山东专用2021届高考英语二轮复习专题二阅读七选五第二讲阅读七选五“二步”解题法课件2021031321

1、第二讲阅读七选五“二步”解题法 专题专题二二 阅读阅读七选五七选五 做真题感悟高考_真题体验_透视命题规律 (2020新高考全国卷)Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking._16_ Do you want to be a good public speaker？ Here are some principles you must master. People want to listen to someone who is interesting，relaxed and comfortable.Too often，wh

2、en you stand up to give a speech，you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking.”_17_ Focus on the speaking.Talk directly to your audience，be yourself and make a connection. Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet， the only one who cares about any mistake is the on

3、e who is speaking.Peoples attention wanders constantly.In fact，most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speakers message.So，dont stop speaking when you make a mistake unless its a truly serious one._18_ Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker._19_ And like everything else in life，that t

4、akes practice.Remember，even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis. _20_ Its rare to hear someone say，“I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” On the other hand，you probably cant count the times that youve thought，“Im glad that talk is over.It seemed to go on forever！” S

5、o surprise your audience.Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated.Its better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end. ADo the opposite. BYou want to be an effective public speaker. CYou dont need

6、 to apologize for a minor slip. DWhen it comes to public speaking，less is usually more. EThe objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience. FTake the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners. GHowever，the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be. 语篇

7、解读本文是一篇说明文。有些人是天生的演说家， 但大多数人能成为有影响力的演说家，是因为他们受过训练。文 章就如何成为一名出色的演说家给出了一些建议。本文以提高演 讲水平为话题，关注自我发展与成长，有助于读者提高思辨能力 和学习能力。 16解析：关联逻辑法解题。上句提到“一些人生来就有公开演 讲的天赋”，与此承接的语意应该是另一些人则要经过后天培训， 故选G项“然而，大多数人能成为有影响力的演说家，是因为他们 受过训练”。G项中的the majority of people(大多数人)对应上句的 some individuals(一些人)，train to be(训练使然)对应上句的are bo

8、rn with(与生俱来)。 答案：G 17解析：关联逻辑法解题。前面一句说的是“当你站在公众面 前演讲时，大多数情况下你关注的是公众，却牺牲了演讲”。言 外之意，作者认为演讲者应关注演讲本身而不是公众，故选A项 “反过来做”。F选项虽然也提到要关注“听众”，但是选项中的 the fear在前文中没有提到，因此排除。 答案：A 18解析：关联逻辑法解题。前文说的是“即使最成功的演说家 也会犯错所以，除非错误非常严重，否则犯了错也不要停止 演讲”。由此可推断设空处应该与“犯错”有关，故选C项“你没 有必要为小失误道歉”。a minor slip(小错误)与前文的a mistake为 同义替换。

9、答案：C 19解析：关联逻辑法解题。由前句“你的目标不是成为一名完 美的演说家”可以锁定B、E两项。但后句“就像生活中的其他一 切事情一样，这需要练习”中有关键词that，因此空格处应提及 that指代的内容，故选B项“你想成为一名有影响力的演说家”， 这是需要加以练习的。 答案：B 20解析：设题位置法解题。空后提到“很少听到有人会说： 我希望演讲者能讲得更久一些。”另外，本段还给出了建议 “总是让你的演讲比预期的稍短一点”，由此可知，位于本段段 首的空格处应与缩短演讲时间有关。D项“说到公开演讲，通常越 少就是越多”符合段落主题。这里的less指的是less time，more指 的是mo

10、re benefits或者more gains。 答案：D 依据挖空位置，可将5个题目分为段首题、段中题和段尾题； 依据句子在文中的作用，可分为“主旨概括句(涉及段落整体内 容)”，“过渡句(反映文章结构)”和“细节支撑句(反映上下文的逻 辑关系)”三个类型。 1略读文章抓大意 以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章的大小标题、首段、每段的首 句，以及表示句、段关系的连接性词语。 2重点阅读上下句 因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义衔接、逻辑通顺，解题 时大多只看上句，或只看下句，就可基本确定答案。 3看看结构变轻松 在解题过程中，通过观察语言结构可将选择范围大大缩小， 心情变得更加轻松。 4词语复现显

11、神功 作者或说话人在谈论某个话题或主题时，与主题相关的词语 必定会以原词、同义词或近义词等形式在上下文中重复出现。 5代词逻辑亦管用 代词是语篇衔接的重要手段之一，故解题中要善于利用这一 衔接手段。 第一步看位置 定类型 句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以 采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示 作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。段 首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表： 研题型解锁疑难_题型突破_揭示命题热点 挖空位置 逻辑关系具体解读 段首题 主旨句常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现 承上启下 句 此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的

12、内容连贯 起来 段中题例证关系 表示例证关系的标志词语有：for example， for instance，in fact/as a matter of fact， actually，in other words/that is to say等 段中题 转折关系 表示转折关系的标志词语有： but，however， yet，while/though/although，or/otherwise， on the contrary，instead，nevertheless(然而)， still，in contrast/comparison，by comparison 等 因果关系 表示因果关系的标

13、志词语有：so，therefore， thus，consequently(结果)，as a result(of)， so/such.that.，so that.等 段中题 递进关系 表示递进关系的标志词语有：too，also， besides，further，furthermore，moreover， likewise, similarly，whats more，whats worse，in addition，as well，to make matters worse，not.but., not only.but also等 并列关系 表示并列关系的标志词语有：and，first(ly)， s

14、econd(ly)；first，then/next；to begin with， some. others.；for one thing，for another thing；then/next，finally/last等 段尾题 总结句用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语 承上启下 句 此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯 起来 (2020高考全国卷节选) .Emoji can help communication feel friendlier，and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile. _40_，a

15、nd emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication，youll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture. AMessages with emojis feel more conversational BEven a formal email can seem cold and unfriendl

16、y CSending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange DThe popularity of these platforms is spreading globally EGiving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly FStudies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace GAn easy way to bring all work generations togeth

17、er is with a chat platform 分析本题位于段首，一般文章的段首句可以作为主题句， 也可起承上启下的作用，因此我们需要格外关注空格前后的内容。 空格前面介绍表情符号的作用，即Emoji can help communication feel friendlier，空格后面同样是概括表情符号的作用，即positive outcome。通过观察选项，我们发现F项提到的friendlier communication与前文联系紧密，且从文章结构来看，F项可以通过 and与后一个简单句连接，使文章结构严谨。故选F。 (2020高考全国卷节选) . There is also th

18、e matter of tone(语气)Who hasnt received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day？_39_Emoji can help communication feel friendlier，and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile. . AMessages with emojis feel more conversational BEven a formal email can seem cold and unfrien

19、dly CSending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange DThe popularity of these platforms is spreading globally EGiving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly FStudies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace GAn easy way to bring all work generations toge

20、ther is with a chat platform 分析根据前句“Who hasnt received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day？(谁没有收到过如此令人生气的电子邮件 以至于它毁掉一整天呢？)”和后文介绍表情符号的优点可知，这里 是陈述电子邮件的缺点，所以选项B “即使是一封正式的电子邮件 也会显得冷冰冰、不友好”与上文语意承接，故为答案。空前的 email与选项B中的email相呼应。故选B。 (2018高考全国卷节选) . The large color decisions in your rooms conc

21、ern the walls， ceilings，and floors.Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint，the time，effort and relative expense put into it are significant._40_ AWhile all of them are useful BWhatever youre looking for CIf youre experimenting with a color DSmall color choices are the ones were most familiar wit

22、h EIts not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces FSo it pays to be sure，because you want to get it right the first time GColor choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 分析该空位于段尾，应属于总结句。根据空前的the time， effort and relative expense put into it are signific

23、ant可知，大型物品的 颜色选择所需要的时间、精力、费用很大，这恰与F项构成因果关 系。 第二步由类型 定技法 (2020高考全国卷节选) . _37_Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local store or stores.Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains.Even if t

24、here isnt a registry，a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with，like a piece of art or a plant. . AThis isnt usual though. BIt is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party. CYou can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests. DIf youre lucky enough t

25、o receive gifts，keep them in a safe place. EIt also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like. FThe best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together. GThis was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter. 分析本题考查主题句。空格位于第二段句首，是该段的 主题句，空后的内容都在介绍客人可以带到聚会上

26、的礼物，空格 处应与聚会时所带礼物有关，故选B项“带礼物去乔迁聚会是传 统”。先提出应该带礼物，后面讲述如何选礼物等。 (2019高考全国卷节选)Your personal circumstances are equally important.For example，you may want to be a pilot but cant become one because your eyesight is not good enough._40_ You should reassess your goals，and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal

27、. AThis can affect your work. BSo how should you motivate yourself? CHowever，this should not discourage you. DSo why should we try to set specific goals? EThey can change according to circumstances. FMotivation is what you need most to do a good job. GWithout motivation，you can neither set a goal no

28、r reach it. 分析设空处在段中，所填句子应是过渡句。根据空格前 举的例子，想当飞行员，但视力不够好，你不能因为视力不够好 就泄气了，你得把自己当飞行员的目标换一下，重新设定一个目 标，选项C“然而，这不应该使你气馁”与之对应。故选C。 (2019高考全国卷节选)Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question：“Should I jump？”This is what motivation or the lack of it can do.Motivatio

29、n and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin._36_Like the child on the diving board，you will stay undecided. . AThis can affect your work. BSo how should you motivate yourself? CHowever，this should not discourage you. DSo why should we try to set specific goals? EThey can change according t

30、o circumstances. FMotivation is what you need most to do a good job. GWithout motivation，you can neither set a goal nor reach it. 分析本题考查推断句。空格前有motivation and goal setting，而且说它们是同一枚硬币的两面，缺一不可，由此可知此 处讲动力与设定目标的关系，故G项“没有动力，你既不能设定目 标也不能实现它”符合语境。 (2020高考全国卷节选) . _38_This is often appreciated since at a h

31、ousewarming there isnt a lot of food served.There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party.The host or hostess of the party will， however，probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes，because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves int

32、o their new home，people may be asked to help unpack boxes.This isnt usual though. . AThis isnt usual though. BIt is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party. CYou can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests. DIf youre lucky enough to receive gifts，keep them in a safe plac

33、e. EIt also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like. FThe best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together. GThis was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter. 分析此题可用代词指代线索解题。空格后的代词this是关 键信息词。由since后的内容可知，在乔迁聚会时供应的食物不多， 由此可判断this是指带食物去参加聚会，故选C项“你

34、也可以带食 物或饮料与其他客人分享”。 (2018年11月浙江卷节选) . _32_Think of how long it takes to listen to one of those messages.In texts，you dont have to declare who you are or even say hello.Email，too，is slower than a text.The worst are those who leave a voice mail and then send an email message to tell you they left a vo

35、ice mail. . AThen there is voice mail. BOthers，like me，want no reply. CBut people still ask these things. DDont these people realize that theyre wasting your time? EWont new technology bring about changes in our daily life? FFacetoface communication makes comprehension much easier. GWhen the telepho

36、ne was invented，people didnt know how to greet a caller. 分析此题可用词汇复现线索法解题。根据段中“.who leave a voice mail.they left a voice mail.”可知，段首要引出voice mail，下文才能对其进行介绍。故选A。 阅读七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 刷题组题型突破_即时演练_巩固复习成果 A (2020福建三校高三联考)Everyone complains.Even if you argue that you are the

37、 happiest person in the world，you still complain sometimes.Sometimes you complain without even realizing it，but rarely is it ever helpful._1_ Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts. _2_ When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or

38、someone，stop and force yourself to say something positive instead.Seek the help of a cheerful friend to change you when you complain and help you to see the positive in the situation. Make a list of things you are grateful for. You often complain about the things you dont have without noticing those

39、 things you already have.Be grateful for what you have in your life because you are lucky simply for being yourselves._3_ Learn to adapt to the changes. There are many things you cant change._4_Always find the positive side of each situation，regardless of however difficult the situation is.With pare

40、nts and friends support，you can survive any life changes. Allow yourself to vent(发泄) your feelings every once in a while. Constantly ignoring negative thoughts could add up.If you are really going through a rough time，dont be afraid to share your feelings with a close friend or family member or see

41、a therapist. Find what makes you happy. _5_Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career.Uncover what your biggest complaints are about and see if you can change the situation to make you happy.Choose happiness，focus on the positive，and be kind always! AChange the wa

42、y you think. BMake friends with positive people. CThe best and only thing you can do is to accept them. DAre you constantly complaining about your present job? ESometimes this list can be easy，full of hobbies you enjoy. FSo how can you manage to force yourselves to end complaining? GSet down things

43、you are thankful for and youll see that you dont have any reason to complain. 语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了停止抱怨的方 法和策略。 1解析：根据下文“Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts.”可推知，空处应是表述如何停止抱怨，所 以选F。 答案：F 2解析：根据文章结构及空处所在位置可知，空处为本段的标题。 根据下文对本段的整体理解可知，本段主要讲的是改变思考方式， 所以选A。 答案：A 3解析：根据本段

44、的标题Make a list of things you are grateful for. 并结合对本段的整体理解可推知，G选项“把你所感激的事情写下 来，然后你就会发现没有理由抱怨了”符合语境。 答案：G 4解析：根据上文“There are many things you cant change.”，并 结合下文“Always find the positive side of each situation，regardless of however difficult the situation is.”可推知，在不能改变的情况下， 接受并适应改变才是上策，与本段标题Learn to

45、adapt to the changes.呼应，所以选C。 答案：C 5解析：根据下文“Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career.”并结合本文的关键词complain可推 知，此处表示对自己的工作不满，所以选D。 答案：D B (2020潍坊统考) The Science of Talking with Your Preschooler Language is the fullest and most useful way of communication， and we can

46、 teach young children how to use language by engaging them in conversations._1_.There are three main conversation techniques that parents can use to help their preschoolers develop important oral language skills. _2_The more details that are added in a conversation，the more opportunities the young c

47、hild has to learn new words.Listen closely to what the child is talking about，and then explain it further to help a preschooler expand language. Interact by asking questions and telling answers that are meaningful to the childs interests._3_It also gives preschoolers opportunities to use the new wor

48、ds.By asking different types of questions like who，where，why，what，how and when，young children are encouraged to use their own words and express their own ideas. Help young children learn to use their language to consider and solve a problem.By “wondering aloud”，an adult models his thinking process and exposes preschoolers to curiosity and the abstract uses of language.“Wondering