实验3：API菜单使用剖析

1、实验报告3课程名称：Windows编程实验名称：API菜单使用学生姓名：班级：学号：成绩:、实验目的掌握VC6中菜单的创建和使用二、实验内容菜单的创建有三种方法：1,在WINDOWCLASS中指定菜单资源的标识符； 2,在CreateWindowEx函数参数中指定菜单句柄；3，先用LoadMenu函数载入 菜单资源，再用SetMenu函数把菜单加载到应用程序的菜单栏。菜单的操作包含：向已存在菜单添加新的菜单项，删除菜单中的某一项，使 菜单项呈现被选中状态，使菜单项无效，创建浮动式菜单，向 Windows系统菜 单中添加，删除选项等等。三、实验要求按下图建立一个创建菜单应用的程序框架要求：(1)

2、 创建弹出式菜单(2) 显示相关信息(3) 向已有菜单中插入新项(4) 删除菜单中的选项(5) 设置菜单项为选中标志(6) 设置菜单项为单选标志(7) 向系统菜单中插入新项四、实验步骤(一)新建项目使用Visual C+的应用程序向导生成一个应用程序 MenuDemo。项目类型选 择“Win32Application，在向导的第一步中将程序类型设置成“A simple Win32application”。(二)编写实现菜单使用的代码参考代码：/ test.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application./#define WIN32_LEAN_

3、AND_MEAN#include stdafx.h#include resource.h#define ID_NEWITEM1013#define ID_NEWSYSITEM60441/定义新菜单项的标识符/定义新系统菜单项标识符LRESULT CALLBACK MainProc(HWND,UINT,WPARAM,LPARAM);BOOL WINAPI DoDispPopupMenu(HWND,int,int);VOID WINAPI DoDispMessage(int);VOID WINAPI DoInsertMenuItem(void); VOID WINAPI DoDeleteMenuI

4、tem(void); VOID WINAPI DoCheckMenuItem(void);VOID WINAPI DoCheckRadio(void);VOID WINAPI DoInsertSysMenu(void);/创建弹出式菜单 /显示相关信息 /向已有菜单中插入新项 /删除菜单中的选项 /设置菜单项为选中标志 /设置菜单项为单选标志 /向系统菜单中插入新项char szAppName=MenuDemo;HINSTANCE hIns; HWND hMainWnd; BOOL isInsert; BOOL isCheck; int idRadio=2;/插入菜单标志/选中标志/单选标志i

5、nt APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) MSG msg;HWND hWnd; WNDCLASSEX wc;wc.cbClsExtrawc.cbSize wc.cbWndExtra=0;=sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);=0;wc.hbrBackground=(HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);wc.hCursor=LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);wc.hIconwc.hIconSmw

6、c.hInstancewc.lpfnWndProc wc.lpszClassName wc.lpszMenuName=LoadIcon(NULL,IDI_APPLICATION);=0;=hInstance;=(WNDPROC)MainProc;=szAppName;=MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MENU1);wc.style =CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW | CS_DBLCLKS | CS_OWNDC; RegisterClassEx(&wc);hWnd=CreateWindowEx(0,szAppName,szAppName,WS_OVERLAPPEDWIN

7、DOW,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL,NULL,hInstance,NULL);hMainWnd=hWnd;hIns=hInstance;DoInsertSysMenu();/ 在此处向系统菜单中插入菜单项ShowWindow(hWnd,nCmdShow);UpdateWindow(hWnd);while(GetMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0) TranslateMessage(&msg);DispatchMessage(&msg); return msg.wParam;LRESULT C

8、ALLBACK MainProc(HWND hWnd,UINT message,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)HDC hdc;PAINTSTRUCT ps;switch(message)case WM_CREATE:return 0;case WM_PAINT:hdc=BeginPaint(hWnd,&ps);EndPaint(hWnd,&ps); /do drawingreturn 0;case WM_RBUTTONDOWN: / 鼠标在窗口中右键被按下时，弹出浮动式菜单 if(DoDispPopupMenu(hWnd,LOWORD(lParam),HIWORD(l

9、Param) return 0; /函数调用成功elsebreak;/函数调用失败case WM_COMMAND:switch(LOWORD(wParam) case ID_INSERT:if(isInsert=0) DoInsertMenuItem();/ 插入新的菜单项DoDispMessage(4); / 显示相关信息break;case ID_NEWITEM: DoDispMessage(3); break;case ID_DELETE:if(isInsert!=0) DoDeleteMenuItem();/ 删除菜单项 DoDispMessage(5);break;case IDEX

10、IT:PostQuitMessage(0); break;case ID_CHECK: /在菜单选项前打钩DoCheckMenuItem(); break;case ID_RADIO1: /在菜单选项前做一圆形标志，表明此项被选中，清除旧的标志 idRadio=2;DoCheckRadio(); break;case ID_RADIO2: /同上 idRadio=3; DoCheckRadio(); break;case ID_RADIO3: /同上 idRadio=4; DoCheckRadio(); break;case ID_FLOAT1: /浮动菜单的选项被选中时的处理 DoDispM

11、essage(0); break;case ID_FLOAT2: /同上DoDispMessage(1); break;case ID_FLOAT3: /同上DoDispMessage(2); break;return 0;case WM_CLOSE:PostQuitMessage(0);return 0;return DefWindowProc(hWnd,message,wParam,lParam);BOOL WINAPI DoDispPopupMenu(HWND hWnd,int x,int y)HMENU hMenu;HMENU hPopupMenu;POINT pt=x,y;/从资源文

12、件中载入菜单资源 hMenu=LoadMenu(hIns,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MENU2); /获得子菜单的句柄hPopupMenu=GetSubMenu(hMenu,0);/窗口坐标转化到屏幕坐标 ClientToScreen(hMainWnd,&pt);/创建浮动菜单 if(TrackPopupMenu(hPopupMenu,TPM_LEFTALIGN | TPM_RIGHTBUTTON, pt.x,pt.y,0,hMainWnd,NULL)=FALSE)return FALSE;/使用完毕，回收内存DestroyMenu(hMenu);return TRUE;VOID

13、 WINAPI DoDispMessage(int id) HDC hdc;/ 在菜单事件发生时，输出相应的字符串char *mess=Command Floating Menuitem 1 ,Command Floating Menuitem 2 ,Command Floating Menuitem 3 , Command New Menu Item ,New Item Have Been Inserted ,New Item Have Been Deleted ; InvalidateRect(hMainWnd,NULL,FALSE); hdc=GetDC(hMainWnd);TextOu

14、t(hdc,0,0,messid,strlen(messid); ReleaseDC(hMainWnd,hdc);VOID WINAPI DoInsertMenuItem() HMENU hMenu; / 插入菜单项HMENU hPopupMenu;MENUITEMINFO info;info.cbSize=sizeof(MENUITEMINFO); / 每 一 个 新 插 入 的 菜 单 项 都 必 须 填 写 MENUITEMINFO 结构info.fMask info.fType info.fState info.wID info.hSubMenu=MFT_STRING | MIIM_D

15、ATA | MIIM_ID | MIIM_TYPE;=MFT_STRING;=0;=ID_NEWITEM;=NULL;info.hbmpChecked =NULL; info.hbmpUnchecked =NULL;info.dwItemData=ID_NEWITEM;info.dwTypeData=New Item;info.cch =8;hMenu=GetMenu(hMainWnd); / 获得已存在菜单的句柄 hPopupMenu=GetSubMenu(hMenu,0); / 获得子菜单的句柄 InsertMenuItem(hPopupMenu,1,TRUE,&info); / 插入菜单

16、项 isInsert=1; / 置插入标志为 1VOID WINAPI DoDeleteMenuItem() HMENU hMenu; / 删除菜单项 HMENU hPopupMenu; hMenu=GetMenu(hMainWnd); hPopupMenu=GetSubMenu(hMenu,0); RemoveMenu(hPopupMenu,ID_NEWITEM,MF_BYCOMMAND); isInsert=0;VOID WINAPI DoCheckMenuItem()/ 此函数先判断菜单项是否被打钩，若没有，则做打钩标记，若已有，则删除打钩标记 HMENU hMenu;HMENU hPo

17、pupMenu; hMenu=GetMenu(hMainWnd); hPopupMenu=GetSubMenu(hMenu,1); if(isCheck) CheckMenuItem(hPopupMenu,0,MF_BYPOSITION | MF_UNCHECKED); isCheck=0;else CheckMenuItem(hPopupMenu,0,MF_BYPOSITION | MF_CHECKED); isCheck=1;VOID WINAPI DoCheckRadio()HMENU hMenu;HMENU hPopupMenu; hMenu=GetMenu(hMainWnd); hP

18、opupMenu=GetSubMenu(hMenu,1);CheckMenuRadioItem(hPopupMenu,2,4,idRadio,MF_BYPOSITION);VOID WINAPI DoInsertSysMenu() HMENU hSysMenu; / 在系统菜单中插入菜单项 MENUITEMINFO info;hSysMenu=GetSystemMenu(hMainWnd,FALSE); / 获得系统菜单的句柄info.wIDinfo.hSubMenu=ID_NEWSYSITEM;=NULL;info.hbmpChecked =NULL;info.hbmpUnchecked i

19、nfo.dwItemData info.dwTypeData=NULL;=15;=New system Item;info.cch =15;InsertMenuItem(hSysMenu,6,TRUE,&info);info.cbSize info.fMask info.fType info.fState=sizeof(MENUITEMINFO);=MFT_STRING | MIIM_DATA | MIIM_ID | MIIM_TYPE; =MFT_STRING;=MFS_DEFAULT;(三)编写如下资源文件( Script1.rc)#include resource.hIDR_MENU1

20、MENU DISCARDABLEBEGINPOPUP Menu&1BEGINMENUITEM InsertItemtI,ID_INSERTMENUITEM DeleteItemtD,ID_DELETEMENUITEM &ExittAlt+F4,IDEXITENDPOPUP Menu&2BEGINMENUITEM CheckText,ID_CHECKMENUITEM SEPARATORMENUITEM Radio1,ID_RADIO1MENUITEM Radio2,ID_RADIO2MENUITEM Radio3,ID_RADIO3MENUITEM SEPARATORMENUITEM About,ID_ABOUTENDENDIDR_MENU2 MENU DISCARDABLEBEGINPOPUP TestBEGINMENUITEM Floating Menu Item1,ID_FLOAT1, MENUBREAKMENUITEM Floating Menu Item2,ID_FLOAT2MENUITEM