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编号无锡太湖学院毕业设计（论文）相关资料题目： 混辗式混砂机机械结构设计 信机 系 机械工程及自动化专业学 号： 0923203学生姓名： 宦乾元 指导教师： 范圣耀 （职称：副教授 ） 2013年5月20日目 录一、毕业设计（论文）开题报告二、毕业设计（论文）外文资料翻译及原文三、学生“毕业论文（论文）计划、进度、检查及落实表”四、实习鉴定表无锡太湖学院毕业设计（论文）开题报告题目： 混辗式混砂机机械结构设计 信机 系 机械设计及自动化 专业学 号： 0923203 学生姓名： 宦乾元 指导教师： 范圣耀 （职称：副教授 ） 2013年5月15日 课题来源无锡宜兴某工程设备有限公司科学依据（包括课题的科学意义；国内外研究概况、水平和发展趋势；应用前景等）（1）课题科学意义混砂机是使型砂中各组分均匀混合，并使黏结剂有效地包覆在砂粒表面的设备。混砂机(sand mixer)利用碾轮与碾盘的相对运动，将置于两者间的物料受到碾压兼磨削的作用而粉碎物料，混砂机在粉碎物料的同时还将物料混合。是生产免烧砖、灰砂砖、水泥砖、耐火砖、粉碎和混合粉煤灰、锅炉炉渣、尾矿渣及工业废渣作制砖原料的理想设备。（2）混砂机的研究状况及其发展前景混砂机在粉碎物料的同时还将物料混合。是生产免烧砖、灰砂砖、水泥砖、耐火砖、粉碎和混合粉煤灰、锅炉炉渣、尾矿渣及工业废渣作制砖原料的理想设备。混砂机是砂处理系统的主要设备。混砂机碾轮长时间在粘土砂中碾转工作，其碾轮轴承经常由于密封不好而损坏，影响碾砂工作效率。混辗式混砂机配置具有一定重量的辗轮，混砂时辗轮既能围绕混砂机的主轴公转，又能围绕辗轮轴自转。辗轮在辗压的同时搓研型砂，使型砂颗粒覆上一层黏结剂的薄膜。混制面砂和芯砂时，混砂质量优於其他混砂机。50年代初曾有用弹簧加压的混辗式混砂机。由于采用弹簧加压，辗轮自重减轻，可用较高的主轴转速，同时辗压力可以随被辗压砂层的厚度自动调节，从而保证混砂效果均匀一致，提高了混砂的效率。有如下的特点：1、根据脂硬化水玻璃砂工艺要求精心选择液料过滤器、计量泵、阀，确保流量稳定可靠。2、该机在混砂时直接加入水玻璃和有机脂，经高速混制，混制好的砂子能在短时间内自硬，省去吹二氧化碳的步骤。3、搅刀镶有硬质合金刀头，独特结构设计，能使砂子和水玻璃混制均匀，确保水玻璃均匀涂覆在砂子表面。4、电气采用PLC控制，模拟显示，工作稳定可靠，实现自动化生产。5、采用连续混砂机构设计，能极大提高混砂速度，拥有大回转半径的大臂，满足了大型铸件砂子的快速填充。6、特殊的粘结剂加料系统和型砂出料口设计，配以精确的控制，混砂机启动停止过程中可实现基本无头尾砂损失。这些是特点的不断提升，和智能化的融合是混砂机的发展的必然方向。混出的型砂也会质量越高，数量越多，操作越简单，维护越方便。研究内容1.如何满足混砂机传动装置传动比和承载能力要求；2.使得混砂机的卸砂门的气动机构的气缸少，投资小，机构简单；3.使得混砂机的控制部件实现简单的PLC控制；4.要使减速机具有结构简单，成本低，易于制造，安装、调整要求低，运行维护方便，可靠性更强的特点。拟采取的研究方法、技术路线、实验方案及可行性分析（1）研究方案寻找成熟的结构，进行传动机构的方案变更，加入PLC的控制和选择设计适应的汽缸，从而使其更加方便，高效，便宜。（2）研究方法 1.阅读相关的材料，记录相关的要点；2.根据专业课的所学进行CAD画图，PLC设计，传动机结构的计算以及汽缸选择。研究计划及预期成果研究计划：2012年11月12日-2012年12月25日：按照任务书要求寻找并查阅论文相关参考资料，填写毕业设计开题报告书。2012年12月11日-2013年3月5日：寻找相关的英语资料，并学习研究翻译资料。2013年3月8日-2013年3月14日：构思论文结构，和需要的图纸，并要求修改毕业设计开题报告。2013年3月15日-2013年3月21日：学习并翻译一篇与毕业设计相关的英文材料。2013年3月22日-2013年4月11日：混砂机原理和大体结构，确定需要的参数和数据。 画除传动外的机械图。 2013年4月12日-2013年4月25日：传动与汽缸部分的选择，设计并计算，并画图。2013年4月26日-2013年5月21日：整合以上的资料，撰写毕业论文。预期成果：不仅要满足混砂机传动装置传动比和承载能力要求，而且要使减速机具有结构简单，成本低，易于制造，安装、调整要求低，运行维护方便，可靠性更强的特点。和汽缸结构的特色或创新之处 提高功率，混砂质量，使用时间，功能稳定。具有承载能力大，效率高等突出优点；混砂机重量、外形尺寸减小，整机性能提高。已具备的条件和尚需解决的问题 已有相应的资料。有减速传动的课程设计经验。 混砂机设计各部分之间如何灵活，协调配合性能可以整体提升。指导教师意见 指导教师签名：年 月 日教研室（学科组、研究所）意见 教研室主任签名： 年 月 日系意见 主管领导签名： 年 月 日英文原文英语原文Sand mixerAbstract:A foundry sand mixer for mixing and dispensing silica or green sand and their additives through the enclosed longitudinal belt conveyor mechanism having a plurality of openings in the top communicating with a first feeder disposed above the enclosed longitudinal belt conveyor mechanism and including a pair of openings in the bottom. The first feeder includes an auger-type conveyor and a sand weir communicating with the most upstream opening in the first feeder. A first hopper for containing silica sand and a second hopper for containing green sand are disposed over the first feeder. A selective valve is disposed at the bottom of each of the first and second hoppers permitting the flow of sand through only one of the hoppers at any time or preventing the flow of any sand from the hoppers. The mixer may include additional feeders, some of which are disposed above and downstream from the first feeder, and others including pumps are connected to a plurality of fluids that are fed through a constant speed mixer where the materials are mixed and the mixed materials delivered at a discharge opening. Inventors:Frankie, Donald M. (1599 Gull La., Mound, MN, 55364)Claims: 1. In a foundry sand mixer for mixing and dispensing silica or green sand and their additives, the combination comprising: (a) a support frame pivotal about a vertical axis and having a platform extending radially therefrom; (b) an enclosure including an enclosed longitudinal belt conveyor mechanism extending above said platform and having a plurality of openings in the top of the enclosure communicating with said belt conveyor mechanism; (c) first feeder means disposed above and at the most upstream location of said enclosed longitudinal belt conveyor mechanism, said first feeder means having a bottom and converging sloping sides communicating near the bottom with an auger-type conveyor, and having a pair of openings longitudinally separated in the bottom thereof feeding said belt conveyor;(d) a sand weir communicating with the most upstream opening of said pair of openings in said first feeder means, said sand weir disposed above said longitudinal belt conveyor mechanism for dispersing sand on said belt conveyor mechanism; (e) a first hopper for containing silica sand disposed over the upstream portion of said first feeder means;(f) a second hopper for containing green sand disposed downstream from said first hopper and over said first feeder means; (g) selective valve means disposed at the bottom of each of said first and second hoppers permitting the flow of sand through only one of said hoppers at any time or preventing the flow of any sand from said hoppers; (h) and control means operably connected to said selective valve means for selecting one of said two sands or neither to be dispensed onto said belt conveyor.2. The structure set forth in claim 1 including: (i) a plurality of second feeder means disposed above said belt conveyor mechanism and at a downstream location from said first feeder means, each of said plurality of second feeder means having a bottom and converging sloping sides communicating near the bottom with an auger-type conveyor and having an opening in the bottom thereof feeding said belt conveyor; (j) a constant speed mixer disposed on said platform and arranged to receive granular and liquid materials, mix the materials and deliver the mixed materials at a discharge opening, said belt conveyor communicating with said mixer; (k) and a plurality of pump means connected to a plurality of fluids and communicating with said mixer.Description: This invention relates to the field of mixers and more particularly to the field of foundry sand mixers for mixing silica or green sand and their additives. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION While the art of mixing foundry sand per se through a mechanical process is generally known, there are attendant problems in attempting to use the same equipment for mixing green sand and its additives as generally might be used in a mixer using silica sand and its additives. Because of the inherent differences in the materials to be mixed and passed through the machine, the practice has generally been to use separate machines for each of the different foundry sand materials and processes. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The embodiments of this improvement invention makes it possible to combine the necessary equipment into a single machine to mix either green sand or silica sand and their additives. Various means have been attempted to mix green sand which requires the addition of such other granular and dry ingredients as fire clay, bentonite, sea coal, pitch, wood flour and the like, along with an appropriate mixture of water. On the other hand, silica sand, which may also be known as a no-bake sand, is generally mixed with dry granular materials such as chromite and ferric oxide and several liquid ingredients which may include certain chemicals. Because certain green sand molds may be broken down after use and reused, green sand, when mixed with such components, provides a different flow pattern than that of silica sand. Silica sand flows through hoppers and equipment much like the flow of water whereas green sand has additional additives and mixtures that generally make it lumpy with attendant flow problems. Various means have been devised in the past to make a slurry of the additives and add them to the green sand but the mechanism does not prove to be useful in working with both types of molding sand. One such mechanism is that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,070,858 issued to J. S. Beacon. It is also known that certain silica sand or no-bake sand mixers have been available but are not operable to run green sand through them and mix the green sand in the manner generally attributable to silica sand. One such disclosure of a mechanism of this type is found in U.S. Pat. No. 3,682,448 isued to Kedzior et al. The present invention is an improvement upon the mechanism disclosed in my earlier U.S. Pat. No. 4,140,246 entitled PROPORTIONAL CONTROL SYSTEM FOR FOUNDRY SAND MIXING DEVICE. It is therefore a general object of the present invention to provide an improvement in foundry sand mixing equipment. It is a more specific object of this invention to provide a foundry sand mixer that will mix either silica sand or foundry green sand and their additives. It is yet another object of this invention to provide a foundry sand mixer in which either silica sand or foundry green sand is controlled by a valve mechanism selectively depositing one or the other on a belt conveyor for proper mixing. These and other objects and advantages of the invention will more fully appear from the following description, made in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference characters refer to the same or similar parts throughout the several views, and in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the mixer control circuit; FIGS. 3A and 3B are schematic diagrams of the drive circuits for all of the variable speed motors driving feeders and pumps in the invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram of the control panel on the end of the mixer; and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the selective sand valve. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Reference is now made to FIG. 1 wherein the foundry sand mixer 10 is disclosed. The mixer is secured to a base 11 that has a vertical axis about which a housing 12 pivots, housing 12 having a cantilever beam 13 extending radially therefrom. At the upstream end of the mechanism, a bracket 14 supports one end of an enclosed conveyor mechanism 15 and the other end of conveyor mechanism 15 is supported by a chute 16 that acts as a support bracket that is indirectly secured to beam 13. A belt conveyor 17 is disposed within the housing 15 and is supported for movement by a plurality of horizontal transversely oriented rollers 20. A direct current drive motor 21 is connected to the downstream end roller to drive the belt conveyor mechanism 17. Disposed above the enclosed conveyor 15 is a first feeder 22 which is elevated slightly above the conveyor enclosure 15. Feeder 22 is in the nature of a container having sloping sides converging at the bottom with an auger-type conveyor 23 driven by a variable speed motor 24. Feeder 22 has its sides extending upwardly at an angle of approximately 30 degrees with a vertical and it has been found that if the sides extend outwardly so that the angle with the vertical is approximately 45 degrees, flow of the green sand will be encumbered. Feeder 22 has two openings in the bottom thereof, the first terminating in a sand weir 25 which is at the upstream location with respect to the longitudinal dimension of the feeder and is directly beneath a silica sand hopper 26. Disposed downstream from said weir 25 is a tubular member 27 that communicates between an opening 30 in the bottom of first feeder 22 and the top of the enclosed conveyor mechanism 15. Disposed across the opening 30 is a scarifier 31 in the nature of two right angle diametrically oriented rods that are used to break up any lumps that may still exist upon being conveyed to that opening by auger conveyor 23. Silica sand hopper 26 is disclosed as being generally rectangular in shape having a common side 32 which acts as a separator with another hopper 33 that is used to contain green sand. The sides of the hoppers slope downwardly in a converging manner and are terminated in a pair of chutes 34 and 35. A selective valve 36 is disposed across the openings of chutes 34 and 35 so that upon movement to the right (as seen in FIG. 1) sand will flow from hopper 26 through chute 34 into first feeder 22 but block flow of sand through chute 35 and upon movement to the left, valve means will permit flow of green sand from hopper 33 through chute 35 but block the movement of silica sand. In other words, either silica sand or green sand is admitted during the two extreme movements and while the valve is in its center position, sand is restricted from movement into either chute 34 or 35. Selective valve 36 is controlled by an air cylinder 37 that has a piston rod 38 connected to valve 36 through a linkage 40. A solenoid actuated valve 41 is connected to a source of pressurized air 42 through a pneumatic line 43. The source of air under pressure is generally 100 psi for good operating conditions. A pair of pneumatic lines 44 and 45 connect solenoid valve 41 with air cylinder 37 and the solenoid coils are controlled through an electrical circuit connected to the solenoid valve 41. A 110 volt source is connected through a common lead 46 to solenoid valve 41 and one coil has its return current path through a conductor 47 and one terminal of a single pole double throw switch 50. The switch blade is connected to the other terminal of the 110 volt source through a conductor 51. Another coil in the solenoid valve 41 is connected through the electrical circuit by a conductor 52 connected to another terminal of switch 50. As disclosed in FIG. 5, when the switch blade is connected with conductor 47, the silica sand or no-bake sand is permitted to pass through valve mechanism 36 and when the other portion of the solenoid valve is actuated through conductor 52, the green sand is permitted to pass through valve 36. A second feeder 53 is disposed above the conveyor enclosure 15 downstream from first feeder 22. Second feeder 53 has the same general shape and configuration as that of first feeder 22 and includes a conveyor auger 54 driven by a variable speed motor 55 through a pair of sprockets 56 and 57 and a chain 58. Second feeder 53 has an opening in its bottom near the downstream end of auger conveyor 54 which is coupled to the housing 15 through a tubular member 60. Disposed above the auger conveyor 54 is a stirrer 61 that is in the form of shaft extending parallel to the shaft of the auger conveyor 54 and having a plurality of branches or arms extending therefrom, which when the assembly is turned tends to break up any bridges or lumping of materials such as bentonite or sea coal. A pair of sprockets and a chain drive stirrer 61 form the shaft of auger conveyor 54. A third feeder 62 is disposed downstream from second feeder 53 and is generally identical for the most part to that of second feeder 53. Feeder 62 also contains an augur-type conveyor 63 driven by variable speed motor 64 with a tubular section 65 connecting the opening in the bottom of the feeder through an opening in the top of conveyor housing 15. Disposed at the bottom of the housing or compartment 12 is a pair of liquid containers 70 and 71 which may contain chemicals or may contain water, depending upon the type of additive to be made to the particular sand which is being mixed. Container 70 is connected to a pump 72 through a pipe 73 communicating with container 70 and an outlet line 74 is connected to pump 72. In a similar manner, a pump 75 is connected to fluid in container 71 through a pipe 76 and the outlet of pump 75 is dispensed through a pipe or line 77. A pair of variable speed motors 80 and 81 is respectively connected to pumps 72 and 75 to dispense the liquids contained in containers 70 and 71. The variable speed motors described are conventional variable speed direct current motors and are generally 3/4 H.P. in size. Air cylinder 37 is approximately one and one-half inches in diameter and has a six inch stroke and is manufactured by Lynair under Model No. AB102-6 whereas the solenoid valve 14 is of the type manufactured by Novi, Model 25C4E. A cylindrical mixer 90 is secured to beam 13 by suitable means and has a plurality of paddles 91 carried by a shaft 92 that does the actual mixing. Shaft 92 is connected to a constant speed motor 93 by suitable means such as a coupling or clutch. Chute 16 receives materials from conveyor 17 through an opening formed in the downstream end beyond the end of conveyor 17. The lower end of chute 16 opens into a segment of mixer 90 at the upstream side thereof. Fluid-carrying pipes 74 and 77 are also connected to mixer 90 near the downstream side of the mixer. In FIG. 2, the mixer motor drive circuit is disclosed in which a three phase 220 volt power line applies power through lines L1, L2 and L3 to mixer motor 93 through three relay contacts, all designated mixer starter contacts M1. The 220 volt line is connected to a transformer TR1 where a voltage reduction takes place in the secondary and 110 volt single phase alternating current is obtained and is applied to one line as a common or neutral line 100. A mixer motor relay M1 has its coil connected between line 100 and another line 101 connected to the secondary of transformer TR1 through a normally closed Mixer Stop pushbutton switch 102 and a normally open Mixer Start switch 103. In parallel with switch 103 is another pair of normally open relay contacts M1. Electrical line 101 is extended in a parallel path through another set of relay contacts M1 which are closed upon depressing start switch 103 and upon depressing another normally open pushbutton switch 104 current is applied to a pump motor start relay CR1 that is also connected to neutral line 100. Upon pulling the switch button for switch 104, the circuit is opened. In parallel with switch 104 and control relay CR1 is another normally open double pole pushbutton switch identified as a SAND AND PUMP SWITCH 105, and upon closing connects another control relay CR2 with neutral line 100. Another control relay CR3 is connected in parallel with control relay CR2 through the second set of contacts in switch 105. Control relay CR2 is used to energize all of the pump circuits and control relay CR3 is used to energize all of the feeders that are used to supply additives by the feeders. At the bottom of the circuit is shown the sand selector switch 50 that is connected to the solenoid coil of solenoid valve 41, causing the valve to be actuated and apply fluid under pressure to the cylinder to cause the movement of valve 36. Turning now to FIGS. 3A and 3B, the electrical schematic of the variable speed drive motors will now be described. Alternating current of 230 volts single phase is applied through a switch 106 to each of the different mechanisms that may be in addition to the belt conveyor, feeders or pumps. A discussion of a portion of the circuit will be germain to the remainder where the various circuits and variable speed drive mechanisms are substantially identical to each other. Power is applied to channel 1 and the circuit in association with motor 21. The variable speed drive has a feed back circuit which works through a toothed wheel 107 that is sensed by a magnetic sensor 108 and the signal supplied to the circuit board 110. Circuit board 110 also has the field connections for the motor connected thereto as well as the armature connections through appropriate relay contacts identified as the relays shown in FIG. 2. Circuit board 110 is further identified as a TF131D and is a tachometer follower speed control identified with that part number and available from Detection Sciences, Inc. of 2165 Cheshire Lane North, Minneapolis, Minn. The tachometer follower motor speed control is a digital closed loop operation in which the speed command is obtained in the form of a pulse train generated by a frequency control signal that enters the circuit on terminal number 9. Feedback of the follower motor speed is obtained from magnetic pickup 108 which senses the speed of the motor to be compared and if the pulse train rates differ from a set ratio, then an error signal is generated and voltage to the motor armature is changed to increase or decrease the motor speed. The ratio may be changed through the use of a variable resistor connected between terminals 1 and 8 but the external resistance is fixed for the conveyor 17, thus producing a fixed speed unless the pulses received at input 9 change the conveyor mechanism speed. Another circuit board 110 is connected in a similar manner to motor 24 except that the fixed resistor connected between terminals 1 and 8 is changed and in its place, a 1,000 ohm variable resistor 111 is substituted in its place so that the speed relationship of motor 24 may be varied independently of the operation of motor 21. Thus the feed auger conveyor 23 may be operated at different speeds by comparison to the speed of motor 21. It will of course be evident that the other circuit boards 110 are similar to that described previously, along with the attendant speed sensors through the use of the toothed wheel 107 and magnetic sensor 108. It will also be understood that motors 80 and 81 could be replaced by motors 55 or 64, depending upon whether a dry additive was to be used or a chemical. Therefore, the drive motors have been identified in an alternate manner in FIGS. 3A and 3B. It is also desirable in some instances to have a variable speed resistor 112 at a convenient location so that the operator may adjust the same from a control panel 113 where such liquids as water are critical in a green sand mix. It will also be desirable on certain occasions to change the speed of all of the mechanisms without losing the speed relationship established through the use of the speed adjust potentiometers such as 111 and 112. Therefore, a speed control arm 114 is secured to another 1,000 ohm speed control potentiometer 115 that is connected to an oscillator circuit 116 that is shown in a simplified form and identified further as part No. RC271-357 manufactured by Detection Sciences, Inc. at 2165 Cheshire Lane North, Minneapolis, Minn. The module makes use of a voltage controlled oscillator which provides an output frequency that is proportional to a voltage input of zero to 5 volts DC. The voltage controlled oscillator takes its 0-50 DC input signal from a precision potentiometer 115 that is used to trim the five volt power supply of the circuit. This trimmed five volt output signal appears at terminal 9 and is applied to each of the circuit boards 110 identified previously. Thus the circuit can then be used to provide synchronous motor speed trim capability by the adjustment of a single potentiometer 115. It must be noted that it is not possible to simply interchange the silica sand and green sand in hoppers 26 and 33 because the green sand, as stated previously, quite often is mixed with the materials which were formed into a mold and broken into parts and dumped back in the hopper. Because the silica sand flows much like water, weir 15 is needed to make an even layer or spreading of the sand on conveyor belt 17 whereas green sand would plug up the weir and has not proved successful in attempts to use the same mechanism as used for silica sand. Additionally, it has been found that where the auger-type conveyors 23, 54 and 64, are in use, if they have a six inch diameter, the port at the bottom of the feeder which opens into the tubular sections 27, 60 and 65 should be approximately 5 inches in diameter to give a proper flow of materials onto the belt conveyor 17. By providing means to break up the green sand and permitting it to travel further in the bottom of the first feeder 22, it has been found that a successful operation will take place in dispensing the green sand into the enclosed conveyor 15. It will, of course, be understood that various changes may be made in the form, details, arrangement and proportions of the parts without departing from the scope of the invention which consists of the matter shown and described herein and set forth in the appended claims. 中文译文混砂机摘要： 铸造砂搅拌机通过封闭的纵向带式输送机来混合和配料二氧化硅或型砂及其添加剂，带有一个个的给料口，连接第一个配料装置，配料装置在带式输送机机制的顶部，底部有两个开口。 The first feeder includes an auger-type conveyor and a sand weir communicating with the most upstream opening in the first feeder.第一给料装置包括螺旋式输送机和一个挡砂板，这个挡砂板连接配料装置的最上端的给料口。 A first hopper for containing silica sand and a second hopper for containing green sand are disposed over the first feeder.第一个漏斗含有石英砂和第二漏斗里的是型砂和添加剂，正对着第一个配料装置。 A selective valve is disposed at the bottom of each of the first and second hoppers permitting the flow of sand through only one of the hoppers at any time or preventing the flow of any sand from the hoppers.换向阀通向的每个次料斗底部的给料口，允许任意时刻任一一个料斗的砂子流过，还可以防止任一一个料斗的砂子流过。 The mixer may include additional feeders, some of which are disposed above and downstream from the first feeder, and others including pumps are connected to a plurality of fluids that are fed through a constant speed mixer where the materials are mixed and the mixed materials delivered at a discharge opening.该混砂机可包括多个配料装置，其中一些是装置连接从上游到下游的给料口，其他包括泵连接的多种液体通过专门的的高速搅拌机补给，材料在搅拌机中混合然后混合材料通过开口排除。发明者：弗兰基，唐纳德先生 声明：1 、 In a foundry sand mixer for mixing and dispensing silica or green sand and their additives, the combination comprising:在铸造砂搅拌机混合和配料二氧化硅或型砂及其添加剂，混合物包括： (a) a support frame pivotal about a vertical axis and having a platform extending radially therefrom; （ a ）一个支撑框架包括一根垂直轴，并有一个平台，径向到轴;(b) an enclosure including an enclosed longitudinal belt conveyor mechanism extending above said platform and having a plurality of openings in the top of the enclosure communicating with said belt conveyor mechanism; （ b ）一个支撑框架包括封闭的纵向延伸机制带式输送机上述表示的平台和具有多元性的开口的顶部外壳沟通说带式输送机机制; (c) first feeder means disposed above and at the most upstream location of said enclosed longitudinal belt conveyor mechanism, said first feeder means having a bottom and converging sloping sides communicating near the bottom with an auger-type conveyor, and having a pair of openings longitudinally separated in the bottom thereof feeding said belt conveyor; （ c ）第一配料装置给料方式，在逆向的位置封闭机制带式输送机向第一给料口意味着一种自下而上和沟通融合坡面底部附近的一个螺旋式输送机，并拥有双开口，纵向分离的，底部有配料装置的带式输送机; (d) a sand weir communicating with the most upstream opening of said pair of openings in said first feeder means, said sand weir disposed above said longitudinal belt conveyor mechanism for dispersing sand on said belt conveyor mechanism; （ d ）在沙堰沟通最上游开幕表示对开口说第一配料装置说，沙堰处置上述表示纵向带式输送机机制分散沙子说带式输送机机制; (e) a first hopper for containing silica sand disposed over the upstream portion of said first feeder means; （ e ）在第一个漏斗遏制硅砂处置的上游部分，第一给料装置; (f) a second hopper for containing green sand disposed downstream from said first hopper and over said first feeder means; （ F ）的第二个漏斗遏制型砂处理下游第一漏斗和第一给料装置; (g) selective valve means disposed at the bottom of each of said first and second hoppers permitting the flow of sand through only one of said hoppers at any time or preventing the flow of any sand from said hoppers; （ g ）项换向阀手段处置底部的每个说第一次和第二次料斗允许通过流砂只有一个说料斗在任何时候或防止任何的流动沙说料斗; (h) and control means operably connected to said selective valve means for selecting one of said two sands or neither to be dispensed onto said belt conveyor. （ h ）和控制手段operably说选择性连接到阀门的手段之一，说选择两个砂或既不免除上说带式输送机。 2. 2 、 The structure set forth in claim 1 including:结构中规定的索赔1 ，其中包括： (i) a plurality of second feeder means disposed above said belt conveyor mechanism and at a downstream location from said first feeder means, each of said plurality of second feeder means having a bottom and converging sloping sides communicating near the bottom with an auger-type conveyor and having an opening in the bottom thereof feeding said belt conveyor;（i）多元化的第二个给料装置处置上述表示带式输送机机制和在下游位置由第一给料装置，每个说多元化的第二个直属意味着一种自下而上和沟通融合坡面底部附近的一个螺旋型输送机，并在一个开放的底部有喂养说带式输送机; (j) a constant speed mixer disposed on said platform and arranged to receive granular and liquid materials, mix the materials and deliver the mixed materials at a discharge opening, said belt conveyor communicating with said mixer; (j )条不断加快处置密炼机上说平台，并安排接收颗粒和液体材料，混合材料，并提供了混合材料在履行开放，说带式输送机沟通说混合器; (k) and a plurality of pump means connected to a plurality of fluids and communicating with said mixer. (k )和多元化的泵是指连接到一个多元化的液体和沟通说混合器。 描述：本发明涉及领域的混砂机，尤其铸造砂搅拌机混合硅或型砂及其添加剂。 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION背景发明 While the art of mixing foundry sand per se through a mechanical process is generally known, there are attendant problems in attempting to use the same equipment for mixing green sand and its additives as generally might be used in a mixer using silica sand and its additives.虽然艺术的混合铸造砂本身通过一个机械过程一般是已知的，还有随之而来的问题，尝试使用相同的设备，用于混合型砂及其添加剂一般可用于在一个混砂机使用硅砂及其添加剂。 Because of the inherent differences in the materials to be mixed and passed through the machine, the practice has generally been to use separate machines for each of the different foundry sand materials and processes.由于固有的差异，材料的混合，通过机器，这种做法通常是使用单独的机器，每一个不同的铸造砂材料和工艺。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION概要发明 The embodiments of this improvement invention makes it possible to combine the necessary equipment into a single machine to mix either green sand or silica sand and their additives.这种改善的发明体现在可以把必要的设备到一台机器或者混合型砂或硅砂及其添加剂。 Various means have been attempted to mix green sand which requires the addition of such other granular and dry ingredients as fire clay, bentonite, sea coal, pitch, wood flour and the like, along with an appropriate mixture of water.各种手段一直试图混合型砂需要增加其他成分颗粒和干火灾粘土，膨润土，海上煤炭，沥青，木粉等，同时适当的混合水。 On the other hand, silica sand, which may also be known as a no-bake sand, is generally mixed with dry granular materials such as chromite and ferric oxide and several liquid ingredients which may include certain chemicals.另一方面，石英砂，这也可能是被称为“不硬”的沙子，通常是用干颗粒混合材料，如铬和氧化铁和一些液体成分其中可能包括某些化学品。 Because certain green sand molds may be broken down after use and reused, green sand, when mixed with such components, provides a different flow pattern than that of silica sand.因为某些型砂铸模可细分后，使用和重复使用，型砂，当混合组成部分，提供了不同的流态比硅砂。 Silica sand flows through hoppers and equipment much like the flow of water whereas green sand has additional additives and mixtures that generally make it lumpy with attendant flow problems.硅砂流经料斗和设备就像流动的水，而有更多的型砂添加剂和混合物，通常使块状与随之而来的流动问题。 Various means have been devised in the past to make a slurry of the additives and add them to the green sand but the mechanism does not prove to be useful in working with both types of molding sand.各种手段已经制订了在过去作出的泥浆添加剂和添加到型砂的机制，但并不证明是有用的工作这两种类型的型砂。 One such mechanism is that disclosed in US Pat.一个这样的机制是，在美国披露帕特。 No. 3,070,858 issued to JS Beacon.第3070858发给记者灯塔。 It is also known that certain silica sand or no-bake sand mixers have been available but are not operable to run green sand through them and mix the green sand in the manner generally attributable to silica sand.人们还知道，某些硅砂或“不硬”砂搅拌机已有但操作运行型砂通过他们和混合型砂的方式，通常是由于硅砂。 One such disclosure of a mechanism of this type is found in US Pat.这样的一个公开的机制，这种类型是在美国帕特。 No. 3,682,448 isued to Kedzior et al.第3682448 isued以Kedzior等。 The present invention is an improvement upon the mechanism disclosed in my earlier US Pat.本发明是一种改进的机制中披露我先前美国帕特。 No. 4,140,246 entitled PROPORTIONAL CONTROL SYSTEM FOR FOUNDRY SAND MIXING DEVICE.It is therefore a general object of the present invention to provide an improvement in foundry sand mixing equipment.因此，这是一个一般对象本发明提供一种改进铸造砂搅拌设备。 It is a more specific object of this invention to provide a foundry sand mixer that will mix either silica sand or foundry green sand and their additives.这是一个更具体的对象，本发明提供一种铸造砂搅拌机混合要么将石英砂或铸造型砂及其添加剂。 It is yet another object of this invention to provide a foundry sand mixer in which either silica sand or foundry green sand is controlled by a valve mechanism selectively depositing one or the other on a belt conveyor for proper mixing.这是又一个对象本发明提供一种铸造砂搅拌机中，任何一方硅砂或铸造型砂控制阀机制选择性交存一方或另一方的带式输送机适当混合。 These and other objects and advantages of the invention will more fully appear from the following description, made in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference characters refer to the same or similar parts throughout the several views, and in which:这些和其他物体和优势的发明将更加充分地显示了下列的描述，在与随同图纸，其中像参考是指相同或相似的零件整个若干意见，其中： Reference is now made to FIG.参考目前正在向国际体联合会。 1 wherein the foundry sand mixer 10 is disclosed.1 、其中铸造砂搅拌机10披露。 The mixer is secured to a base 11 that has a vertical axis about which a housing 12 pivots, housing 12 having a cantilever beam 13 extending radially therefrom.打蛋器的担保，以基地11个，如垂直轴哪些住房12枢轴，住房12有13悬臂梁径向由此扩大。 At the upstream end of the mechanism, a bracket 14 supports one end of an enclosed conveyor mechanism 15 and the other end of conveyor mechanism 15 is supported by a chute 16 that acts as a support bracket that is indirectly secured to beam 13.在上游结束机制，一个支架14支持的一端封闭的输送机制， 15日和另一端的输送机制， 15日得到了槽16 ，作为支持支架是间接担保，以束13 。 A belt conveyor 17 is disposed within the housing 15 and is supported for movement by a plurality of horizontal transversely oriented rollers 20.输送带17处置的住房15和支持的运动，横向多元化的横向导向辊20 。 A direct current drive motor 21 is connected to the downstream end roller to drive the belt conveyor mechanism 17.直流驱动马达21连接到下游结束辊驱动带式输送机机制17 。 Disposed above the enclosed conveyor 15 is a first feeder 22 which is elevated slightly above the conveyor enclosure 15.处置上述所附输送15日是第一个直属22这是高架略高于输送文15 。 Feeder 22 is in the nature of a container having sloping sides converging at the bottom with an auger-type conveyor 23 driven by a variable speed motor 24.直属22个是在性质上有一个货柜坡面汇流底部有螺旋式输送机23驱动的变速电机24 。 Feeder 22 has its sides extending upwardly at an angle of approximately 30 degrees with a vertical and it has been found that if the sides extend outwardly so that the angle with the vertical is approximately 45 degrees, flow of the green sand will be encumbered.直属22个有其两侧向上延伸的角度约30度垂直，它已经发现，如果双方延长表面的角度，这样的垂直约45度，流动的型砂将担保。 Feeder 22 has two openings in the bottom thereof, the first terminating in a sand weir 25 which is at the upstream location with respect to the longitudinal dimension of the feeder and is directly beneath a silica sand hopper 26.直属22日有两个开口的底部时，首先终止了沙堰25这是在上游的位置，对纵向层面的直属和直接下面硅砂料斗26 。 Disposed downstream from said weir 25 is a tubular member 27 that communicates between an opening 30 in the bottom of first feeder 22 and the top of the enclosed conveyor mechanism 15.处置下游堰25日说，是一个管状成员27日之间进行通讯的开放30在底部的22日和第一直属顶部的封闭输送机制15 。 Disposed across the opening 30 is a scarifier 31 in the nature of two right angle diametrically oriented rods that are used to break up any lumps that may still exist upon being conveyed to that opening by auger conveyor 23.处置30日在开幕式31日是划痕的性质截然两个直角型棒，用于打破任何肿块，可能还存在之时转达，开放的螺旋输送23 。 Silica sand hopper 26 is disclosed as being generally rectangular in shape having a common side 32 which acts as a separator with another hopper 33 that is used to contain green sand.硅砂26漏斗披露一般长方形有一个共同的方面32条，其中作为分离器与另一个漏斗33 ，用来包含型砂。 The sides of the hoppers slope downwardly in a converging manner and are terminated in a pair of chutes 34 and 35.双方的料斗斜坡向下汇流的方式，并终止了对瀑布34条和第35 。 A selective valve 36 is disposed across the openings of chutes 34 and 35 so that upon movement to the right (as seen in FIG. 1) sand will flow from hopper 26 through chute 34 into first feeder 22 but block flow of sand through chute 35 and upon movement to the left, valve means will permit flow of green sand from hopper 33 through chute 35 but block the movement of silica sand.换向阀36处置整个开口槽34和35 ，以便运动时的权利（可以看到图。 1 ）沙漏斗将产生26日通过溜槽第一直属34到22块，但流动的沙子通过溜槽35并根据运动的左边，阀门意味着将允许流动的绿色沙漏斗33 ，但通过溜槽35块的运动硅砂。 In other words, either silica sand or green sand is admitted during the two extreme movements and while the valve is in its center position, sand is restricted from movement into either chute 34 or 35.换言之，无论是硅砂或绿色砂承认在这两个极端的运动和而阀是在其中心位置，沙子是限制运动分为槽34或35 。 Selective valve 36 is controlled by an air cylinder 37 that has a piston rod 38 connected to valve 36 through a linkage 40.选择性控制阀36的汽缸37具有38活塞杆连接阀36通过一个联系40 。 A solenoid actuated valve 41 is connected to a source of pressurized air 42 through a pneumatic line 43.电磁驱动阀41连接到一个来源42加压空气通过气动线43 。 The source of air under pressure is generally 100 psi for good operating conditions.源的空气压力下通常是100磅的良好经营条件。 A pair of pneumatic lines 44 and 45 connect solenoid valve 41 with air cylinder 37 and the solenoid coils are controlled through an electrical circuit connected to the solenoid valve 41.一对气动线44和45连接电磁阀41汽缸37和螺线管线圈的控制电路，通过一个连接到电磁阀41 。 A 110 volt source is connected through a common lead 46 to solenoid valve 41 and one coil has its return current path through a conductor 47 and one terminal of a single pole double throw switch 50. 110伏源相连，通过一个共同导致46电磁阀41和一个线圈有其返回电流路径通过导体47和一个终端一个单刀双掷开关50 。 The switch blade is connected to the other terminal of the 110 volt source through a conductor 51.交换机刀片连接到其他终端的110伏源通过导体51 。 Another coil in the solenoid valve 41 is connected through the electrical circuit by a conductor 52 connected to another terminal of switch 50.另一个线圈中的电磁阀41通过连接电路的导线52连接到另一台终端的开关50 。 As disclosed in FIG.据透露图。 5, when the switch blade is connected with conductor 47, the silica sand or no-bake sand is permitted to pass through valve mechanism 36 and when the other portion of the solenoid valve is actuated through conductor 52, the green sand is permitted to pass through valve 36. 5 ，当交换机刀片是与导体47硅砂或“不硬”砂允许通过阀机制36和当其他部分启动电磁阀是通过导体52 ，绿色的沙子被允许通过阀36 。 A second feeder 53 is disposed above the conveyor enclosure 15 downstream from first feeder 22.第二个是处置直属53以上的输送文15下游第一直属22 。 Second feeder 53 has the same general shape and configuration as that of first feeder 22 and includes a conveyor auger 54 driven by a variable speed motor 55 through a pair of sprockets 56 and 57 and a chain 58.第二直属53具有相同的一般形状和配置的第一个直属22个，包括一个螺旋输送54驱动变速电机55通过对链轮56和57和连锁58 。 Second feeder 53 has an opening in its bottom near the downstream end of auger conveyor 54 which is coupled to the housing 15 through a tubular member 60.第二直属53个已经开放的底部靠近下游年底螺旋输送54人，加上15日的住房通过管状会员60 。 Disposed above the auger conveyor 54 is a stirrer 61 that is in the form of shaft extending parallel to the shaft of the auger conveyor 54 and having a plurality of branches or arms extending therefrom, which when the assembly is turned tends to break up any bridges or lumping of materials such as bentonite or sea coal.处置上述螺旋输送54是61的搅拌器的形式延长轴平行的轴螺旋输送了54和多元化的分支机构或武器由此延伸，这在大会开启往往要打破任何桥梁或结块的材料，如膨润土或海上煤炭。 A pair of sprockets and a chain drive stirrer 61 form the shaft of auger conveyor 54.一对链轮和链传动搅拌器61形成轴螺旋输送54 。 A third feeder 62 is disposed downstream from second feeder 53 and is generally identical for the most part to that of second feeder 53.第三个直属62处置下游第二直属53个，并大致相同，大部分是到第二个直属53 。 Feeder 62 also contains an augur-type conveyor 63 driven by variable speed motor 64 with a tubular section 65 connecting the opening in the bottom of the feeder through an opening in the top of conveyor housing 15.直属62还包含一个预兆型输送带63驱动的变速电机64与65连接管节开幕式在底部的直属通过一个开放的顶端输送住房15 。 Disposed at the bottom of the housing or compartment 12 is a pair of liquid containers 70 and 71 which may contain chemicals or may contain water, depending upon the type of additive to be made to the particular sand which is being mixed.处置底部的住房或舱室12是一种液体的容器对70和71可能含有的化学品或可能含有水，取决于类型的添加剂，以使特定的沙子正在混合。 Container 70 is connected to a pump 72 through a pipe 73 communicating with container 70 and an outlet line 74 is connected to pump 72.集装箱70连接一个泵72通过沟通管道73集装箱70和插座线74连接到泵72 。 In a similar manner, a pump 75 is connected to fluid in container 71 through a pipe 76 and the outlet of pump 75 is dispensed through a pipe or line 77.以同样的方式，泵75连接到流体的容器71通过一个管道76和出口泵75配药通过管道或线路77 。 A pair of variable speed motors 80 and 81 is respectively connected to pumps 72 and 75 to dispense the liquids contained in containers 70 and 71.一对变速汽车80和81分别连接到水泵72和75免除中所载的液体的容器70和71 。 The variable speed motors described are conventional variable speed direct current motors and are generally 3/4 HP in size.调速电机描述是常规变速直流电动机，一般3月4日惠普的规模。 Air cylinder 37 is approximately one and one-half inches in diameter and has a six inch stroke and is manufactured by Lynair under Model No. AB102-6 whereas the solenoid valve 14 is of the type manufactured by Novi, Model 25C4E.气缸37 ，大约有半英寸直径有6英寸的中风和生产的Lynair根据型号AB102 - 6 ，而14是电磁阀的生产的新类型，型号25C4E 。 A cylindrical mixer 90 is secured to beam 13 by suitable means and has a plurality of paddles 91 carried by a shaft 92 that does the actual mixing.圆柱形混合器90担保，以束13合适的途径，并有91多种桨轴进行了92 ，它的实际搅拌。 Shaft 92 is connected to a constant speed motor 93 by suitable means such as a coupling or clutch.轴92连接到恒速电机93的合适的途径，如联轴器或离合器。 Chute 16 receives materials from conveyor 17 through an opening formed in the downstream end beyond the end of conveyor 17.滑道16收到材料17日从传送带通过开放中形成的下游年底结束后输送17 。 The lower end of chute 16 opens into a segment of mixer 90 at the upstream side thereof.低端打开降落伞16到90个部分的混砂机在上游侧不足。 Fluid-carrying pipes 74 and 77 are also connected to mixer 90 near the downstream side of the mixer.流体进行管74和77也连接到混砂机90附近的下游一侧的混砂机。 In FIG.2, the mixer motor drive circuit is disclosed in which a three phase 220 volt power line applies power through lines L1, L2 and L3 to mixer motor 93 through three relay contacts, all designated mixer starter contacts M1.搅拌机电机驱动电路中披露了三相220伏电力线适用于电力通过线L1 ， L2和L3至93混砂机电动机通过三个继电器接触，所有指定的混砂机入门接触货币供应量M1 。 The 220 volt line is connected to a transformer TR1 where a voltage reduction takes place in the secondary and 110 volt single phase alternating current is obtained and is applied to one line as a common or neutral line 100. 220伏线路连接到变压器TR1凡电压减少发生在中学和110伏单相交流电，获得和运用一行作为共同或中性线100 。 A mixer motor relay M1 has its coil connected between line 100 and another line 101 connected to the secondary of transformer TR1 through a normally closed Mixer Stop pushbutton switch 102 and a normally open Mixer Start switch 103.搅拌机电机继电器货币供应量M1有其线圈之间的连接线100和另一行101连接到中学变压器TR1通过通常关闭搅拌机停止按钮开关102和一个常开搅拌机启动开关103 。 In parallel with switch 103 is another pair of normally open relay contacts M1.并行开关103是另一对常开继电器接触货币供应量M1 。 Electrical line 101 is extended in a parallel path through another set of relay contacts M1 which are closed upon depressing start switch 103 and upon depressing another normally open pushbutton switch 104 current is applied to a pump motor start relay CR1 that is also connected to neutral line 100.电气线路101延长平行路径通过另一套继电器接触货币供应量M1是封闭开关启动后，沮丧时沮丧103和另一个常开按钮开关104当前应用到水泵电机启动继电器红细胞CR1也是连接到中性线100 。 Upon pulling the switch button for switch 104, the circuit is opened.经拉开关按钮开关104 ，电路被打开。 In parallel with switch 104 and control relay CR1 is another normally open double pole pushbutton switch identified as a SAND AND PUMP SWITCH 105, and upon closing connects another control relay CR2 with neutral line 100.并行开关104和控制继电器红细胞CR1是另一个常开按钮开关双极确定为沙子和水泵开关105 ，和交易完成后，连接另一控制继电器枚CR2与中性线100 。 Another control relay CR3 is connected in parallel with control relay CR2 through the second set of contacts in switch 105.另一个控制继电器铬是并联与控制继电器枚CR2通过第二套接触开关105。Control relay CR2 is used to energize all of the pump circuits and control relay CR3 is used to energize all of the feeders that are used to supply additives by the feeders.控制继电器枚CR2是用来激励所有泵电路和控制继电器铬是用来激励所有馈线，用于供应添加剂的饲养。 At the bottom of the circuit is shown the sand selector switch 50 that is connected to the solenoid coil of solenoid valve 41, causing the valve to be actuated and apply fluid under pressure to the cylinder to cause the movement of valve 36.底部的电路表现出砂选择开关50连接到电磁线圈的电磁阀41 ，使阀的驱动和应用流体的压力下造成的缸的流动阀36 。 Turning now to FIGS.现在谈到图3A and 3B, the electrical schematic of the variable speed drive motors will now be described.3A和3B款，电气原理图的变速电机驱动器现在将描述。 Alternating current of 230 volts single phase is applied through a switch 106 to each of the different mechanisms that may be in addition to the belt conveyor, feeders or pumps.交流电的230伏单相适用于通过一个开关106每个不同的机制，可能是除了带式输送机，馈线或泵。 A discussion of a portion of the circuit will be germain to the remainder where the various circuits and variable speed drive mechanisms are substantially identical to each other.讨论了部分电路将哲曼其余的各种集成电路和变速驱动机制基本上是相同的。 Power is applied to channel 1 and the circuit in association with motor 21.电源适用于通道1和电路与电机21 。 The variable speed drive has a feed back circuit which works through a toothed wheel 107 that is sensed by a magnetic sensor 108 and the signal supplied to the circuit board 110.变速驱动器的反馈电路，工程通过齿车轮107感觉到这是一个磁性传感器108和信号提供给电路板110 。 Circuit board 110 also has the field connections for the motor connected thereto as well as the armature connections through appropriate relay contacts identified as the relays shown in FIG.电路板110也有外地连接马达连接情况，以及通过适当的电枢连接继电器接触确定为继电器显示图。2. 2 。 Circuit board 110 is further identified as a TF131D and is a tachometer follower speed control identified with that part number and available from Detection Sciences, Inc. of 2165 Cheshire Lane North, Minneapolis, Minn. The tachometer follower motor speed control is a digital closed loop operation in which the speed command is obtained in the form of a pulse train generated by a frequency control signal that enters the circuit on terminal number 9.电路板110个，进一步确定为TF131D ，是转速表跟随速度控制的那部分确定数量和检测提供科学公司2165年柴郡巷北，明尼阿波利斯，明尼苏达州的测速电机调速控制从动是一个数字闭环行动中，命令的速度，得到的形式，所产生的脉冲频率控制信号的电路进入终端数量9 。 Feedback of the follower motor speed is obtained from magnetic pickup 108 which senses the speed of the motor to be compared and if the pulse train rates differ from a set ratio, then an error signal is generated and voltage to the motor armature is changed to increase or decrease the motor speed.反馈的追随者电动机调速得到磁皮卡108其中感官的速度运动，以进行比较，如果脉冲率不同于一套比率，然后一个错误的信号产生及电压电动机电枢改为增加或减少马达的速度。
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