完整版)人教版八年级上册英语unit1知识点及习题

1、Unitl Where did you go on vacation一、书本重要语法点梳理go on vacation 去度假 stay at home待在家里go to the mountains 去爬山 go to the beach 去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp 去参观夏令营quite a few 相当多study for为而学习go out 出去most of the time大部分时间taste good 尝起来很好吃have a good time玩得高兴of course当然feel like 给的感觉；感受到go shopp

2、ing 去购物in the past 在过去walk around 四处走走because of 因为drink tea 喝茶one bowl of 一碗 the next day第二天find out 找出；查明go on 继续take photos照相something important重要的事up and down 上上下下come up出来buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物taste + adj. 尝起来look+adj.看起来nothingbut+动词原形除了之外什么都没有seem+ (to be ) + adj. 看起来arrive in+

3、 大地点/ arrive at+ 小地点到达某地decide to do sth.决定去做某事try doing sth.做某事尝试做某事try to do sth.尽力去forget doing sth. 忘记做某事忘记做过某事forget to do sth.enjoy doing sth. 某事喜欢做某事want to do sth.想去做start doing sth.开始做某事stop doing sth.停止做某事He went to Sanya.dislike doi ng sth.不喜欢做某事keep doi ng sth. 继续做某事Why not do. sth.为什么不做

4、呢so+adj.+that+ 从句 如此以至于tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人(不要)做某事1. on vacation 度假vacation 意为 “假期、假日”，相当于 holiday ，但 vacation 表示长的假期。如：the long vacati on长假the summer vacati on 暑假the Christmas vacati on圣诞假期而holiday （尤其美国）指“假日；休息日；休假”。on vacati on 二 on holiday 意为“度假”练习 Where did go onvacati onA. / B . a C .

5、 an D . the2. an ythi ng in terest ing些有趣的东西1) something , anything , nothing , everything 是指物的 不定代词。somebody some one an ybody, anyone, n obody, everybody , every one 是指人 的不定 代词。somewhere, any where, no where, everywhere 是指地点的不定代词。2 ) 当形容词修饰 something,anything,nothing,everyth ing 等不定代词时，放在这些词的后面；3)

6、 这些不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：Is everybody here 大家都到齐了吗4) somethi ng , somebody some one somewhere 用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中，而anything , anybody,anyone, any where用于否定句及疑问句中。 女口：Did you do anything interest ing你做了有趣的事吗(表疑问)Why don t you visit someone with me你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢(表建议) Why not + do sth.女口： Why not go

7、 shopping5. long time no see好久不见女口：Let s go如：Shall we/ I go练习 is in today s newspaper.Let s read a storybook.A. somethi ng in terest ingB. nothingin teresti ngC.interestingsomethingD. interestingno thi ngyou go fishi ng with yesterdayYes, I went with my father.a. some one B. anyone C. no one D. ever

8、y onetherein the roomis only one old desk.A.anything special; YesB.anything special; NoC.special anything; YesD.special anything; Noisin terest ing in the d like to see it k b1 . c o mA. anything B . Nothing C . everything D . something3. buy sth. for sb. 或 buy sb. sth女口： My parents often buy somebo

9、oks for me. = My parents ofte n buy me some books.我父母经常给我买书。4.提建议的句子:What/ howabout +doing sth.女口： What/ Howaboutgoing shopp ing匕 Whydon t you + do sth.女口： Why don t you go shopp ingLet s + do sth. shopp ing Shall we/ I +do sth.shopp ing6. quite a few 相当多a few与 a little的区别，few与little的区别 a few一些修饰可数名

10、词a little意义一些修饰不可数名词两者都表肯定女口： He has a few friends.他有一些朋友。There is a little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里有一些糖。1few 少数的 修饰可数名词短语有:little 少数的修饰不可数名词但两者都表否定意义女口： He has few friends.他没有几个朋友。There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。练习 have quite frie nds. I feel veryhappy.A. few B. a few C. littleD. a li

11、ttle7. most of 的大多数女口： most of the time 大多数时间练习 is popular with of them like playing it.a. Most B . Few C. Much D. Little8. Still no one seemedto be bored. 仍然没有人感到烦闷。)seem意为 好像；似乎；看来,是个连系动词，构成的fseemto do sth. 好像做某事 如class.他们似乎上课说They seemto talk in话。seem (to be) +adj. 似乎ill yesterday.昨天他似乎如口： He see

12、med( to be)病了。It seemsthat + 从句似乎was ill yesterday.昨天他似女口： It seemsthat _he乎病了。练习 1.Frank, itthat you like to work withan imals.Yes, I like animals very much.A. looks B . seems C. sounds D . tastes2 ） bored作形容词，意为“烦闷的；厌倦的”其主语是某人；而boring也是形容词，其主语是某物。女口：Myparents ask meto do homeworkall day. I feel bo

13、red.我父母整天叫我做作业，我感到很厌倦。Doi ng homework all day is a little bori ng. 整天做作业有点无聊。相类似的词语还有：in terestedadj. 感兴趣的in teresti ngadj. 有趣的surprised adj.感至惊奇的 surpris ing adj. 惊奇的tired 累的tiri ng令人疲惫的amazed 惊讶的amaz ing令人惊讶的练 习book is .Ifeel .A. bori ng , bori ngB. bored , bori ngC. bori ng,bored D. bored , bored

14、9. 辨析：get to/reach/arrive牢记：相同点：都是“到达“的意思不同点：get to+ 地点/reach+地点arrive at+小地点（车站等）/arrive in+大地点（国 家等）注意：若他们后面要加地点副词here,there,home等，则不需要加介词。练习 SmithsNew York at 8:00 last night.at B. got to10. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做乐意做女口： She enjoysexcited 兴奋的excit ing令人兴奋/激动的playing football.她喜欢踢足球。enjoy on eself过得

15、愉快女口： He enjoyed himself. 他过得很愉快。跟它意思相近的词组还有 have a good great time , have fun。练习 you enjoy photos ?A.to take11. decide意为“决定”，是动词。它的名词形式为decision。 构成的短语有：decide to do sth.*decide on doing sth.决定做某事make a decisi on to do sth.决定不要做某事，要用 decide not to do sth. 。女口： Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing .李

16、雷已经决定去北京。练习 pare nts decide to the beach this week.A. goB. goesC. togoD. goingdecidedthe museum this Sun day.A. visit B . Visits C . visiting D . to visit12. nothing.but.意为“除 之外； 只有”，女口：I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long.我整天除了看电视什么也没干。13 . feel like意为：“有什么感觉；感受到”，后跟宾语从句。另外，构成短语feel like

17、doing sth.意为“想做某事”。 如：I felt like I was a bird.我感觉我是一只鸟。I feel like eati ng.我想吃东西。14. because of , because :because of +名词/代词/名词性短语女如： I had to movebecause of my job.因为工作的原因我得搬家because + 从句女口： I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。练习 have to stay at home the heavy rain.A. because B. because of C. b

18、ut D. andSun day we did nt go outthe rain.A. because of B . becauseC. in front of D . before我们学校来Please take your book to your school.你的学校去。请把你的书带到足够形容词+ enough女口： beautiful enough足够漂亮enough +名词 女口： enough food 足够食物enough to足够去做女口： I have eno ugh money to go to Beiji ng.我有足够的钱去北京。15. below意为“在 下面”，其

19、反义词为above，意为 “在上面”练习 1. The weather was really cold yesterday.was fivezero last ni ght.A. under B . belowC. down D. between16. bring + 地点，意为“带来”，其反义词是take。如：Please bring your book to our school.请把你的书带至 UShe is old eno ugh to go to school.她够大去读书了。18. so that 如此以致于引导结果状语从句， so后面接形容词、副词.that 后 面跟从句。女口：

20、 She was so sad that she couldn t say a word. 她悲伤得一句话也说不出来。1、由 some, any, no, every力口上 one, body, thing构成不定代词，成为复合不定代词19. taste good尝起来很好吃。taste系动词用法“尝起来” 后+形容词。其他表示状态的系动词有：feel （觉得）keep（保持）stay （保持）seem（好像）look （看来像）smell（闻起来）sou nd （听起来）taste （尝起来）系动词与形容词连用I feel sick 。 我感至U难受。 Keep quiet , please

21、 ! 请安 静下来！The weather stays very hot。天气非常热。 He seems very clever。他好像很聪明。Jim looks like his father。吉姆长得像他父亲。The fish smells terrible.这鱼闻起来坏了。That sounds a good idea。那听起来是个好主意。The souptastes very delicious。这汤尝起来非常香。语法onebodythi ng2、用法（1）复合不 定代词相当 于名词，在 句中可以用 作主语、宾 语和表语。Some one issomesome onesomebodys

22、omethi nganyanyoneanybodyan ythi ngeveryevery oneeverybodyeverythingnono onenobodyno thi ngknocking at复合不定代词the door.I don t have anything to say today.Money isn t every th i ng.(2) 复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式修饰时，形容词和 动词不定式后置。I have something important to tell you.There is nothing wrong with the radio.(3) 复合不定

23、代词做主语时，表示单数概念，谓语动词用单 词形式。Everything begins to grow in spring.(4) some-不定代词用在肯定句中或者表示请求的一般疑问 句中；any-不定代词多用于疑问句中否定句中Will you ask some one to carry the box for meWould you like something to drink（5）anyone和anything也可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何人” 和“任何事”。Anyone can do it.I can do anything for you.巩固练习： .I can t hear an

24、yth ing = I can hear. .There is on the floor. Please pick it up. .No onehow to do it. A. know B. knowsC. knowing D. knew .There sin the newspaper. You should readit.A. important somethingB. something boring-lookedlive -study -C. boring somethingD. something important.二一般过去时的规则动词和不规则动词（一）规则变化构成规则：在动词

25、末尾直接加-ed .例如，work -worked , lookplay - played以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d .例如,lived , hope - hoped , use - used以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i再加-ed .例如，studied , carry - carried , worry - worried以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写最后的辅音字母，再力口 -ed . 例女口， stop - stopped , plan planned(二)不规则变化1. 没有变化，即：与动词原形一样。例如，cut - cut , put-put, read

26、- read2. 变化元音，例女口， write- wrote , know knew, come - came3. 变化辅音，例女口， make - made , spend - spent, send-sent4. 辅音和元音都变化，例如， leave - left, teach - taught, think - thought5. 其他情况，例女口， is - was , are - were , have - had练习( have ) a good time with my familyin that city last year.2. Helen often(go )shoppi

27、ngon Sundays3. Tony ( not finish ) his homework on timeyesterday .4. your parents ( buy ) you a gift foryour last birthday5. my father often(ride ) his bike towork .6. Where youlunch ?At home. There was no schooI lunch.A. did, have B. are, having C. will, have D. do,have巩固练习单项选择1. Did you doon your

28、vacation, Alicefun anything funsomethi ng2. Did you goa. interesting somewhereinterestingin teresti ngan ywhere3. I went to summer.a. vacati ons4. Where did you govacationA. tO5. Andthe bad weather, wecouldn t see anythingbelow.a. andof6. kind girl Jenny is!a. What B. What a C. How D. How a7. Did yo

29、u studyyour testa. on8. I didn t bring back anything from Malaysia.at allA.Somethi ng9. She isn tto carry the box.a. eno ugh str ongeno ughyoungeno ugh10. 一-Oh, dear, we havefood left.-一 don t worry. I II go and buy some.a. a few little11. did you go last weekend I went to the mountains with my clas

30、smates.A. How B. When C. Where D. Whothe boysto the park anda good timethere.A. go; have B . went; haveC. go; had D . went; had13. Did you like your vacationwas great.A. Yes, I was B . No, I wasntC. Yes, I did D. No, I didnt14. How was your vacation , Gracehad a wonderful time.A. It is bad B . It wa

31、s greatC. It was bad D . It is great15. I could nt do anything but study for the tests during the vacation.parents are too strict（严格的）with youA. Sounds terrible B . No problemC. For sure D . Good ideawas your vacation . I liked it very much.A. Very bad B. Wonderful C. Im fine D. Have agood time17. W

32、hat would you likeWed like twoand some beef soup.A. bowls of rices B . bowl of riceC. bowls of rice D . bowl of ricesate a big bowl of noodles five minutes rm notA. tried B . hungryC. cold D . busy19. May I use your dictionary , Cindy, here you are.二、句型转换。A. Sorry B . Great C . Thanks D . Of course1. I went to New York City.（对划线部分提问）20. Did you lear n En glish bydid youon vacati on taught me.（