生物工程专业英语单词

1、嗜常温的Mesophilic生源说Biogenesis氢hydrogen需氧的Aerobic疫苗vaccine碳carbon厌氧的Anaerobic培养cultivation氮nitrogen内生孢子Endospore无菌的aseptic氧oxygen耐高渗Halotolerant毒力virulence氯chlorine病原微生物pathogen稀释attenuation钠sodium肠道的entero消毒sterilization分裂fissionDNADeoxyribonucleic acidRNARibonucleic acid硫酸Sulfuric acidTCATricarboxyli

2、c acidPCRPolymerase chain reactioncfuColony forming unit黑曲霉Aspergillus niger沙门氏菌Salmonella typhi大肠杆菌Escherichia coli巴氏杀菌pesteurizationHIVhuman immunodeficiency virus革兰氏阳/阴性Gram positive/negative试管Tube烧杯Beaker鞭毛flagella漏斗Funnel属genus纤毛pili培养皿Petri dishes命名法nomenclature荚膜capsule移液枪Pipette球菌coccus细胞膜pl

3、asma membrane枪头Tip链球菌streptoccus原生质体cytoplasm微生物Microbe(s)杆菌bacillus细胞壁cell wallMicroorganism弧菌vibrio染色体chromosome肉眼Unaided eye螺旋杆菌spirillum核糖体ribosome生态系统ecosystem新陈代谢metabolism叶绿体chloroplast光合作用photosynthesis分解代谢catabolism青霉菌penicillium发酵ferment(ation)遗传学genetics青霉素penicillin纤维素酶cellulose繁殖reprodu

4、ction益生菌probiotic胰岛素insulin制造业manufacture益生元prebiotic糖尿病diabete(s)促进facilitate抗生素antibiotic极性共价键polar bond共价键covalent bond离子键ionic bond氢键hydrogen bond原子atom底物substrate色素(photo)pigment电子electron延长、拉长elongate染色stain原子核nucleus完全相同的identical瘫痪paralysis复制、折叠replicate外显子exon杂交hybridization藻类algae内含子intron

5、合成synthetic流行病学epidemiology终止子terminatorsynthesis生物降解bioremediation启动子promoter同时地simultaneously防腐剂preservative转录transcription噬菌体bacteriophage洗涤剂detergent翻译translation颗粒particleGMFgenetically modified food反转录PCRreverse transcriptase PCR最适条件optimal condition实时定量PCRRealtime PCR性状traitRNA剪切RNA slicing核酸

6、nucleic acid遗传学heredity/genetic糖主链sugar backbone育种breeding遗传inheritance密码子codon固氮fix nitrogen相互作用interaction三联密码子triplet酿brewing核苷酸碱基nucleotide bases内质网endoplasmic reticulumAAdenine氨基酸amino acid杂种muleTThymine简并性degenerate小麦wheatGGuanine调控regulate大麦barleyCCytocine神经元neuron玉米maze/cornUUracil成纤维细胞fibro

7、blast大豆soybean链strand肌肉细胞muscle cell高粱sorghum定位orientation源于；得自derive谷物cereal引物primer表明；指出indicate豆类legume互补complementary分离isolate穗panicle序列sequence扩增amplification生理盐水saline单倍体hyploid载体vector胆固醇chloesterol双倍体diploid质粒plasmid白灵药panacea常染色体autosomal chromosomes性染色体sex chromosome红细胞red blood cell生殖细胞ge

8、rm cell端粒telomere转化transformation插入adding精子sperm提取extract敲除removing卵子egg组织tissue克隆clone基因组genome器官organ花粉pollencDNAcomplementary DNA探针probe干预intervention生物技术biotechnology纯化purify症状indication生物学的biological重组recombinant前体物precursor裂解性噬菌体lytic cycle机制，机理mechanism膳食纤维dietary fiber溶源性噬菌体lysogenic cycle传统

9、的conventional生物多样性biodiversity衣壳capsid合成，混合compound耕种tillage成熟maturation标识，标签label造假adulteration基因差异表达differential gene expression副作用adverse/side effect计划生育birth control 水土流失soil erosion胚胎embryo改善，改良amelioration过敏原allergen非天然添加剂artificial ingredient液态深层发酵罐submerged fermentor饮料beverage接种inoculation麦汁

10、wort啤酒花hop不足的deficient探针probe酸acid碱alkali糖化mashing液态发酵LSFliquid-state fermentation固态发酵SSFsolid-state fermentation生物反应器fermentorbioreactor作业甘油三酯triglycerides乳糖lactose希拉细胞Hela cellmRNAmessengerRNA蔗糖sucrose蛋白质proteinrRNAribosomal RNA核糖ribose糖sugartRNAtransferRNA酶enzyme溶酶体lysosomeR基R-Group细胞核nucleus生物体o

11、rganism胰腺pancreas小分子micromolecule专业的；特化specialized有机物organic大分子macromolecule细胞器organelle细胞cell细胞学cytology合成synthesis组织tissue亲水的hydrophilic子单位subunit器官organ疏水的hydrophobic基团group多糖polysaccharide聚合物polymer羧基carboxyl 缠绕intertwine分子molecule调节，控制regulate细胞的cellular功能function细胞系cell line脂质lipid二糖disaccharide由.组成compo