QY40型液压汽车起重机设计【说明书+CAD】
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QY40型液压汽车起重机设计【说明书+CAD】,QY40,液压,汽车起重机,设计,说明书,CAD
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液压控制系统的设计 作为现代机械设备实现传动与控制的重要技术手段，液压技术在国民经济各领域得到了广泛的应用。与其他传动控制技术相比，液压技术具有能量密度高配置灵活方便调速范围大工作平稳且快速性好易于控制并过载保护易于实现自动化和机电液一体化整合系统设计制造和使用维护方便等多种显著的技术优势，因而使其成为现代机械工程的基本技术构成和现代控制工程的基本技术要素。 液压凿岩机是矿上机械的一种，作为开采矿山的主要设备，适用于各类矿石的开采。本文根据液压凿岩机的用途特点和要求，利用液压传动的基本原理，拟定出合理的液压系统图，再经过必要的计算来确定液压系统的参数，然后按照这些参数来选用液压元件的规格和进行系统的结构设计。液压凿岩机的液压系统呈长方形布置，外形新颖美观，动力系统采用液压系统，结构简单、紧凑、动作灵敏可靠。该机并设有脚踏开关，可实现半自动工艺动作的循环。液压传动和气压传动称为流体传动，是根据17世纪帕斯卡提出的液体静压力传动原理而发展起来的一门新兴技术，是工农业生产中广为应用的一门技术。如今，流体传动技术水平的高低已成为一个国家工业发展水平的重要标志。第一个使用液压原理的是1795年英国约瑟夫布拉曼(JosephBram,以水压机的形式将其应用于工业上,诞生了世界上第一台水压机。1905年他又将工作介质水改为油,进一步得到改善。我国的液压工业开始于20世纪50年代，液压元件最初应用于机床和锻压设备。60年代获得较大发展，已渗透到各个工业部门，在机床、工程机械、冶金、农业机械、汽车、船舶、航空、石油以及军工等工业中都得到了普遍的应用。当前液压技术正向高压、高速、大功率、高效率、低噪声、低能耗、长寿命、高度集成化等方向发展。同时，新元件的应用、系统计算机辅助设计、计算机仿真和优化、微机控制等工作，也取得了显著成果。目前，我国的液压件已从低压到高压形成系列，并生产出许多新型元件，如插装式锥阀、电液比例阀、电液伺服阀、电业数字控制阀等。我国机械工业在认真消化、推广国外引进的先进液压技术的同时，大力研制、开发国产液压件新产品，加强产品质量可靠性和新技术应用的研究，积极采用国际标准，合理调整产品结构，对一些性能差而且不符合国家标准的液压件产品，采用逐步淘汰的措施。由此可见，随着科学技术的迅速发展，液压技术将获得进一步发展，在各种机械设备上的应用将更加广泛。本机器适用于各种各样矿山的开采等，本机器具有独立的动力机构和电气系统。采用按钮集中控制，可实现调整、手动及半自动三种操作方式。 19世纪问世以来发展很快，液压机在工作中的广泛适应性，使其在国民经济各部门获得了广泛的应用。由于液压机的液压系统和整机结构方面，已经比较成熟，目前国内外液压机的发展不仅体现在控制系统方面，也主要表现在高速化、高效化、低能耗；机电液一体化，以充分合理利用机械和电子的先进技术促进整个液压系统的完善；自动化、智能化，实现对系统的自动诊断和调整，具有故障预处理功能；液压元件集成化、标准化，以有效防止泄露和污染等四个方面。作为液压机两大组成部分的主机和液压系统，由于技术发展趋于成熟，国无较大差距，主要差别在于加工工艺和安装方面。良好的工艺使机器在过滤、冷却及防止冲击和振动方面，有较明显改善。在油路结构设计方面，国内外液压机都趋向于集成化、封闭式设计，插装阀、叠加阀和复合化元件及系统在液压系统中得到较广泛的应用。特别是集成块可以进行专业化的生产，其质量好、性能可靠而且设计的周期也比较短。近年来在集成块基础上发展起来的新型液压元件组成的回路也有其独特的优点，不需要另外的连接件其结构更为紧凑，体积也相对更小，重量也更轻无需管件连接，从而消除了因油管、接头引起的泄漏、振动和噪声。逻辑插装阀具有体积小、重量轻、密封性能好、功率损失小、动作速度快、易于集成的从70年代初期开始出现，至今已得到了很快的发展。我国从液压机具有点动、手动和半自动等工作方式，操作方便；The design of hydraulic control system Beijing Institute of Aviation Technology Liu xin Ya introduced a concurrent engineering, agile manufacturing and sophisticated production, and other advanced manufacturing technology and the characteristics of the development of machine tools in the portfolio of applications, how to deepen and extend the application of specific measures.In the machine tool industry, with the social demands of the continuous improvement of products, along with the growing competition in the market to meet user requirements, including the improvement of product quality, shorten production cycles, reduce costs, improve service and win market has become a breakthrough. In order to achieve this goal and win market, it should be the introduction of modern and advanced manufacturing technology: concurrent engineering, agile manufacturing and sophisticated production, in order to promote the development of combination machine.Concurrent Engineering is also known as concurrent engineering, integrated, parallel to optimize product design and its related processes (including manufacturing and support) system approach, which guide the product development staff began to consider a product from concept to design to the demise of throughout the life cycle of all the factors, including quality, cost, programming and user needs.Concurrent Engineering is the first to shorten product development cycles as a means to develop. Products will be characterized by the development, production engineering involved in the acts broken down into a series of tasks, such as market analysis, design, process design, production plans and equipment purchases, processing, quality assurance, testing and after sales service. These sub-tasks as far as possible and consider synchronous parallel to achieve improved design to shorten the cycle and improve quality, reduce costs, optimize the design purpose. It stressed that integrated, coordinated and parallel, namely: (1) management, design, production, and service of all project-related personnel and product information integration as a whole, and stressed that all relevant departments and the interests of the overall goal line (2) to the establishment of a competent and reasonable charge of the project personnel structure of the working group coordinated management model, by the Working Group in the ministries responsible for project elements, and the promotion of the coordination of tasks, (3) parallel processing stages of the work. According to the project in the different tasks of the linkages between the different ministries mandate of the elements of the work process can be completely overlap or duplication. In accordance with these principles, formulate a reasonable, and optimize the work plan, and the location in which the necessary settings assessment, the Working Group by the project implementation so that all sub-tasks in parallel, to move forward in an orderly manner, so as to ensure the smooth implementation of the whole project .According to the traditional methods of work, the work of the various stages in a row serial. In such a product development approach, divorced from each other at various stages, are not related, resulting in increased design error, and difficult to discover such a design rework, to lengthen the development cycle, adding to the costs.Parallel working methods used, the process will be integrated with parallel consideration, the work can be carried out duplication. Problems can be promptly coordinate the changes so that the follow-up stage left to increase the difficulty of correction And costs. Thus, the application of concurrent engineering can significantly shorten the product development cycle, reduce costs, it is suitable for the development of professional portfolio machine.Concurrent engineering methods will be applied to product development, the effect was very significant. March 1997, Beijing Institute of Aviation Technology with a motorcycle design and manufacturing plants to sign the 6-crank machine project contract for delivery end of the year, and the requirements of machine tools in the past quite different. In the project using a concurrent engineering approach, in parallel, cross-operation , greatly reducing the design, manufacture period, the successful completion of the tasks.Parallel development of the combination of machine specific methods are:(1) the establishment of a multi-composed of professionals to develop working groups. By the Working Group of the specific part of the implementation of the project, members of the Working Group in collaboration division of duties, timely and coordinated in order to achieve optimization of the design. Such as a machine tool demand in the clamping fixture parts to the process of floating, if separate consideration from the mechanical structure to meet this requirement more difficult, complex structure of the fixture. Later, with the hydraulic design of electrical control and coordinate, control procedures proposed amendments to change the order clamping action, adjusting the hydraulic pressure of solutions to meet the requirements of the clamping.(2) in the formulation of programmes, the signing of the contract stage, on the preliminary identified a number of standard components.(3) Multiple Multi-accreditation programme. Machine Tool Technology in determining the overall programme, key components in the overall design process, many times by the Solidworks committee to review the design plan, and put into production before the user in the design plan joint trials. Thus, from the design to take into account the beginning of a process design, tooling design, manufacturing, assembly and other downstream various stages of debugging problems that may arise, thus greatly reducing the number of design changes Rated meet user requirements, to achieve design best.(4) a design pre-release method. Machine overall plans in a formal drawing ago, has been released in stages set by the main structure and the major components of data, process design, tooling design can be carried out ahead of schedule. In the design of the machine tool to determine some components such as fixtures, tools such as the coordination of size, and at the same time began to design and tool fixture, and, also identified slider, mobile workstations and other components, these components have the choice as far as possible Standard components, in the design of its operation will be completed. And the overall design of the various components such as fixtures, and timely coordination between the tool, linked to changes in the size of each other timely coordination so that the size of other relevant drawings are promptly corrected.(5) components in the design of the processing cycle can be long specific parts such as folders, such as casting stereotypes as soon as possible to advancing the process design, production.(6) completion of the various components of a design, process design and ready to enter the production stage. Therefore, the various components of the parts is in the workshop, parallel processing.Adopt this approach, the Working Group 4 were used only four weeks time on the part of generic components such as the slider, mobile platforms and power first went into operation at the same time, the completion of the mechanical design of the machine and outsourcing of orders. Machine tool production process, the various components in the Beijing Institute of Aviation Technology Association, and several manufacturers at the same time. In the machine, installation and debugging, but also several machine at the same time, through these work, and machine tools for the timely delivery of valuable time.Agile manufacturing in the United States of the Caspian Sea, the 21st century manufacturing strategy in the report of a new manufacturing paradigm. After development, the United States lacocca Institute will be defined as: a company that is agile in the market for the unpredictable changes in the competitive environment in the development and prosperity of a capability, that is rapidly changing global market a rapid response capability, with the company computer network and the global production system, the market, competitors to link up in the high-quality, high-performance, low-cost, customer product configuration settings, such as user demand-driven market situation demonstrated a capability. Characterized by the flexible production technology, flexible organization management and professional skills of the staff have integrated into a coordinated, interconnected systems, in order to achieve the strategic goal of reunification, the same industry in different enterprises through joint infrastructure links, past life-and-death competition will become friendly and cooperative competition, thereby changing market faster response. Therefore, this technology is suitable for the development of professional portfolio machine.(1) promote the Agile first modular products, reflected in the composition of the machine is in the machine tool components and the standardization of serialization. Crankshaft Machine Tool in the development and design, can greatly shorten the design cycle, the application of concurrent engineering is a factor, large number of standard components, the application of common components is a key element.(2) In the Agile Manufacturing, must reflect the people and organizations is the most valuable asset. In the production of large quantities, people are always Solidworks solution as manufacture and sale of the crux of the problem, and in Agile Manufacturing, the best use of people is the key to solve the problem, technology is only a method or means. Therefore, the need for the Project Working Group organizational model advocated hard working, give full play to their initiative.Sophisticated production is the United States in the 1990s, Japans Toyota Motor Corporation summed up production management methods on the basis of summing up by the production. It stressed that by improving the production of enterprises in the management of the activities, including the efficiency of various activities and cost accounting, to achieve the fastest speed of response to the market, the lowest cost of production, the optimal product design to design and Manufacturing of products needed by the market. Its features are user-God, a people-centred, as a means to streamline, to zero defect goal.Can be seen from the above analysis, and advanced manufacturing technology in the Beijing Institute of Aviation Technology Portfolio machine has been developed in a number of applications, but still need to further deepen and extend the application. In later work, Should pay attention to the following aspects:(1) Working Group on the further implementation of the project model, a responsibility to the people, by the use of concurrent engineering group responsible for the completion of the way from the machine tool technology programme to design, manufacture, testing and delivery of the work of the staff at the same time strengthen the knowledge and skills training, keep track machine tool industry at home and abroad combination of the latest developments.(2) market changes and the development of pre-study plan at the same time maintain close ties with users, users who regularly visit provides its users with quality after-sales service, and equipment operation and understanding of user needs, in order to improve the design.(3) high-quality products to win customers. Machine Tool in the development portfolio, in addition to enhancing the sense of quality, the new technology, the application of new technology in the market is also an important means. Now users generally require machine efficiency, flexibility, and adapt to small quantities and variety of processing. Portfolio Tool to enhance the efficiency of production and increase in the design should be cutting speed, the use of advanced tools, centralized processing consi
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