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汽车 轴套 工艺 自动 上下 机构 设计

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摘要本次毕业设计是围绕着CA141型汽车的后桥相配合和连接其内的汽车半轴套筒的工艺工装来展开的。容主要包括以下几个方面：设计零件的加工工艺、一套专用夹具，设计上料和下料机构及其相关的液压、电控系统。自动化早已成为工业生产的主流，在成批大量生产率很高，机动工时很短的情况下，自动上下料机构是一项重复而复杂的工作。为了提高生产率，减轻体力劳动，保证安全生产，所以采用自动上下料机构来代替人类的工作。一个好的上下料装置应达到：(1)提高装备生产率和工人劳动生产率，显著减轻工人的劳动强度。(2)工作稳定可靠，运转噪声小，不会损坏工件，使用寿命长。(3)结构紧凑、简单、最大限度采用标准化零件通用性好、易于制造维修成本低。自动上下料机构是本次设计中的一个重要和特殊的部分，所谓上料、下料机构是指在相关的加工过程中实现自动给料和自动送料的机械装置。它是利用机械传动机构与液压系统、电控系统相配合，实现自动工作循环。液压传动具有许多优点，如结构紧凑，体积小，重量轻，反应快，承载能力大；较易实现无级调速，调速比大；运动平稳；易于实现自动化；特别是采用电液联合传动时，能实现较复杂的自动化工作循环；具有自润滑能力；磨损小，寿命长；液压元件易于实现通用化、标准化，便于大批量生产。液压传动有如此多的优点，因此，本次所设计的自动上下料机构的驱动方式就采用液压驱动，并由PLC来控制。关键词：CA141型汽车、液压传动系统、PLCAbstractThis graduate design is around the automotive empress in the type of CA141 bridge matches each other to match to pack to launch with the car half stalk a that link the craft work of its inside of.Permit to include primarily below a few aspects:Designing the spare parts processes the craft, a set of appropriations tongs, designing the top anticipate with descend to anticipate organization and its related liquids press, give or get an electric shock to control the system.The automation has become the main current that industry produce early, at criticize to mass-produce the rate very high, the very short circumstance in mobile man-hour is next, the auto anticipates up and down organization is work that a repetition but complicacy. For the sake of increase rate of production, alleviate manual labor, guarantee the safety production, so the adoption anticipates the organization up and down automatically to replace human work. A good anticipate up and down the device should attain:(1) increase the material rate of production labor the rate of production with the worker, showing the labor strength that alleviate worker.(2) the work stability is dependable, revolving the voice of is small, cant damage work piece, the service life is long.(3) the construction tightly packed, simple and biggest limit adoption standardizes the good and easy to manufacturing in general use in spare parts maintains the cost low.The auto anticipates up and down the organization is an importance of this design inside with the special part, it is so-called to ascend to anticipate, descend to anticipate the organization is a machinery to points to realizes in relatedly process process auto give anticipate with send to anticipate automatically.It is to makes use of the machine spread to move the organization press with liquid the system and give or get an electric shock to control the system match each other to match, realizing auto work circulation.The liquid presses to spread to move to have many advantages, such as construction tightly packed, the physical volume is small, the weight is light, responding quick, load the ability is big; Than realizes to have no easily the class adjust soon, adjust to compare soon big; The sport is steady ;Apt to realize automation; Adopt to give or get an electric shock especially the liquid unites to spread to move, can realize complicated automation work circulation; Have from the lubrication ability; Wear away small, the life span is long; The liquid presses a piece apts to realize in general use turn, standardizing, the easy to large quantity measures production. The liquid presses to spread to move such many advantages, therefore, an auto for designing anticipates up and down the organization drives the way and then adopt the liquid presses to drive, and from PLC to control.Key words: CA141 type car , liquid presses system, PLC前 言毕业设计是学生的最后一个教学环节，全国高教机械设计及制造专业教学指导委员会第三次会议记要指出，“毕业设计题目应该以产品（或工程）设计类题目为主，尤其要鼓励去工厂从高真实产品设计”。在实际工程设计中，学生可以得到所学过的理论基础，技术基础，专业课全面的训练，为将来做好机械设计工程师的工作，提供全面的锻炼机会。我们这次毕业设计题目，是结合老师的具体研制项目设立的，我们在实习厂所参观的并以以往设备为参考，结合所学机械各方面知识，在老师指导下，查阅许多手册，经过不断的改进，最终设计出了此次冲底专用机构，从而避免了加工质量差，生产效率低，设备昂贵的问题。我此次毕业设计的任务是汽车半轴套自动上下料机构，在崔广臣老师的辅导下，对原有的结构进行了改进，从而可以减少劳动强度。计算正确，五张零号图纸，符