代词itonethat用法[共4页]

1、代词one,it,that 的用法区别1.one, it, that常常用来代替或避免重复某个名词。例如：Im looking for a flat. Id really like one with a garden.-Where did you find your watch? - I find it in our classroom.The population of China is larger than that of any other country.2.one可指人或物，只替代单数可数名词，复数用 ones. One是泛指，但有限定修饰语，如 the, this, that 修

2、饰就变成了特指。如：One must do ones duty. Mary has a red pencil and Jane has a blue one.The new designs are much better than the old ones.3.that 只指物，不指人，可替代可数名词或不可数名词，具有“特指”性质。指的是同类事物中的另一样东西，即同类异物。如： The library of our school is bigger than that of yours.(that 代替的是另一个图书馆。 )4One 和 that 在代替可数名词时， 如果没有前置定语只有后置定

3、语时， the one和 that 可互换。但该名词如有前置定语，则只能用 the one,而不能用 that。例如： I will take the seat next to the one(=that)by the window.我就坐窗口的那个座位旁边。I prefer the large box to the small one.(one不可用 that 替换)。5That 的复数形式 those 代替可数名词的复数。可指人或物，一般后面跟修饰语。如：Todays cellphones are smaller than those(=the ones)used in the past.

4、The students who do best in exam are not always those(=the ones) with the bestbrains.6.the one(ones)或 that ,those 指代某一名词做定语从句的先行词时，其关系代词 which 在 that 之后，which 不能省略， 而在 the one、ones 之后 ,which 可省略。 如：Their problem today is somewhat similar to that which they faced many years ago.7.代替不可数名词时，应该用 that。如：

5、 The equipment is different from that.8.it 代替上文所提到的名词时， 是指同类事物中的同一样东西， 即同类事物。 如：I have lost my pen. Im looking for it.9.it 和 that 可代替前面整个句子的意思，而 one 却不能； that 可引导一个限定性定语从句，代替某个先行词（单复数名词均可） ，it 和 one则不能； it 可代替不定 式、动名词或从句，用作形式主语或形式宾语，也可用于强调句型中，而 one和that则不能。如：-I will make bed for you. It is very kind

6、 of you.Jim said he had read my novel.But that was not possible.A clock is an instrument that tells time.The students that surf the Internet will be punished by the teacher.It is nice to see you again.It is no use calling her up.I found it impossible for me to pass the test.It was I who broke your w

7、indow.(巩固练习)1-You are learning typing.The computer is very useful.-I hope to have a computer,but I cant afford to buy _.A.one B.it C.that D.this2.This computer is so expensive that I cannot afford to buy_ .Can you bring theprice down a little.A.one B.that C.it D.this3.-Id like a book on English read

8、ing.-Is the book_you are looking for?A.one B.that C.the one D.which4.-His car runs much faster than my car.-That is because the engine in his car works far better than_ .A.your one B.yours C.that of yours D.your cars5.My shoes are the same as_you had on the day before yesterday.A.one B.ones C.that D

9、.the ones6 .I was disappointed with the film, I had expected_to be much better.A.that B.this C.one D.it7.Mr Li gave the textbooks to all the pupils except_who had already taken them.A.these B.ones C.the ones D.the others8.I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have _ .A.it B.those C.them

10、D.one 9I hate_when people talk with their mouths full.A. it B.that C.these D.them10.-Why dont we take a little break?-Didnt we just have _?A.it B.that C.one D.this参考答案：1-5ACCCD 6-10DCDACone,that,it,the one用法解析1. itone that 三者均可用作代词 , 指代前面提到的名词。一般说来 , it 指代同名同物; one与 that则指代同名异物。I have lost my umbrel

11、la; Im looking for it. （该句中 it 就是指前面的 my umbrella）I have lost my umbrella; I think I must buy one. （one在该句中表泛指 , 因为 myumbrella 已经丢了）The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I bought.（替代词 that 在该句中特指“the umbrella I bought”, 以区别“the umbrella you bought”）2. one与 that 虽可用来指代同名异物 , 但 one 为泛指, 相当于 aan

12、名词; that为特指, 相当于 the 名词。所以 one 所指代的名词的修饰语一般为 aan some any; that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是 the this that。A chair made of steel is stronger than one made of wood(该句中 one可以换成 achair）The water in the cup is hotter than that in the pot（. 该句中 that可以换成 the water）3. one只能代替可数名词单数 , 代替可数名词复数时用 ones; that既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数

13、名词单数 , 代替可数名词复数时用 those。I like this pen more than that one.（one代替可数名词单数 pen）There were a few young people and some older ones in the hous（e.ones代替可数名词复数 people）Marys handwriting is far better than that of Peter. （that 代替不 可数名词handwriting）These pictures are more beautiful than those（. those代替可数名词复数 p

14、ictures）4. one既可代替事物 , 也可代替人 , that 只能代替事物而不能代替人。有时可以用the one或 the ones代替 that或 those。The one /That on the table is mine（. 该句中 The one代替事物,并且也可以用 That）He is the teacher, the one who is loved by the students（. 该句中 the one代替人, 不能用 that）He advised the farmers to choose the best seed-heads, the onesthos

15、e that had thebest color. （该句中 the ones代替事物, 并且也可以用 those）5. one一般有前置修饰语 , 有时也可有后置修饰语或不用修饰语。而 that 不能有前置修饰语 , 但可有后置修饰语。Cook was a strict but good captain, one who took good care of his sailors.The water in the well is cleaner than that in the river.6. it 可以替代句中的不定式或从句等 , 充当形式主语或形式宾语。 one与 that 均无此用法

16、。It is known to everybody that the moon travels around the earth once every month.I found it hard to get on with her.7. it 与 that 均可以替代上文全句的内容或部分内容 , 而one ones则不可以。He has saved my life; Ill never forget it. （it 代替第一分句）Tom is painting his house. I am told he does it every four years（. it 代替前面分句的部分内容

17、painting his house）Lets say we meet here at three oclock. That ought to give you time to buy everything.（That代替前面表述的内容）相关练习1. Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _ who had already takenthem. A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others2. I find _ easy enough to get on with Pam. A. that B. this C. one D. it3. If I can stop her coming to you, I shall do_. A. those B. which C. these D. it4. I havent a pen. Can you lend me_? A. these B. those C. them D. one5. _ is necessary that I get the text of my revision typed.A. There B. This C. That