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铝型材挤压机电气系统的设计,铝型材,挤压,机电,系统,设计
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附录离散型PLC 控制系统在红外线干燥炉中的应用一、前言红外线干燥炉在烘干方面与其他的烘干方法相比，越来越显示出它的优势，例如：面积小，干燥循环短，节省能量和减轻污染等。为了提高烘干炉大面积加热的准确性和迅速性，也为了操作方便和保养简便, 可以使用采用了触摸屏的PLC控制器, 下面对这一控制系统的组成，功能和特点进行分析。带钢深加工过程中，采用加热干燥的工艺生产线非常多，例如：喷漆，涂复合材料，印染等。使用红外线烘干炉生产线生产，具有干燥速度快，涂层厚度均匀等优点。这烘干方法最早应用可以追溯到， 30年代初，主要是使用在汽车喷漆实验室，医院等。直到70年代，因为新的射线材料的问世和高温辐射技术的发展，红外线的使喷漆能达到很薄的表面涂层（厚度一般在1 4m）。二、系统的组成这种干燥炉的生产线为双重烘干涂层生产线（即安将装有两个红外干燥炉） ，因为两个干燥炉和主机之间的控制距离远，控制的地方分散，如果使用同一地点控制，则现场布线复杂，维护不便。综合考虑生产线的布局特点，我们使用了触摸屏PLC的分布式控制系统，在屏幕上（人-机界面）的监视器上操作，使现场布线，调试和维修非常方便，系统结构图如下图一 干燥炉控制系统结构绘图 在系统生产线的使用的PLC（ GE90 - 70系列）主机主要用于处理干燥炉控制系统提供生产线的工艺参数，如喷涂速度，厚度，宽度等， PLC控制系统按照这些参数进行相应的控制; 1 ， 2 炉的监测数据显示在屏幕上;干燥炉PLC部分，主要是完成与显示在屏幕上的数据交换，以及现场的实际参数的数据采集，处理后，控制主站及生产线的PLC主机通过GENIUS网络与干燥炉的PLC进行数据交流（此外，在为了节省投资， PLC的变频也起着喷涂机的相关设备的控制和数据收集） ;干燥炉PLC控制主机主要完成由1 ， 2 完成干燥炉PLC的变频传输的指令，同时分别完成根据现场搜集的相关数据，以及对干燥炉相关设备的控制，从而保证了干燥炉控制系统和整个带钢生产线工作的协调和升温控制的准确和快捷性。三、PLC控制系统控制功能1、干燥炉PLC的变频 该干燥炉PLC的变频位于现场的1 ，在2 炉控制服务器，最具代表性的是美国GE公司的90-30系列PLC ，主要完成了以下控制功能：运行方面的管理，传输到屏幕上通过RS232连接，实现数据交换并进行处理，从现场传感器收集数据; 故障诊断分析报告的处理;操作权限的设制和密码管理。 干燥炉的PLC与生产线的PLC主机通过GENIUS网络进行对相关的信息交流。此外，PLC还完成了喷涂机电气设备的控制和相关参数的数据采集。2、干燥炉的PLC控制主机干燥炉PLC控制主机设置的程序对两个干燥炉分别控制，互不干扰，主要完成以下控制：使干燥炉热强度和生产线的速度曲线相适应; 干燥炉各个区域的温升曲线的建立和修订; 整个干燥炉电控设备互连逻辑控制;数据采集与处理; 干燥炉的PLC控制主机与生产线的PLC主机通过GENIUS网络进行相关信息的交流。3、触摸屏人-机界面系统触摸屏（如日本DIGTAL公司GP570 ）PLC，能适应恶劣工作环境，主机和输入输出设备等机构体积较小，高度有效的人-机界面，安装在这个系统中对现场控制，主要用途为完成以下任务：通过菜单上的管理功能，实现多屏幕演示;通过RS232完成与干燥炉的PLC的数据交换; 通过功能键，可控制干燥炉的所有电气设备的功能（例如：工作的双向选择，设备启动，停止等） ; 设置和改变干燥炉各个区域的加热模式; 搜集各个区域的硅控整流器压力调节器的主要技术参数（电压，电流等）;显示报警与诊断信息。4、 系统通信和数据交换离散控制系统的通信和数据交换主要是通过局域网。 这个局域网通信设备主要由主控制的PLC （GE90 - 70 ） GBC的总线控制单元和分控的PLC （ GE90 - 30 ） GCM模式通信模块构成。 主线可靠的通信设计，用单屏蔽双绞线，可避免电子噪声干扰，数据主线153.6k高速传输，传输大于2000米。 主线最多可连接32个通讯设备，总控站建立在PLC的GBC设备的编号是31 ，在其他分控机的PLC控制采用循环模式。通信协议是一种点对点主线控制，由0 设备经过1 设备（通过时，地址的设备消耗时间极短）进行“令牌”方式传输，如下图表：图二 “令牌”传输方式 当一些设备获得指令 ，从主线传输达到128字节的数据，这些全面的数据信息对应在PLC内存中的I（开关量输入） ，Q（下开关量输出） ， AI（模拟量输入） ， AQ （模拟量输出） ，或%Q（下参数记录）等相关资料。但每个设备可在任何时间接受关于这条主线必须具备全面的数据，其他设备传输（当然不是要限制是否取得指令 ） 。因此，通过主线，干燥炉主控制系统（ PLC ）的双方才有可能收集控制变频到现场干燥炉信息，传输这些信息后进行处理，以变频控制进行对输出控制，数据在触摸屏上显示。因为主线通讯设备使用双绞线串行连接，从而简化了主机与各单元之间的电气连接，提高了系统的稳定性和可靠性，减少工作负荷，并在工作过程中电气设备的安装与维修也得到简化。 触摸屏（ GP570 ）与系统的通信，用的RS232通信电缆直接和干燥炉部分PLC的CPU模块连接。通过这种连接，数送到屏幕上数据与干燥炉的PLC控制相互交流，通过前文提到的网络该干燥炉主控站相互交流数据，从而实现了触摸屏干燥炉相关设备的控制和每一种工艺参数上线的示范，以及信号的报警和故障诊断。五、结语 由以上对涉及到人-机界面的干燥炉触摸屏PLC控制系统的介绍，可以看出优点主要表现在： 结构符合标准化，模块化的使用，增强了整个系统的可靠性，且易于维护。各控制部分的数据传输使用了即时通信线路，提高了数据传输速率，从而保证了控制系统的控制精度; 高效的人-机界面系统（GP570触摸屏）建立了有效的监测系统，有利于故障的监控警报和处理； 因为之间的控制部分使用了专用通信网络，采用具有屏蔽能力的双绞线，简化了现场布线，也使整个电气安装，调试和维修更方便。英语原文Dispersible type PLC control system in infrared drying stove applicationOne, forewordThe infrared drying stove compares in the drying aspect with other dry ways, more and more demonstrates its superiority, for example: The area small, the dry cycle is short, saves the energy and the reduction environmental pollution and so on. In order to enhance dries the stove to heat up the volume control the accuracy and the rapidity, as well as the operation convenience and the easy maintenance, to introduce PLC in the control system to control and to touch the screen person - machine connection, under emphatically discussed this In themcontrol system the composition, the function and the characteristic. strip deep processing process, needs to heat up the drying craft the production line to be very many, for example: Paints, compound, the dyeing, spreads models and so on. In order to suitable should the kind of production line production, the speed quick, the coating be continuously thin and so on the characteristic, mostly used has radiated the way primarily infrared stove to carry on drying. This heat transfer way most early may trace to the beginning of the 30s, mainly uses in automobile lacquer baking with the laboratory, the hospital and so on, to 70s, because the new radiation material is published and the high temperature directed radiation technology development, infrared causes to heat up dryly in the thin material specially is in the strip surface coating (thickness generally in 1 4m)Second, system compositionThis stove locates the production line for double spreads double dries the coating production line (to be loaded with two infrared drying stoves), because two drying stoves and the host control between the cabinet the distance farther, controls the place dispersible, if uses the common control, then the scene wiring is complex, maintains inconveniently. The synthesis considered the production line the layout characteristic, we used had touch the PLC distributional control plan which the screen (person - machine connection) monitored, caused the scene wiring, the debugging and the maintenance extremely facilitates, system structure drawing as follows:drying stove control system structure drawingIn system production line PLC (the GE90-70 series) the master control stands mainly for dries the stove control system to provide production line craft parameter and so on strip speed, thickness, width and active status, in order to drying stove PLC controls the master station to act according to these parameters to carry on the corresponding control; 1#, the 2# stove monitoring touches the screen mainly to use for to carry on the drying stove active status the control and the corresponding craft parameter establishment, as well as each kind of parameter and the information were demonstrating; The drying stove PLC substation mainly completes with touches the screen the data exchange as well as the scene actual parameter data acquisition, after processing controls the master station and the production line PLC master control station exchange information again through the GENIUS network with drying stove PLC (in addition, in order to save investment, this PLC substation also is shouldering coating machine correlation equipment control and field data gathering in production line); Drying stove PLC controls the master station mainly to complete the instruction which by 1#, 2# in the drying stove PLC substation transmits, simultaneously separately completes according to the scene gathering correlation data to 1#, the 2# drying stove correlation equipment control, thus had guaranteed the drying stove control system and the entire strip production line work coordination and heats up the control to be accurate and the rapidity.Third, PLC system control function1) dries the stove PLC substationThe drying stove PLC substation is located scene 1# and in the 2# stove control desk, used US to be general (GE) electrical companys 90-30 series PLC, mainly completed the following control function: The operationn connection management, with touches the screen through the RS232 connection realization the data exchange;And carry on processing from the scene ndetector set or the sensor gathering data; The breakdown diagnoses andn reports to the police information processing;Dries the stove anxiously to stop the control, the operator data revision rank limit and the password nmanagement. Stands and drying stove PLC with the production line PLC master control controls the master station to carry on the related exchange of information through the GENIUS network. In addition, this PLC has also completed to the coating machine electrical equipment control and the correlation parameter data acquisition, because has nothing to do with the drying stove control, no longer states in this.2) dries stove PLC to control the master station Drying stove PLC controls the master station to be located the host to control in the room, carries on to two drying stoves separately controls, mutually does not disturb, mainly completes the following control: Causes to dry the stove to heat up the intensity and the production line velocity curve adapts; Dries the stove various areas curve nthe establishment and the revision; To entire drying stove electricallyn controlled equipment interconnection/succession logic control; Controls in the room to the host the drying stove control device each kind of metering nequipment or the active status data acquisition and processing; Standsn and a drying stove PLC minute control station with the production line PLC master control carries on the related exchange of information through the GENIUS network.3) touches the screen person - machine connection system Touches the screen (to use Japanese DIGTAL Corporation GP570) is specially is the small workstation which the PLC application designs, adapts the bad industry environment, the collection main engine, the input-output device to a body, the volume is smaller, may take between the operator and the control system contacts the highly effective person - machine connection, installs in this system on the scene control desk kneading board, mainly uses for to complete the following task:Entrusts with the menu management function, the realization dividesn the page and the multi- screens demonstration; Completes through the RS232 connection with the drying stove PLC minute control station data exchange; n Through the function key, may control the drying stove all electricaln equipment the active status (for example: The work way choice, the equipment start, stops and so on); The establishment and the revision drying stoven various areas heat up the pattern in the data area, facilitates the drying stove many kinds of working pattern the choice; Demonstrates various areasn silicon-controlled rectifier pressure regulator main technology parameter (voltage, electric current and so on) and the drying stove active status and the on-line temperature and so on the important parameter; Visual display alarmn with diagnosis information and corresponding explanation.Fourth, system communication and data exchange This disperser -like control system communication and the data exchange mainly are (the GENIUS main line) realizes through a local area network. This local area network communication equipment mainly by master control PLC (GE90-70) GBC GENIUS bus control unit and minute control station PLC (GE90-30) GCM+ the enhancement GENIUS communication module composes. The GENIUS main line is, it which the reliable communication designs for the industry environment in uses the list shielded twisted pair, may avoid the electronic noise the disturbance, the data passable main line 153.6K speed transmission, the transmission has been away from long amounts to 2,000 meters. The GENIUS main line most may connect 32 communication equipment, master control stands in PLC the GBC equipment number to have to establish is 31#, in other minute control stations PLC GCM+ may carry on the free establishment according to the position, the GENIUS communication agreement is one kind point-to-point makes the sign main line the system, some one kind of electron make the sign (TOKEN) from 0# the equipment everywhere 1# equipment (through when address equipment which has not used consumes time to be very few) circulates the transmission, following chart.When some equipment obtains makes the sign, it may to the main line transmission reach 128 bytes overall situations data, these overall situation data information correspond to in PLC memory %I (switch quantity input), %Q (switch quantity output), %AI (simulation quantity input), %AQ (simulation quantity output), or %Q (parameter register) and so on the related information. But each equipment may at any time accepts on the main line to possess the overall situation data which other equipment transmits (certainly not to limit to whether obtains makes sign). Thus, through the GENIUS main line, dries the stove master control to stand (PLC) both to be possible to gather arrives controls in the substation to the scene drying stove the infed information, and may the again transmission for dry these information after processing the stove to control the substation to carry on the output control either is touching the screen to progress the good condition or the data display. Because on the GENIUS main line communication equipment uses the twisted pair line serial connection, thus simplified the master control to stand with the minute control station between electrical connection, enhanced the system stability and the reliability, reduced the work load and in the movement process maintenance quantity which the electrical equipment installed. This control system touches the screen (GP570) with the system communication, has used the RS232 communication electric cable direct and drying stove minute control station PLC CPU in the module RS232 connection is connected. Through this connection, touches the screen to be possible mutually to exchange the data with drying stove minute control station PLC, but should divide control station PLC to be possible to stand and the production line master control through the above-mentioned GENIUS local area network with the drying stove master control stands mutually exchanges the data, thus realized by has touched the screen to dry the stove correlation equipment the control and each kind of craft parameter on-line de
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