机电一体化毕业设计外文文献翻译.doc

1、毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译 译文题目 integration of machinery 外文资料翻译资料来源：文章名：integration of machinery书刊名：digital image processing作 者：y. torres, j. j. pavn, i. nieto and j. a. rodrguez出版社：武汉大学出版社，2004章 节：2.4 integration of machinery页 码：p15p18 integration of machinery （from electrical and machinery industry）abstractma

2、chinery was the modern science and technology development inevitable result, this article has summarized the integration of machinery technology basic outline and the development background .summarized the domestic and foreign integration of machinery technology present situation, has analyzed the i

3、ntegration of machinery technology trend of development. key word： integration of machinery ，technology， present situation ，product t，echnique of manufacture ，trend of development 0. introduction modern science and technology unceasing development, impelled different discipline intersecting enormous

4、ly with the seepage, has caused the project domain technological revolution and the transformation .in mechanical engineering domain, because the microelectronic technology and the computer technology rapid development and forms to the mechanical industry seepage the integration of machinery, caused

5、 the mechanical industry the technical structure, the product organization, the function and the constitution, the production method and the management system has had the huge change, caused the industrial production to enter into the integration of machinery by the machinery electrification for the

6、 characteristic development phase.1. integration of machinery outline integration of machinery is refers in the organization new owner function, the power function, in the information processing function and the control function introduces the electronic technology, unifies the system the mechanism

7、and the computerization design and the software which constitutes always to call. the integration of machinery development also has become one to have until now own system new discipline, not only develops along with the science and technology, but also entrusts with the new content .but its basic c

8、haracteristic may summarize is: the integration of machinery is embarks from the system viewpoint, synthesis community technologies and so on utilization mechanical technology, microelectronic technology, automatic control technology, computer technology, information technology, sensing observation

9、and control technology, electric power electronic technology, connection technology, information conversion technology as well as software programming technology, according to the system function goal and the optimized organization goal, reasonable disposition and the layout various functions unit,

10、in multi-purpose, high grade, redundant reliable, in the low energy consumption significance realize the specific function value, and causes the overall system optimization the systems engineering technology .from this produces functional system, then becomes an integration of machinery systematic o

11、r the integration of machinery product. therefore, integration of machinery covering technology and product two aspects .only is, the integration of machinery technology is based on the above community technology organic fusion one kind of comprehensive technology, but is not mechanical technical, t

12、he microelectronic technology as well as other new technical simple combination, pieces together .this is the integration of machinery and the machinery adds the machinery electrification which the electricity forms in the concept basic difference .the mechanical engineering technology has the merel

13、y technical to develop the machinery electrification, still was the traditional machinery, its main function still was replaces with the enlargement physical strength .but after develops the integration of machinery, micro electron installment besides may substitute for certain mechanical parts the

14、original function, but also can entrust with many new functions, like the automatic detection, the automatic reduction information, demonstrate the record, the automatic control and the control automatic diagnosis and the protection automatically and so on .not only namely the integration of machine

15、ry product is humans hand and body extending, humans sense organ and the brains look, has the intellectualized characteristic is the integration of machinery and the machinery electrification distinguishes in the function essence.2. integration of machinery development condition integration of machi

16、nery development may divide into 3 stages roughly.20th century 60s before for the first stage, this stage is called the initial stage .in this time, the people determination not on own initiative uses the electronic technology the preliminary achievement to consummate the mechanical product the perf

17、ormance .specially in second world war period, the war has stimulated the mechanical product and the electronic technology union, these mechanical and electrical union military technology, postwar transfers civilly, to postwar economical restoration positive function .developed and the development a

18、t that time generally speaking also is at the spontaneous condition .because at that time the electronic technology development not yet achieved certain level, mechanical technical and electronic technology union also not impossible widespread and thorough development, already developed the product

19、was also unable to promote massively. the 20th century 7080 ages for the second stage, may be called the vigorous development stage .this time, the computer technology, the control technology, the communication development, has laid the technology base for the integration of machinery development .

20、large-scale, ultra large scale integrated circuit and microcomputer swift and violent development, has provided the full material base for the integration of machinery development .this time characteristic is :a mechatronics word first generally is accepted in japan, probably obtains the quite wides

21、pread acknowledgment to 1980s last stages in the worldwide scale ;the integration of machinery technology and the product obtained the enormous development ;the various countries start to the integration of machinery technology and the product give the very big attention and the support. 1990s later

22、 periods, started the integration of machinery technology the new stage which makes great strides forward to the intellectualized direction, the integration of machinery enters the thorough development time .at the same time, optics, the communication and so on entered the integration of machinery,

23、processes the technology also zhan to appear tiny in the integration of machinery the foot, appeared the light integration of machinery and the micro integration of machinery and so on the new branch; on the other hand to the integration of machinery system modeling design, the analysis and the inte

24、grated method, the integration of machinery discipline system and the trend of development has all conducted the thorough research .at the same time, because the huge progress which domains and so on artificial intelligence technology, neural network technology and optical fiber technology obtain, o

25、pened the development vast world for the integration of machinery technology .these research, will urge the integration of machinery further to establish the integrity the foundation and forms the integrity gradually the scientific system. our country is only then starts from the beginning of 1980s

26、in this aspect to study with the application .the state council had been established the integration of machinery leading group and lists as 863 plans this technology .when formulated 95 the plan and in 2010 developed the summary had considered fully on international the influence which and possibly

27、 brought from this about the integration of machinery technology development trend .many universities, colleges and institutes, the development facility and some large and middle scale enterprises have done the massive work to this technical development and the application, does not yield certain re

28、sult, but and so on the advanced countries compared with japan still has the suitable disparity. 3. integration of machinery trend of development integrations of machinery are the collection machinery, the electron, optics, the control, the computer, the information and so on the multi-disciplinary

29、overlapping syntheses, its development and the progress rely on and promote the correlation technology development and the progress .therefore, the integration of machinery main development direction is as follows:3.1 intellectualized intellectualizations are 21st century integration of machinery te

30、chnological development important development directions .the artificial intelligence obtains day by day in the integration of machinery constructors research takes, the robot and the numerical control engine bed intellectualization is the important application .here said the intellectualization is

31、to the machine behavior description, is in the control theory foundation, the absorption artificial intelligence, the operations research, the computer science, the fuzzy mathematics, the psychology, the physiology and the chaos dynamics and so on the new thought, the new method, simulate the human

32、intelligence, enable it to have abilities and so on judgment inference, logical thinking, independent decision-making, obtains the higher control goal in order to .indeed, enable the integration of machinery product to have with the human identical intelligence, is not impossible, also is nonessenti

33、al .but, the high performance, the high speed microprocessor enable the integration of machinery product to have preliminary intelligent or humans partial intelligences, then is completely possible and essential.in the modern manufacture process, the information has become the control manufacture in

34、dustry the determining factor, moreover is the most active actuation factor .enhances the manufacture system information-handling capacity to become the modern manufacture science development a key point .as a result of the manufacture system information organization and structure multi-level, makes

35、 the information the gain, the integration and the fusion presents draws up the character, information measure multi-dimensional, as well as information organizations multi-level .in the manufacture information structural model, manufacture information uniform restraint, dissemination processing and

36、 magnanimous data aspects and so on manufacture knowledge library management, all also wait for further break through.each kind of artificial intelligence tool and the computation intelligence method promoted the manufacture intelligence development in the manufacture widespread application .a kind

37、based on the biological evolution algorithm computation intelligent agent, in includes the scheduling problem in the combination optimization solution area of technology, receives the more and more universal attention, hopefully completes the combination optimization question when the manufacture th

38、e solution speed and the solution precision aspect breaks through the question scale in pairs the restriction .the manufacture intelligence also displays in: the intelligent dispatch, the intelligent design, the intelligent processing, the robot study, the intelligent control, the intelligent craft

39、plan, the intelligent diagnosis and so on are variousthese question key breakthrough, may form the product innovation the basic research system. between 2 modern mechanical engineering front science different science overlapping fusion will have the new science accumulation, the economical developme

40、nt and societys progress has had the new request and the expectation to the science and technology, thus will form the front science .the front science also has solved and between the solution scientific question border area .the front science has the obvious time domain, the domain and the dynamic

41、characteristic .the project front science distinguished in the general basic science important characteristic is it has covered the key science and technology question which the project actual appeared.manufacture system is a complex large-scale system, for satisfies the manufacture system agility,

42、the fast response and fast reorganization ability, must profit from the information science, the life sciences and the social sciences and so on the multi-disciplinary research results, the exploration manufacture system new architecture, the manufacture pattern and the manufacture system effective

43、operational mechanism .makes the system optimization the organizational structure and the good movement condition is makes the system modeling , the simulation and the optimized essential target .not only the manufacture system new architecture to makes the enterprise the agility and may reorganize

44、ability to the demand response ability to have the vital significance, moreover to made the enterprise first floor production equipment the flexibility and may dynamic reorganization ability set a higher request .the biological manufacture view more and more many is introduced the manufacture system

45、, satisfies the manufacture system new request.the study organizes and circulates method and technique of complicated system from the biological phenomenon, is a valid exit which will solve many hard nut to cracks that manufacturing industry face from now on currently .imitating to living what manuf

46、acturing point is mimicry living creature organ of from the organization, from match more, from growth with from evolution etc. function structure and circulate mode of a kind of manufacturing system and manufacturing process.the manufacturing drives in the mechanism under, continuously by ones own

47、perfect raise on organizing structure and circulating mode and thus to adapt the process ofwith ability for the environment .for from descend but the last product proceed together a design and make a craft rules the auto of the distance born, produce system of dynamic state reorganization and produc

48、t and manufacturing the system tend automatically excellent provided theories foundation and carry out a condition .imitate to living a manufacturing to belong to manufacturing science and life science ofthe far good luck is miscellaneous to hand over, it will produce to the manufacturing industry f

49、or 21 centuries huge of influence . 机电一体化摘要机电一体化是现代科学技术发展的必然结果,本文简述了机电一体化技术的基本概要和发展背景。综述了国内外机电一体化技术的现状，分析了机电一体化技术的发展趋势。关键词机电一体化 技术 现状 产品 制造技术 发展趋势1绪论现代科学技术的不断发展，极大地推动了不同学科的交叉与渗透，导致了工程领域的技术革命与改造。在机械工程领域，由于微电子技术和计算机技术的迅速发展及其向机械工业的渗透所形成的机电一体化，使机械工业的技术结构、产品机构、功能与构成、生产方式及管理体系发生了巨大变化，使工业生产由机械电气化迈入了机电一体化为特

50、征的发展阶段。2机电一体化概要机电一体化是指在机构得主功能、动力功能、信息处理功能和控制功能上引进电子技术，将机械装置与电子化设计及软件结合起来所构成的系统的总称。机电一体化发展至今也已成为一门有着自身体系的新型学科，随着科学技术的不但发展，还将被赋予新的内容。但其基本特征可概括为：机电一体化是从系统的观点出发，综合运用机械技术、微电子技术、自动控制技术、计算机技术、信息技术、传感测控技术、电力电子技术、接口技术、信息变换技术以及软件编程技术等群体技术，根据系统功能目标和优化组织目标，合理配置与布局各功能单元，在多功能、高质量、高可靠性、低能耗的意义上实现特定功能价值，并使整个系统最优化的系统

51、工程技术。由此而产生的功能系统，则成为一个机电一体化系统或机电一体化产品。因此，机电一体化涵盖技术和产品两个方面。只是，机电一体化技术是基于上述群体技术有机融合的一种综合技术，而不是机械技术、微电子技术以及其它新技术的简单组合、拼凑。这是机电一体化与机械加电气所形成的机械电气化在概念上的根本区别。机械工程技术有纯技术发展到机械电气化，仍属传统机械，其主要功能依然是代替和放大的体力。但是发展到机电一体化后，其中的微电子装置除可取代某些机械部件的原有功能外，还能赋予许多新的功能，如自动检测、自动处理信息、自动显示记录、自动调节与控制自动诊断与保护等。即机电一体化产品不仅是人的手与肢体的延伸，还是人

52、的感官与头脑的眼神，具有智能化的特征是机电一体化与机械电气化在功能上的本质区别。3机电一体化的发展状况机电一体化的发展大体可以分为3个阶段。20世纪60年代以前为第一阶段，这一阶段称为初级阶段。在这一时期，人们自觉不自觉地利用电子技术的初步成果来完善机械产品的性能。特别是在第二次世界大战期间，战争刺激了机械产品与电子技术的结合，这些机电结合的军用技术，战后转为民用，对战后经济的恢复起了积极的作用。那时研制和开发从总体上看还处于自发状态。由于当时电子技术的发展尚未达到一定水平，机械技术与电子技术的结合还不可能广泛和深入发展，已经开发的产品也无法大量推广。20世纪7080年代为第二阶段，可称为蓬勃

53、发展阶段。这一时期，计算机技术、控制技术、通信技术的发展，为机电一体化的发展奠定了技术基础。大规模、超大规模集成电路和微型计算机的迅猛发展，为机电一体化的发展提供了充分的物质基础。这个时期的特点是：首先在日本被普遍接受，大约到20世纪80年代末期在世界范围内得到比较广泛的承认；机电一体化技术和产品得到了极大发展；各国均开始对机电一体化技术和产品给以很大的关注和支持。化进入深入发展时期。一方面，光学、通信技术等进入了20世纪90年代后期，开始了机电一体化技术向智能化方向迈进的新阶段，机电一体机电一体化，微细加工技术也在机电一体化中崭露头脚，出现了光机电一体化和微机电一体化等新分支；另一方面对机电一体化系统的建模设计、分