初升高英语衔接课78句子基本成分及句型PPT课件

1、Basic Parts of English Sentence 英语句子的种类 简单句 (simple sentence) 并列句 (compound sentence) 复合句 (complex sentence) 简单句 (simple sentence) A.只包含一个主谓结构Mary opened the door. B.两个主语和一个谓语Steve and his friend are coming to dinner. C.一个主语和两个谓语Mary opened the door and greeted the guests. 并列句(compound sentence): 把两

2、个或几个简单句用并列 连词连接起来，则成为一个并列句。 I turned on the TV. I watched it. I turned on the TV and watched it. I bought my sister a present. She didnt like it. I bought my sister a present,but she didnt like it. 并列句 并列句 常用并列连词 coordinating conjunctions 平行并列连词: 转折并列连词： 因果并列连词: 选择并列连词: and,bothand, not only but als

3、o, neithernor but,however,while,yet for,so or,eitheror 请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个 并列句。 1.He was tired. He went to bed. 2.The child hid behind his mothers skirt. He was afraid of the dog. He was tired, so he went to bed. The child hid behind his mothers skirt,for he was afraid of the dog. He made a promise.

4、He didnt keep it. He made a promise,but He didnt keep it. Mary is opening the door. John is greeting her guests. Mary is opening the door,and John is greeting her guests. 复合句:主句+从句 主句是一个完整的句子(independent sentence),它可以 独立存在。 从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个主句连用， 不能独立存在. By the time he arrived, 1 we had already lef

5、t. 2 请指出该复合句的主句和从句部分。 从句 主句 复合句类型： 1. 形容词性（定语）从句(The Ajective Clause) 2. 副词性（状语）从句(The Adverbial Clause) 3. 名词性（主语、宾语、表语和同位语）从句(The Noun Clause)。 中学生英文写作中经常 使用的从句有： 1. 宾语从句 2. 状语从句 3. 定语从句 指出下列各从句的类型： vI hope that everything is all right. vShe was reading the newspaper when I came in. vShe is the gi

6、rl who sings best of all. 宾语从句 状语从句 定语从句 He has found out .She was late.(why) 请用括号中所给的词把每组句子连接为 一个复合句。 I still remember the day .I first came to Beijing on that day.(when) I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. He has found out why she was late. vIll give the letter to him when I see

7、 him. vHe didnt come yesterday because he was ill. vIt is such a big box that nobody can move it. vWell go to the great wall if its fine tomorrow. vAlthough the place is quite pleasant, we should not go there all the time. 有下划线的词叫从属连词 (subordinating conjunction) 请用所学知识改正下列病句 v My roommate was sleepi

8、ng, we didnt want to wake her up. v I went to bed.Because I was tired. My roommate was sleeping . We didnt want to wake her up. My roommate was sleeping, so we didnt want to wake her up. I went to bed because I was tired. 英语长句的分析英语长句的分析 一、长句的特点： (1) 修饰语多； (2) 并列成分多； (3) 语言结构层次多。 eg. The study made c

9、lear that the working class that is so over-represented in crime statistics consists of lower-class people living in the lower-class areas of large cities. 二、理解长句时可采用以下步骤二、理解长句时可采用以下步骤： (1) 找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，( (复合句则 找出主句的主、谓、宾）从整体上把握句子 的结构。 The study made clear that the working class that is so over-rep

10、resented in crime statistics consists of lower-class people living in the lower-class areas of large cities. The study made clear that the working class that is so over-represented in crime statistics consists of lower-class people living in the lower-class areas of large cities. 主句：The study made t

11、hat clear. (2) 找出句中所有的非谓语动词、介词短语和 从句的引导词。 The study made clear that the working class that is so over-represented in crime statistics consists of lower-class people living in the lower-class areas of large cities. (3) 分析从句和短语的功能，例如，是否为主语 从句，宾语从句，表语从句等； 若是状语，它是表示时间、原因、结果、 还是表示条件等等。 The study made cle

12、ar that the working class that is so over-represented in crime statistics consists of lower-class people living in the lower-class areas of large cities. (4) 分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系， 例如， 定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个等。 The study made clear that the working class that is so over-represented in crime statistics consists o

13、f lower-class people living in the lower-class areas of large cities. The working class consists of lower-class people The working class is so over-represented in crime statistics. Lower-class people are living in the lower-class areas of large cities. (5) 注意插入语等其他成分。 (6) 注意分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配。 英语句子的种

14、类 简单句 (simple sentence) 并列句 (compound sentence) 复合句 (complex sentence) 请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个 并列句。 1.He was tired. He went to bed. 2.The child hid behind his mothers skirt. He was afraid of the dog. He was tired, so he went to bed. The child hid behind his mothers skirt,for he was afraid of the dog. By

15、 the time he arrived, 1 we had already left. 2 请指出该复合句的主句和从句部分。 从句 主句 请用所学知识改正下列病句 v My roommate was sleeping, we didnt want to wake her up. v I went to bed.Because I was tired. 二、理解长句时可采用以下步骤二、理解长句时可采用以下步骤： (1) 找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，( (复合句则 找出主句的主、谓、宾）从整体上把握句子 的结构。 The study made clear that the working cla

16、ss that is so over-represented in crime statistics consists of lower-class people living in the lower-class areas of large cities. The study made clear that the working class that is so over-represented in crime statistics consists of lower-class people living in the lower-class areas of large cities. 主句：The study made that clear. 二、理解长句时可采用以下步骤二、理解长句时可采用以下步骤： (1) 找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，( (复合句则 找出主句的主、谓、宾）从整体上把握句子 的结构。 The study made clear that the working class that is so over-represented in crime statistics consists of lower