 阅读理解解题的三条主线 A 传统(经典)解题 回文定位 1.显性信息时间 ,地点,人物,大写字母,长难单词,但是不能用核心

14、名词来定位 2.自然段原则 3.上下卡位 答案1,原文重现-快速阅读 2,同替换义-精细阅读,B 猜题 1.上下题目互给信息 2.相似相反原则 3.主旨靠近主旨覆盖 C 选择题本身特点 1排除法 绝对性词语,精细阅读中照抄原文的,主旨与推断题目中细节信息 2.代入法 解决词汇语义题,完型填空 A 传统的解题方法 1 固定搭配 2 逻辑关系 3 以动词为切入点 4 以名词为切入点 5 感情色彩 B 经典解题技巧 6 寻找复现 7 寻找同现 8 已有的社会常识和背景 9 以核心名词为发散中心 C 选择题目本身的特点 10 排除同性元素,我 永 恒,曾经有一份爱情出现在我面前，我没有好好珍惜，如果再

15、给我一次机会的话，我会对我爱的人说“我爱你”，如果要加一个期限的话我希望是一万年,语法大项,虚拟语气 定义：表示说话人的主观愿望或者假想.所以所说的条件一般是与现实相反的,时态退后最大的特点,一)用于非真实条件下的状语从句,与现在事实相反 例：If I were girl ,I would marry you. If he were here,he would help you,例1. If you had worked harder, you would have pass the CET4 练习 If Marry had not been badly hurt in a ccident,s

16、he -in last monthS marathon race A would participate C might participate B would have participate D must participate,例1.If he succeeded ,everything would be all right . If he should (were to ) succeeded , everything would be all right,to do the work ,I should do it some other day A If were I B I wer

17、e C were I D was 如果虚拟条件从句中含有were should 或had可将if省略,再把were should 或had移到从句句首,进行倒装. If he were here,he would help you were he here, he would help you I 注意如果说were I not to do 而不能说weren t I not to do,二)用于名词性从句,3.The professor required that -(我们交报告)by the end of month (2006.06) 切块： 我们we , 交hand in , 报告re

18、port, 研究research We should hand in the research report 1)Order suggest propose (proposal) require demand request insist command idea advice plan 等表示命令,请求,建议,命令,要求等一类词在从句中(should) 动词原形 例句 I make a proposal that we should hold a meeeing next week,A Your pale face suggests that you should be ill B Your

19、 pale face suggests that you are ill C I insist that you should be wrong D I insist that you were wrong Suggest 不表示建议而表示 “暗示 表明”时候用陈述语气 insist不表示坚持要某人做某事时而表示“坚持认为”的的时候要用陈述语气,2)wish用法 I wish I were handsome boy (事实上并没有) He wish he hadnt said that(事实上已经讲了,3)It is (high) time that 在句型中的应用 It is (high)

20、time that后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should动词原形 A It is (high) time that the children went to bed B It is (high) time that the children should go to bed,4)if only 用法 a. if only表示如果就好了 if only I were a handsome boy b.only if表示只有才 I wake up only if the clock rings,倒装知识要点: 倒装分完全倒装与部分倒装两种类型，重点是部分倒装，即只有系动词、助动词和情态动词参

21、与的倒装。常见的倒装结构可以分为四大类,1、 否定倒装。指否定副词或否定的副词性结构（hardly, seldom, scarcely, never, little, nowhere, ，under no circumstances, in no way， no sooner than）hardly .when not until用于句首时所导致的倒装。 例1.I have never seen so beatiful girl Never have I seen so beatiful girl. 例2.The monther did not leave the room until the

22、 child fell asleep Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room,not until 时间状语（正常语序） 助动词 主语 他刚试着使用这 台机器它就不转了 -than it did not work No sooner than Try to use He had tried to use No soone had he tried to use the machine,2、虚拟倒装。指在IF引导的虚拟条件句中，将IF省略，把should, had, were提至主语前，形成倒装。 e.g. Wer

23、e I you, Ill never promise to do that. 3、 强调倒装。为突出强调某一成分而将它提至句首时，实行倒装：句子结构要求倒装：如：only 等 例you learn English well only in this way only in this way ,can you learn English well,4、 省略倒装。涉及词语包括so, neither, nor Tom can speak English so can jack If you wont go ,neither will I She like swimming so do I She

24、like swimming so she dose 当引出的句子用于对上文的内容加以肯定或证实时候,不可用倒装结构,意思为“的确如此,动词的非谓语形式,1 有一个女孩子坐在那里 there is a girl sitting there 2.在中国人们讲什么样的语言 What is language spoken in china 动词做后置定语时，要看该动词与之前名词的关系，如果是主动关系，则为ing 形式，如果是被动关系，则为过去分词形式 真题演练 母亲看着她受伤的儿子送进手术室,The mother wacthed her injured son taken into the opera

25、ting room 3. - from the moon. XiaMen is very beatiful A saw B. seeing C seen D being sen 例 Having been attacked by terrorists- A doctors came to their rescue B the tall buiding collapsed C an emergency was taken D warning were given to tourists,4.-is a fine day ,we are going to travel. A what B It i

26、s C It being D It was 动词的独立主格结构 相当于状语。或者是表语，在句子中充当时间，原因，地点等 该句子结构一般 1。有两个不同的主语 2，中间有逗号隔开 这个时候应该将其谓语动词变成being,第一步：首先快速浏览句子，先看英语不看汉语，从而判断划线处所填句子的形式、时态。所谓形式包括： 1词组固定搭配（不定式短语、分词短语、动名词、句子等） 2虚拟 3被动 所谓时态是指：根据前后已经给出的英语句子判断所填英语句子的时态。 第二步：看括号里面的汉语句子，以核心谓语动词为切入点，找准主谓宾、分清定状补。 第三步：先翻译主谓宾、后翻译定状补， 切块对应翻译，重新组合。动词注

27、意时态，名词注,CET-4：2006.6】 87Having spent some time in the city，he had no trouble_(找到去历史博物馆的路). 【句意】在城市里待了一些时间后，他能毫不费力地找到去历史博物馆的路。 【解析】题干中已经给出have no trouble，说明考查的是have (no) trouble (in) doing sth这一词组的用法，因此可以断定，考点之一必然是答案需要使用动名词形式。“找到去的路”应该用find the way to,虚拟语气 1.The victim -(本来有机会活下来)if he had been taken

28、 to hospital in time(2006.12 ) 正常语序 if he had been taken to hospital in time The victim -(本来有机会活下来) 活 survive 有机会 have a chance Woud have a chance to survived 2.If she had returned an hour earlier ,Mary -(就不会被大雨淋了) (2009.06) 被雨淋 Catch in 大雨 heavy rain Woud not have been caught in heavy rain,3.The pr

29、ofessor required that -(我们交报告)by wednsday (2006.06) 切块： 我们we , 交hand in , 报告report, 研究research We should hand in the research report,倒装 1.Not only -(他向我收费过高) ,but he did not do a good repair either 收费 charge过高收费 overcharge 时态过去式 He overcharged me did he overcharge 2.-(直到他完成使命) did he realize that he

30、 was seriously ill He realized that he was seriously ill-(直到他完成使命) 完成finish 使命 mission task 直到until Not until he had finished the mission,Having spent some time in the city ,he -(找到去历史博物馆) had no trouble the way to the history museum(2006.06) 切块.-找到Find 去路the way to 历史 history 博物馆museum 答案-fingding

31、the way to the history museum,状语从句 1) 时间状语从句 Some psychhologists claim that people-(出门在外时可能会感到孤独)2006.12 切块-feel lonely be away from home 答案-may feel lonely when they are away from home 条件状语从句 please come here at ten tomorrow morning (如果你方便的话)2006 12 If it is convenient for you,1.Since my child I ha

32、ve found that to me -(没有什么比读书更有吸引力)nothing is more than reading 2.The more you explain -(我愈加迷惑) the more confused I am 名词性从句 -(大多数父母所关心的)is providing the best education possible for children . 切块- 父母 parents 关心 concern about大多数most of 答案-what most of parents are concern about,固定搭配 1.The nation popul

33、ation continuses to rise -(以每年1200万的速度速度) 切块-以速度 at the rate of 答案-at the rate of 12 million per year 2 .Because of the leg injury,the athlete -(决定退出比赛) 切块- 决定做某事 decide to do sth 退出quit 答案-decide to quit the match,反译法 注意.实在翻译不出来,不要硬拼凑.可以用反译 1 河水还没有干 There is still water in the river 2他每次都赢 He never

34、 lose,作文 1. 五级评分标准 2.字数适中 3.不同的单词表达同一意思,1)表示看法 People have (take adopt assume)different attitudes towards sth People have different views on the question some people believe that others argue that 2)表示重要 必要 困难 方便 可能 It is important(necessary diffcult convenient possble) for sb.to do sth It plays an

35、important role in our life,3) 表示好处 It has the following advantages It benefits us a lot It dose us quite a lot 4)表示坏处 It has more disadvantage than advantage It dose us much harm It is harmful to us 5)表示原因 The reasons for this is obvious We have good reason to believe that,表示措施 We should take some e

36、ffective measures We should solve the problem that we are confronted with 表示结论 1.from what has been mentioned above we can come to conlusion that. 2 It may be briefly summed up as follows 3.In short ,it can be said that,表示顺承 1.every sword has two blades 2.each coin has two sides 3. everything divide

37、s into 表示现状.事实 1.This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in 2.no one can deny the fact that. 3. we can not ignore the fact that,表示比较的 1.there is a striking concrast between them 2. compered with A,B 2 I prefer to .rather than 套语 1. it is well known to us that 2 as is known to us 3. this

38、 is a topic that is being talked about 4. from the graph(table chart)listed above .it can be seen that 5. as aproverb says where there is a will.there is a way,Advantage and disadvantage Nowadays,With the development of the society , with the adevent of -.many people prefer-because it plays a signif

39、icant role in our daily life . Generally speaking ,its advantages can be seen as follows . on one hand - on the other hand,However, every sword has two blades.The negative aspects are also aparent , one of the prominent disadvantages is that - To make the matters worse,Through the above analysis ,I believe that the postive aspects far outweighs its negative aspects .for instance.- whatever e