初中英语非谓语动词讲解PPT课件

1、当我们要表示当我们要表示“想做某事、需要做某事或决定做某事想做某事、需要做某事或决定做某事”时，就会出现时，就会出现两两 个动词连用的情况个动词连用的情况，这时应如何表达呢？，这时应如何表达呢？ 同学们自然会想到同学们自然会想到want to do sth., need to do sth.和和decide to do sth.等表等表 达方式。达方式。 Module grammar 动词不定式 1. 什么是动词不定式？ 主要行为动词后面的动词采用了主要行为动词后面的动词采用了“to+动词原形动词原形”的结构，的结构， 我们把这种结构称为我们把这种结构称为动词不定式动词不定式（有时可以不带（有

2、时可以不带to）。动词）。动词 不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。下面我不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。下面我 们一起来看一下动词不定式有哪些们一起来看一下动词不定式有哪些语法功能语法功能。 2. 动词不定式的语法功能： (1) 不定式作主语不定式作主语 不定式作主语时，常用不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将作主语的不定式放在句子后部。作形式主语，而将作主语的不定式放在句子后部。 eg. It is good to help others. 帮助他人是好的。帮助他人是好的。 It is exciting to surf the Internet. 上网是令人兴奋

3、的。上网是令人兴奋的。 (2) 不定式作宾语不定式作宾语 学习不定式作宾语时学习不定式作宾语时,要注意掌握后接不定式作宾语的动词。常见动词有要注意掌握后接不定式作宾语的动词。常见动词有: want, hope, wish, like, begin, try, need, forget, agree, help 等。等。 Many people decide not to think about it. 许多人决定不去考虑这件事。许多人决定不去考虑这件事。 I want to go to the library. 我想去图书馆。我想去图书馆。 (3) 不定式作定语不定式作定语 不定式修饰名词或代

4、词，起形容词的作用，在句中作定语，放在被修饰不定式修饰名词或代词，起形容词的作用，在句中作定语，放在被修饰 对象的后面。对象的后面。请看下列句子：请看下列句子： I have a lot of homework to do. 我有很多作业要做。我有很多作业要做。 Im hungry. Give me something to eat, please. 我饿了。请给我点吃的吧。我饿了。请给我点吃的吧。 (4) 不定式作状语不定式作状语 不定式常常作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等。不定式作状语时，要不定式常常作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等。不定式作状语时，要 注意注意不定式的逻辑主语应与句子的主

5、语保持一致。不定式的逻辑主语应与句子的主语保持一致。 I came to Beijing to see my grandpa. 我来北京看望我的爷爷。我来北京看望我的爷爷。 Im glad to meet you！很高兴见到你！很高兴见到你！ Im too tired to walk. 我太累了，走不动了。我太累了，走不动了。 动词不定式的功能动词不定式的功能 5. 动词不定式做宾语补足语。动词不定式做宾语补足语。 动词不定式作宾语补足语，是对宾语的补充说明。动词不定式作宾语补足语，是对宾语的补充说明。常见的动常见的动 词有词有：want, tell, would like, choose,

6、allow, ask, invite, help等。等。 注意：（注意：（1）以上动词后接不定式做宾语补足语时，若要表达）以上动词后接不定式做宾语补足语时，若要表达 否定意思，要在否定意思，要在to do前面加前面加not，构成，构成not to do的形式。的形式。 e.g. Mr. Han told us not to make too much noise. （2）有些动词后接不定式做宾语补足语时，可以接不带）有些动词后接不定式做宾语补足语时，可以接不带to 的不定式，常见的这类动词有：的不定式，常见的这类动词有：help, make, let, have, hear, feel, se

7、e等。等。 e.g. His words made everyone laugh. 一感一感 :feel（感觉）（感觉）二听二听:listen to （听）、（听）、hear（听见）（听见）三三 让让 :let、make、have四看四看:watch、see、look、notice、 observe半帮助半帮助:help.因为既可以说因为既可以说help sb do sth 亦可以说亦可以说 help sb to do sth allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 choose sb to do sth.选择某人做某事 want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事

8、tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 feel/ listen to / hearsb. do sth. (6) 不定式作表语不定式作表语 不定式还可以作表语。例如：不定式还可以作表语。例如： Our duty today is to clean the floor. 今天我们的任务是打扫地板。今天我们的任务是打扫地板。 1. Because it allows people _closer to them.

9、 2. Its sad _of the pandas and other animals in danger. 3. We need _them better. 4. Many wild animals dont have a safe place _. 5. We want _animals in danger. 6. That means we can give money _ protect the animals. 7. Lets find out what else we can do _ as many as animals as possible. 1. Scientists d

10、o a lot of research _ _. 2. The government is setting up nature parks _. 3. The WWF chose the panda _. 4. The WWF is working hard _. In order to protect pandas in the wild , the government is setting up nature parks and developing other plans. to “in order to do” /“to do” refers to the purpose(目目 的的

11、) : 为了为了 The government is setting up nature parks and developing other plans protect pandas in the wild . in order to 动词分为两类 一：谓语动词（一般跟在主语后作谓语） 二：非谓语动词（一般跟在谓语动词后） 如果是谓语动词，要考虑时态和人称；如果是非谓语动词，要考 虑用do/to do/doing. to do：want /hope/learn/try/decide/forget/ remember/like/love /stop/go/come/plan等 in order

12、 to do / to do 表目的 do：情态动词、makelethelphad better 动词 一般现在时:结构、标志词、用法 一般过去时、过去进行时 现在进行时 谓语动词 （主语后） 非谓语动词 doing：practise/enjoy/finish/suggest/keep/like / 介词结尾的短语（think of/be good at/do well in pay attention tolook forward to）have trouble doing spend (in) doing 一般将来时 1. Would you please tell me next? A.

13、 how do B. what to do C. what do I do D. how I should do 2. The girl wasnt to lift that bookcase. A. too strong B. enough strong C. strong enough D. so strong 一、单项选择。 Practice 3. For a time his grandmother found _ accept his new idea. A. hard B. it hard C. it hard to D. hard to 4. As she has never b

14、een there before, Ill have someone _ her the way. A. show B. to show C. showing D. showed 5. You _ drive slowly. The roads are wet. A. had rather B. would rather C. had better D. would better 7. In the old days it was difficult for the poor _ a job. A. find B. to find C. look D. to look for 8. When

15、learning a foreign language, try your best _ the spirit of it. A. master B. hold C. take hold of D. to master 9. It was foolish _ his car unlocked. A. for him to leave B. of him to leave C. for him leave D. him to leave 10. Remember _ the newspaper when you have finished it. A. putting back B. put b

16、ack C. to put back D. will put back 13. You were lost on your way to the lake, werent you? Yes, we were and had to stop _ the way. A. asking B. to ask C. asked D. to be asked 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Do you know when _ (have) a picnic? 2. She is very busy today. She has a lot of work _ (do). 3. Our teache

17、r asked us _(be) careful when we crossed the road. 4. Its easy for us _ (answer) the question. to have to do to be to answer 三、汉译英。三、汉译英。 1. 我们需要更好地保护它们。我们需要更好地保护它们。 We need to protect them better. 2. 许多动物没地方住。许多动物没地方住。 Many animals have no place to live. 3. 我们究竟能做什么？我们究竟能做什么？ What on earth can we d

18、o? 4. 现在有许多濒危动物。现在有许多濒危动物。 Now therere many animals in danger. Homework Please write a short passage about animals in danger. Happiness is a form of courage. 幸福是勇气的一种形式。 (2) 不定式作宾语不定式作宾语 学习不定式作宾语时学习不定式作宾语时,要注意掌握后接不定式作宾语的动词。常见动词有要注意掌握后接不定式作宾语的动词。常见动词有: want, hope, wish, like, begin, try, need, forget

19、, agree, help 等。等。 Many people decide not to think about it. 许多人决定不去考虑这件事。许多人决定不去考虑这件事。 I want to go to the library. 我想去图书馆。我想去图书馆。 (4) 不定式作状语不定式作状语 不定式常常作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等。不定式作状语时，要不定式常常作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等。不定式作状语时，要 注意注意不定式的逻辑主语应与句子的主语保持一致。不定式的逻辑主语应与句子的主语保持一致。 I came to Beijing to see my grandpa. 我来北京看望我的爷爷。我来北京看望我的爷爷。 Im glad to meet you！很高兴见到你！很高兴见到你！ Im too tired to walk. 我太累了，走不动了。我太累了，走不动了。 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 choose sb to do sth.选择某人做某事 want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某