2021_2022版高中英语Module5TheGreatSportsPersonalityGrammar学案外研版必修5202103061187

1、Module 5The Great Sports PersonalityGrammar语法精讲探究学习复习时间、条件、让步状语从句读下面的句子, 判断出画线部分作的是什么状语从句1. If you go into a school or university anywhere, the chances are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo. (条件状语从句)2. Whenever Chinese athletes step out onto the track during the 2008

2、 Olympics, they will be wearing Li Ning tracksuits. (时间状语从句)3. Even though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed. (让步状语从句)4. But Li Nings goal when he retired was not to make money. (时间状语从句)状语从句指在复合句中用作状语, 起副词作用的句子。根据其作用可分为时间、条

3、件、让步等状语从句。一、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有when, while, as, after, before, since, until, till, as soon as, once, the moment, the minute, immediately, every time, the next time等。1. when 引导的时间状语从句。(1)when引导时间状语从句时, 表示“当的时候”, 从句中谓语既可用延续性动词也可用非延续性动词。(2)when还用于hardly. . . when. . . (一就)中, 这时, when从句中常用一般过去时, 主句用过去完成时

4、。当hardly位于句首时, 主句用部分倒装, 通常把助动词had放在主语的前面。*(2019全国卷)When I was in the fifth grade, I wanted to be a teacher. 当我读五年级时, 我就想当一名老师。*Hardly had we set off when it began to rain. 我们刚刚出发, 这时天开始下雨了。2. while引导时间状语从句时, 表示“当的时候”, 从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。*Study while you study; play while you play. 该学习的时候就学习, 该玩的时候就玩。3

5、. as引导时间状语从句时, 表示“当时, 一边一边”, 侧重表示主句中的动作和从句中的动作同时发生, 或者一种动作随着另一种动作的变化而变化。*He jumps as he goes along. 他边走边跳。*As he grew old, he went deaf. 随着年龄的增长, 他变聋了。4. since引导时间状语从句时, 表示“自从”, 一般情况下, 从句的谓语动词用一般过去时, 而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。*(2019全国卷)Since I was a kid, Ive considered different jobs I would like to do. 从我还是个孩

6、子的时候, 我就已经考虑我想做的不同的工作。*Its six months since we last met each other. 自从我们上次见面(到现在)已有六个月了。It is/has been +时间段+since+从句(did)自从以来已经多久了。此句型中主句谓语动词用一般现在时和现在完成时区别不大。5. before和after引导的时间状语从句。before引导时间状语从句时, 表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前; after引导时间状语从句时, 表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。*(2019江苏高考)A few months after he had arrived in C

7、hina, Mr Smith fell in love with the people and culture there. 来中国几个月后, 史密斯先生爱上了那里的人们和文化。*It was some time before we realized the truth. 过了一段时间我们才意识到真相。before常用于“It be+表示一段时间的词语+before引导的时间状语从句”中, 表示“才, 就”。it+ was+时间段+before从句(一般过去时); it + will be + before从句(一般现在时)。6. till和 until引导的时间状语从句。(1)till和 u

8、ntil这两个词作连词和介词时的意义和用法相同, 一般可以互换。放在句首时通常用until的形式, till在口语中更为常见。(2)till和 until引导时间状语从句时, 若主句是肯定形式, 这时主句的谓语是延续性动词, 表示“到为止”; 若主句是否定形式, 主句的谓语是短暂性动词, 表示“直到才”。*Walk till/until you come to a white house. 一直走到一座白房子为止。*We didnt discuss the problem until he came back. 我们一直等到他回来后才讨论这个问题。“直到”有区别till和until都表示“直到

9、为止”, 一般情况下两者通用, 但以下情况用until不用till: (1)until可用于句首, 而till通常不用于句首。(2)Not until. . . 在句首时或not until用于强调句中时不用till替换until。*Until I finished my homework, mother didnt let me out. 直到我做完家庭作业妈妈才准我出去。*Not until the war was over was Einstein able to return to his homeland. =It was not until the war was over tha

10、t Einstein was able to return to his homeland. 直到战争结束后爱因斯坦才得以回国。7. immediately, instantly, the instant, the moment/minute等引导时间状语从句时, 相当于as soon as, 表示“一就”, 指从句的动作一发生, 主句的动作随即发生。*Immediately/The moment/As soon as I saw her, I knew there was something wrong. 我一看到她, 就知道出事了。8. the first/last/next time(第

11、一/上/下次), every time(每次)等名词短语作连词, 引导时间状语从句。*(2019北京高考)So the next time you ride with him, hell check on those things. 所以下次和你一起乘车的时候, 他会核实那些事情。9. once引导的时间状语从句。once表示“一旦; 一就”, 相当于as soon as, when。*It wont be difficult once you have got used to it. 你一旦习惯了就不难了。*Once it is in danger of losing its life, i

12、t will always attempt to escape. 一旦到了危及生命的时刻, 它总能设法逃脱。【知识延伸】(1)when还可作并列连词, 意为“那时, 这时”, 常用于be about to do. . . when. . . ; be doing. . . when; had just done. . . when. . . ; be on the point of doing. . . when. . . 等结构中。*We were about to leave when he came in. =We were on the point of leaving when he

13、 came in. 我们就要离开, 就在那时他进来了。(2)while还可表示“尽管”, 引导让步状语从句; 也可作并列连词, 意为“而, 却”, 表示对比。*(2019全国卷)The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. 教练能够专注于孩子, 而其他父母则松了口气, 可以在下一个赛季摆脱困境。(3)hardly(scarcely, rarely). . . when / before, no sooner. .

14、 . than相当于as soon as之意。主句用过去完成时, 从句用一般过去时。当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时, 主句应用倒装语序。例如: *He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. =No sooner had he arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 他刚到家, 就被邀请开始另一旅程。(1)(2019浙江高考)However, when she

15、 hung up, she regretted the way she had handled the call. 但是当她挂了电话, 她对她处理电话的方式后悔了。(2)(2019天津高考)My husband answered the door while I was on the phone in the dining room. 我在餐厅打电话时丈夫去开门了。(3)(2019江苏高考)As soon as Christiansen saw the photos, he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera. 克里斯琴森一看到照片,

16、他就意识到他为什么没能发现火山口。二、条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的连词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, in case, suppose/supposing等。1. if和unless引导的条件状语从句。if表示正面的条件, 意为“如果”; unless (=if not) 表示负面的条件, 意为“除非, 如果不”。*(2019全国卷)However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too. 然而, 如果别人在进步中受益, 我也会得到一些回报。*

17、He is sure to come unless he has some urgent business. (=He is sure to come if he doesnt have some urgent business. )他一定会来, 除非他有急事。2. in case, on condition that, providing/provided (that), supposing/suppose (that)等词汇意思相近, 表示“假如, 假使, 在条件下”(比if更为书面化)。*(2019江苏高考)The doctor shares his phone number with

18、the patients in case they need medical assistance. 医生给了病人他的手机号码, 以防病人需要医疗援助。*I shall give you my dictionary on condition that you return it tomorrow. 我将把我的字典给你, 如果你明天能还的话。3. as long as (=so long as)表示充分必要条件, 引导语气强烈的条件状语从句时, 意为“只要”。*You may use the book so/as long as you return it on time. 只要你准时还, 你就

19、可以用这本书。【知识延伸】(1)条件状语从句如果是对将来情况的假设, 常用一般现在时, 主句用一般将来时。(2)条件状语从句中的动作如果强调在将来某个时候之前已完成, 可以用现在完成时。(1)句型转换。(2019天津高考)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion unless he wants their support. Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion if he doesnt want their support. If

20、you are late, you should call your teacher. Supposing/Suppose/Provided/Providing/In case you are late, you should call your teacher. (2)Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teamsyet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. 一些人说人类和机器可以共存只要他们团体

21、工作然而如果机器不能共享人类的目标那就不可能实现。三、让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些: though, although, as; even if, even though; whether. . . or. . . ; no matter+疑问词, 疑问词-ever。1. although, though, while, even though, even if都表示“虽然, 即使, 尽管”之意, even if和even though 带有强调意味, 显得语气更强。*Although/Though/While they are poor, they are happy.

22、他们虽然穷, 但很快乐。*We will manage to accomplish the task in time even though it is difficult. 纵然任务艰巨, 我们也要及时完成。2. as引导让步状语从句时, 表示“虽然, 即使, 尽管”, 其引导的让步状语从句必须采用倒装结构。*Funny as it seems, the story is true. 这个故事看似可笑, 却是真的。*Child as he is, he can tell black from white. 尽管还是个孩子, 他却能分辨黑白。*Try as he would/might, he

23、 couldnt open the door. 他试过多次了, 却仍打不开那扇门。3. “no matter+疑问词”或“疑问词-ever”。however(无论怎样), whatever(无论什么), whoever(无论谁), whomever(无论谁), whichever(无论哪个), whenever(无论何时), wherever(无论哪里), no matter (who, what, where, when, etc. )(无论)引导让步状语从句时, 两种形式可以互换。*(2019北京高考)Whatever stage of life youre at, wherever yo

24、u go and whatever project you do in GDA, youll create positive changes in a poor and remote community. 无论你生活在哪个阶段, 无论你走到哪里, 无论你在做GDA哪个项目, 你将在一个贫穷和偏远的社区创造积极的改变。(1)(2019江苏高考 )This led to an unexpected consequence, though she had a wonderful time there. 虽然她在那里过得很开心, 但是这导致了出乎意料的结果。(2)(2018全国卷)But no mat

25、ter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. 但是无论人们多么富有, Dawson 这个城市绝不是个生活舒适的城市。(3)Whatever/No matter what they call us, however /no matter how they attack, and wherever/no matter where they take us, well find our own way back. 无论他们称呼我们什么, 无论他们如何诋毁我们, 无论他们把我们带到哪里, 我们都将找到自己回来的路。课时检测素养达标. 单句语

26、法填空1. Once/If the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. 2. It is a long time since they separated, but it wont be long before they meet again. 3. He was working in the study, while his wife was preparing dinner for him in the kitchen. 4. Actually, though/although/while

27、 weve done a lot to develop a low-carbon economy, it doesnt live up to our expectations. 5. Unless you change your mind, I wont be able to help you. 6. It was not until midnight that the noise of the street stopped. 7. Hardly had she had time to sit and have a rest when the phone rang again. 8. Whet

28、her she comes here or we go there, the topic of the discussion will remain unchanged. 9. No sooner had the bell rung than the students quieted down. 10. We will finish the work on time, whatever difficulties we meet. . 完成句子1. I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at o

29、nce. 我刚到办公室我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。2. As long as you dont lose heart, you will succeed. 只要你不灰心, 你会成功的。3. Well start our meeting on time whether he comes or not. 无论他来还是不来, 我们都要按时开始会议。4. Since he went to senior high school, he has been working very hard. 自从上高中以来, 他一直很用功。5. Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 直到开始工作, 我才意识到我已经浪费了多少时间。. 句型转换1. On arriving in Chengdu, he telephoned his friend. The moment/instant/minute he arrived in Chengdu, he telephoned his friend. 2. We will not have