2005-2017年历年考研英语二翻译真题(推荐文档)

1、 2005 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题it is not easy to talk about the role of the mass media in this overwhelmingly significant phase ineuropean history. history and news become confused, and ones impressions tend to be a mixture ofskepticism and optimism. 46) television is one of the means by which these feelin

2、gs are created andconveyed - and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as inthe recent events in europe.the europe that is now forming cannot be anything other than its peoples, their cultures and nationalidentities. with this in mind we can begin to ana

3、lyze the european television scene. 47) in europe, aselsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful: groups which bring together television,radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another. one italianexample would be the berlusconi group, whil

4、e abroad maxwell and murdoch come to mind.clearly, only the biggest and most flexible television companies are going to be able to compete insuch a rich and hotly-contested market. 48) this alone demonstrates that the television business is not aneasy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statis

5、tics that show that out of eighty european televisionnetworks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.moreover, the integration of the european community will oblige television companies to cooperatemore closely in terms of both production and distribution.49) creating a “european identity” that respe

6、cts the different cultures and traditions which go tomake up the connecting fabric of the old continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice - thatof producing programs in europe for europe. this entails reducing our dependence on the northamerican market, whose programs relate to experien

7、ces and cultural traditions which are different fromour own.in order to achieve these objectives, we must concentrate more on co-productions, the exchange ofnews, documentary services and training. this also involves the agreements between european countriesfor the creation of a european bank for te

8、levision production which, on the model of the europeaninvestments bank, will handle the finances necessary for production costs. 50) in dealing with a challengeon such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “unit ed we stand, divided we fall” - and if i had to choose aslogan it would be “unity in ou

9、r diversity.” a unity of objectives that nonetheless respect the variedpeculiarities of each country. 2006 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题is it true that the american intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? i amgoing to suggest that it is not true. father bruckberger told part of th

10、e story when he observed that it is theintellectuals who have rejected america. but they have done more than that. they have grown dissatisfiedwith the role of intellectual. it is they, not america, who have become anti-intellectual.first, the object of our study pleads for definition. what is an in

11、tellectual? 46) i shall define him asan individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a socratic(苏格拉底) way about moral problems.he explores such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then byasking moral q

12、uestions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factualand moral information which he has obtained. 47) his function is analogous to that of a judge, who mustaccept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which ledhim

13、to his decision.this definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals - the average scientist,for one. 48) i have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution ofmoral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the

14、 factual aspects of thoseproblems.like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in the everyday performance of his routineduties - he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports. 49) buthis primary task is not to think about the moral code which go

15、verns his activity, any more than abusinessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. duringmost of his waking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.the definition also excludes the majority of teachers, despite t

16、he fact that teaching has traditionallybeen the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living. 50) they may teach very well and morethan earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problemswhich involve moral judgment.this description even fits the

17、majority of eminent scholars. being learnedin some branch of human knowledge is one thing, living in public and ill ustrious thoughts,” as emersonwould say, is something else. 2007 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题the study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual disciplinein european univ

18、ersities. however, only in recent years has it become a feature ofundergraduate programs in canadian universities. (46) traditionally, legal learning hasbeen viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessarypart of the intellectual equipment of an educated perso

19、n.happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itselfin a number of canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degreesin law.if the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a generaleducation, its aims and metho

20、ds should appeal directly to journalism educators. law isa discipline which encourages responsible judgment. on the one hand, it providesopportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. (47) on the other,it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is paralle

21、l to the linksjournalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.for example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at workin the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. sharpeningjudgment by absorbing and reflec

22、ting on law is a desirable component of a journalistsintellectual preparation for his or her career.(48) but the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly thanan ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions andspecialresponsibilities of the news me

23、dia.politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists.the better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reportingwill be. (49) in fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear graspof the basic features of th

24、e canadian constitution can do a competent job on politicalstories.furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjectsfor journalists. while the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is aunduereliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplie

25、d to them by lawyers. (50)while comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable forjournalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments.these can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system. 2008 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题read the

26、 following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into chinese. yourtranslation should be written carefully on answer sheet 2. (10 points)in his autobiography, darwin himself speaks of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty.he points out that he always experienced much

27、 difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely, but(46) he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him tothink long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and inhis own observations.he disclaimed t

28、he possession of any great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished huxley.(47) he asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was verylimited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.his memory, too

29、, he described as extensive, but hazy. so poor in one sense was it that he never couldremember for more than a few days a single date or a line of poetry. (48) on the other hand, he did notaccept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he hadno powe

30、r of reasoning.this, he thought, could not be true, because the “origin of species” is one long argument from thebeginning to the end, and has convinced many able men. no one, he submits, could have written itwithout possessing some power of reasoning. he was willing to assert that “i have a fair sh

31、are ofinvention, and of common sense or judgment, such as every fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have,but not, i believe, in any higher degree.” (49) he adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to thecommon run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them ca

32、refully.”writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his mind hadchanged during the preceding twenty or thirty years. up to the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of manykinds gave him great pleasure. formerly, too, pictures had given him considerable,

33、 and music very great,delight. in 1881, however, he said: “now for many years i cannot endure to read a line of poetry. i havealso almost lost my taste for pictures or music. ” (50) darwin was convinced that the loss of these tasteswas not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to

34、 the intellect, and more probably to themoral character. read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into chinese. yourtranslation should be written carefully on answer sheet 2. (10 points)there is a marked difference between the education which every one gets from l

35、iving with others,and the deliberate educating of the young. in the former case the education is incidental; it is natural andimportant, but it is not the express reason of the association.46 it may be said that the measure of theworth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improvi

36、ng experience; but this effect is not apart of its original motive.religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and toward off evil influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity;systematic labor, for the m

37、ost part, because of enslavement to others, etc. 47only gradually was theby-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directivefactor in the conduct of the institution.even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousne

38、ss and thrift, the intellectualand emotional reaction of the forms of human association under which the worlds work is carried onreceives little attention as compared with physical output.but in dealing with the young, the fact of association itself as an immediate human fact, gains inimportance.48

39、while it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon theirdisposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults.the need of training is too evident; the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is toourgent to leave these consequences wholly out of a

40、ccount. 49since our chief business with them is toenable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or no we are forming thepowers which will secure this ability.if humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is itsdistinctively hum

41、an effect we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealingswith the young.50 we are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so farconsidering, a more formal kind of education - that of direct tuition or schooling. in undeveloped s

42、ocialgroups, we find very little formal teaching and training. these groups mainly rely for instilling neededdispositions into the young upon the same sort of association which keeps the adults loyal to their group. 2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试（英语二）46.directions:in this section there is a text in english .tra

43、nslate it into chinese. write your translationon answer sheet2.(15points)“suatainability” has become apopular word these days, but to ted ning, the concept will alwayshave personal meaning. having endured apainful period of unsustainability in his own life made itclearto him that sustainability-orie

44、nted values must be expressed though everyday action and choice.ning recalls spending aconfusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. hed been though thedot-com boom and burst and,desperate for ajob,signed on with a boulder agency.it didint go well. “it was a really had move because thats not m

45、y passion,” says ning, whosedilemma about the job translated, predictably,into a lack of sales. “i was miserable, i had so muchanxiety that i would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. i had no money andneeded the job. everyone said, just wait, youll trun the corner, give it

46、some time.”section translation最近，“承受力”坚持不懈”成了一个流行词，但对ted ning来说，他对其含义有自己亲身的体会。在经历了一段无法承受的痛苦生活后，他清楚的认识到，旨在提高承受力的价值观只有通过每日的行为和抉择才能得到体现。ning回忆起九十年代后期销售保险那困惑的一年。在经历了网络泡沫的膨胀和破灭后，他急需找到一份工作，因此就与boulder公司签了约。但情况并不顺利。“这的确是糟糕的一步，因为它激不起我的工作热情，”ning说。不出所料，工作上的进退维谷造成他销售业绩不佳。“我很痛苦，愁肠百结，常常在半夜惊醒，望着天花板发愣。我身无分文，需要这份工

47、作。大家都说，等等看，过一段时间情况会好转的。” who would have thought that, globally, the it industry produces about the same volumes of greenhouse gases as themany everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. a google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 gramsof co2 depending on how many attempts are needed

48、to get the “right” answer. to deliver results to its users quickly,then, google has to maintain vast data centres round the world, packed with powerful computers.while producing large quantities of co2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be wellair-conditioned, which u

49、ses even more energy.however, google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. monitoring isthe first step on the road to reduction, but there is much to be done, and not just by big companies.从全球范围来看，有谁会想到 it 行业释放的温室气体与全球航空公司产生的一样多呢？它大约占总二氧化碳总排量的 2%。许多日常工作

50、对环境造成了令人震惊的破坏。根据每次你搜索并得到正确答案的尝试次数，谷歌会排放0.2至 7 克的二氧化碳。为了迅速将结果传递给用户，谷歌在全球设置了大量充斥着能量巨大的电脑的数据中心。这些电脑在排放大量二氧化碳的同时，也产生大量的能量。因此，这些数据中心需要良好的空调降温，这又会同时产生大量的能量。然而，谷歌和其他技术提供商严密检测他们的效果并不断进行改进。监控是减排的第一步，但这仍任重道远，且不仅只由大公司来承担。 2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试when people in developing countries worry about migration,they are usua

51、lly concerned at the prospect of therbest and brightest departure to silicon valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world ,these are the kindof workers that countries like britian ,canada and australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilegecollege graduates 。lots

52、of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely toemigrate .a big survey of indian households in 2004 found that nearly 40%of emigrants had more than a high-schooleducation,compared with around 3.3%of all indians over the age of 25.this brain drain h

53、as long bothered policymakers in poor countries ,they fear that it hurts their economies ,deprivingthem of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities ,worked in their hospitals and come upwith clever new products for their factories to make 。2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试i can pick

54、a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where i was, what happened in the news and even theday of the week, ive been able to do this, since i was 4.i never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs. my mind seems to be able to cope andthe information is stored away ne

55、atly.when i think of a sad memory, i do what everybody does try to put it to one side. i dont think its harder for me justbecause my memory is clearer. powerful memory doesnt make my emotions any more acute or vivid. i can recall the day my grandfather died and thesadness i felt when we went to the

56、hospital the day before. i also remember that the musical hair opened on broadwayon the same day they both just pop into my mind in the same way.most people would define optimism as endlessly happy, with a glass thats perpetually half fall. butthats exactly the kind of false deerfulness that positiv

57、e psychologists wouldnt recommend.healthy optimists means being in touch with reality. says tal ben-shahar, a harvard professor,according to ben- shalar, realistic optimists are these who make the best of things that happen, but notthose who believe everything happens for the best.ben-shalar uses th

58、ree optimistic exercisers. when he feels down-sag, after giving a bad lecture-hegrants himself permission to be human.he reminds himself that mot every lecture can be a nobel winner; some will be less effective than others.next is reconstruction, he analyzes the weak lecture, leaning lessons, for the future about what works andwhat doesnt.finally, there is perspective,