Day7阅读理解(7)(说明文)

1、Day 7 阅读理解 (7)( 说明文 )Passage 1文体：说明文词数： 403限时： 8 分钟Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed ona treadmill machi

2、ne(跑步机 ). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Othertimes they ran barefoot(赤脚 ).Researchers from the JKM Technologies Company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle j

3、oints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels. The study appeared in the official scientific journal of The American Academy of Physical Medicine.The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runne

4、rs in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.They divided the runners into three groups. One group had alwaysrun shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third gro

5、up had changed to shoeless running.Runners who wear shoes usually come down their heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their h

6、eel.Harvard Daniels Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heel. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has

7、thick material under it to soften landings.But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured.The study was partly supported by Vibram, which

8、makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard Website.1.What s the main idea of t

9、he passage?A.Walking in high heels could cause less serious effects than running barefootB.Two new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels.C.Running in shoes is partly good to runners.D.Two new studies prove running without shoes is less risky to runners in most cases.2.Which part of our b

10、ody could be injured if we run in running shoes?A.Toes.B.Hips.C.Feet.D.Legs.3.What can we learn from the passage?A.The way that we run by landing on the front or middle of our foot could avoid damaging our heel.B.We should start running barefoot in no time.C.Running in modern running shoes could cau

11、se more serious effects than running in high heels.D.We won t be injured if we run barefoot.4.What is the writerattitudes toward the use of the modern runningshoes?A.Persuasive.B.Negative.C.Objective.D.Supportive.Passage 2文体：说明文词数： 335限时： 7 分钟If you see a group of people dancing and singing on the s

12、treet or inthe railway station, you donneedt to feel surprised. They are a flash mob(快闪族 ), which is a group of people who come together suddenly in a public place, do something unusual for a brief period of time, and then quickly break up. They are usually organized with the help of the Internet or

13、 other digital communication network. At a predetermined time, theygather and perform some distractions(消遣) such as waving their hands and exchanging books. Then, they quickly break up before the police can arrive. Using mobile phones, the flash mob can change its location if the first one has been

14、replaced for any reason.Bill Lasik, senior editor of Harper Magazine,s organized the first flash mob in Manhattan in May, 2003 and the first successful flash mob came together on June 3, 2003after the first attempt was foiled atMacy s department store. Lasik claimed that the activity was designed to

15、make fun of hipsters(赶时髦的人 ), and call attention to the cultural atmosphere.Flash mob gatherings can sometimes shock people. Such an activity might seem amusing and untrue, but it also might frighten people who are not aware of what is taking place. Undoubtedly, flash mobs can serve as good politica

16、l tools in any direction. They also have great economic potential, such as using flash mobs to advertise a product.The flash mob is now becoming more and more popular. People useit to do many things. For example, in 2009, Michael Jacksons fans tookpart in a flash mob to remember him. Hundreds of his

17、 fans gathered singing and dancing Michael famous song “ BeatIt ”together. Flash mobs give people from all walks of life an opportunity to come together to create a memory.1.The underlined word“ foiled” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by_.A.forgottenB.preventedC.announcedD.confirmed2.What can you lea

18、rn about the flash mob from the passage?A.The flash mob usually breaks up quickly for lacking enough time.B.Once the place for the activity is determined, it can t be changeC.The flash mob can be made use of in many fields just for fun.D.It gives people the chance to come together to do something un

19、usual.3.The main purpose of the passage is_.A.to entertainB.to encourageC.to informD.to persuade4.The writer s attitude toward the flash mob is_.A.negativeB.objectiveC.favorableD.doubtfulPassage 3文体：说明文词数： 366 限时： 7 分钟Ever get that feeling you rebeing watched?Well, if you rea dog-owner, you may have

20、 a point. Dogs are able to watch people s interactions with one another to determine who holds yummier treats, according to a new study. This study joins others that show dogs are good observers of human behaviors and feelings. It offers evidence that dogsuse information not only from people s direc

21、t interactions with them, butalso their interactions with one another.In the study, dogs watched a man asking two women for some of their corns. Both women gave the man corns when he asked, but in response to one woman, the man showed his enthusiasm and said the corns were so delicious. In response

22、to the other woman, he gave thecorns back and called them gross(in Spanish；the study was conducted in Argentina). After these interactions, the man left and an assistant holdingthe dog let the dog go. While many dogs didn t approach either woman,the dogs that did have a preference tended to prefer t

23、he woman with the yummier food.Other studies of dogs -watchingpeople ability have found dogs are able to tell the difference between happy and sad faces of their owners. They prefer people who give others food when asked to people who don give others food. And in one study, dogs turned toward crying

24、 people more often than toward talking people.So how much do dogs reallyunderstand the humans aroundthem?That nots totally settled yet. In a strange twist, to the Argentine study above, when the researchers tried an experiment in which they put two plates of corns on a table and had a man react to e

25、ach plate, dogsdidn preferentially approach the tastier plate afterward. You could say dogs watch for the interaction between two persons, not just how a person reacts. Yet a previous study found dogs will choose boxes that people reacted to happily, but not boxes people reacted to with a disgusted

26、face.Well, either way, you can be sure Fluffs is keeping an eye on you, to the best of her ability. The study was published in the journal PLOS One. 1.What does the main study in this passage show? A.Dogs prefer yummier foods.B.Dogs can read human actions and feelings.C.Dogs can interact with humans

27、 easily.D.Dogs like to copy human s behavior.2.What does the underline word“gross ” probably mean?A.Healthy.B.Disgusting.C.Yummy.D.Hot.3.Which is one of the procedures of the Argentine study? A.The man had different reactions to the food received. B.one of the women didn ivethegfood to the man. C.Th

28、e assistant accompanied the dogs to get the food. D.Many dogs went to one of the women.4.What can be concluded from Paragraph 4?A.Interactions between two persons confuse dogs.B.Dogs never understand the reaction of one person.C.The findings of some studies are controversial.D.Dogs have good interac

29、tions with one another.答案及解析Passage 1【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，穿着跑鞋跑步其实对身体并不好， 赤脚跑步反而可以在一定程度上避免奔跑带来的损伤。1.D 【解析】主旨大意题。第一段Two new studies suggest that modernrunning shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners点.出了文章的主题：穿跑鞋跑步会增加受伤的风险。在下文的试验中多次提到赤脚跑步的损伤较小。由此可推断本文的主旨大意是赤脚跑步对运动员来说风险较小。故选D 项。2.B 【解析】

30、细节理解题。根据第四段第一句They found that runningshoes create more stress that could damage knees，hips and ankle jointsthan running barefoot.可知，应选 B 项。3.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第八段第三至四句 But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot.That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.可知，赤脚跑步是前脚掌先落地， 这样可以避免给脚后跟造成更多的压力。故 A 项正确。4.C【解析】推理判断题。通篇文章作者都在引用研究结果和专家意见，故只是在客观陈述事实，而没有发表个人意见。故选C 项。Passage 2【语篇导读】本文