英语毕业论文127：论雪莱的自由之路

1、analysis of shelleys freedom road论雪莱的自由之路abstractthe european revolution broke out in 1848. there were impoverished people who strived for the freedom everywhere. shelley is rebellious when he is a child. he pursues the individual freedom, the freedom of thought which is the common goal of people in

2、 his era. he merges the two into a whole. for this reason, he has endured the pains that the ordinary people could not have beared.at first, the thesis introduces the social context, the living condition, and his characters. it introduces his living conditions from field place, the place where he wa

3、s born, to ireland, to italy, and to rome. these are the places he visited, and also are the road of the development of his mind. and then the thesis gives analysis to some of his master pieces such as: queen mab written in 1813 which shows the path of his mental development, and symbolizes the begi

4、nning of shelleys writing. as for his later works, the revolt of islam and the cenci and prometheus unbound, they demonstrate that he tries to give an answer for the muttons by means of poem. he thinks the nature can give him inspiration. during his lifetime, he writes many poems about the nature, f

5、or example: to skylark, ode to west wind, etc. in the end, it comes to the conclusion that no matter what difficulty shelley faces, he does not give up easily. he holds to his convictions in his entire lifetime and never changes.key wordsfreedom; progress; poetry 摘要在1848年，欧洲革命四起，到处是贫困的人民，到处都是争取自由的斗争

6、雪莱从小就富于反抗精神他本人追求人身的自由，思想的自由而时代的目标也是追求人类的自由他将两者融为一体为此，他忍受了常人没有有过的痛苦，过着漂泊的一生在论文中,首先介绍的是引起雪莱心理变化发展的因素从当时的社会环境，他自身的生活环境，以及他的个性性格进行分析，然后通过分析他的代表诗作去分析他的思想具体从心理学的角度去分析作品中隐含的中心思想，以及同一时期作者本身的经历对作品创作本身的影响主要介绍了生活背景,以时间为顺序,从菲尔德庄园,到爱尔兰,到意大利,再到罗马.这是他所走过的路,同时也是他的心里发展的一个过程.然后,我选择了他的一些代表作来进行分析.写于1813年的麦布女王是诗人写作生涯的真正

7、开始.伊斯兰的起义、钦起、解放了的普罗米修斯,这三部作品都表明了诗人极力以诗歌的形式来对当前的问题做出回答.同时,作者本身还很热爱大自然.他认为自然可以给他灵感.诗人同样也作了很多关于自然的诗歌,比如:致云雀.在论文里,我介绍了他的另一篇代表作西风颂.最后,得出结论:不论遇到什么样的困难,雪莱都不轻易放弃.一生坚持他自己的信念一直没有改变过.关键词自由；历程；诗歌 introductionlife is precious and love is merely valuable, yet for the sake of freedom both can be sacrificed. petofi

8、percy bysshe shelley was born on august 4, 1792, at field place, near horsham in sussex, into an aristocratic family. shelley, as a poet, is appraised in great britain encyclopedia like this, at a great poetrys age, he writes the greatest love poetry, the greatest tragedy, the greatest lyric poetry,

9、 the greatest elegy poetry, and much other incomparable poetry.shelley writes many poems in all his life. he put his eyes on the glorious future through the political darkness and his own bitter. he aims at building a perfect world that everybody could enjoy the freedom and the happiness. after his

10、death, his wife, mary, publishes many of his poems. at last, shelley becomes the heart of hearts(the epitaph to shelley). because what he knows and feels just is the inner feeling of the inner heart.guo moruo speaks very highly of shelley, he is the child of nature, the atheisms disciple, the pionee

11、r of revolutionary idea. his poetry is his life, and his life is a wonderful poem. the poem which is not written whole heartedly is not really a poem. i. historical contextleontief has said, the analysis of an individuals mental process mostly depends on the individuals livelihood in the social cond

12、ition and paeticular condition.in england, the industrial revolution changes the society thoroughly (at the beginning of 19 century). the society is divided into two parts. one group is the nobility, the capitalist and the riches. the other group is the poor proletariat. but the proletariat is very

13、weak. the nobility holds the power in their hands. under the control of the reactionary forces, the labor movement does not stop. so there comes into being the england romantic literature.the england romantic literature first originates in the poetry field, and the representatives all are poets. bec

14、ause of advocating natural world, and stressing emotion, and perusing ideal, the new trying and satisfying get an unprecedented broad free space. as well as there are more talent poets, under their great efforts, the language art get into a brand new developing stage. especially the lyric poem, it g

15、ets into the unprecedented mature state.these romantic poets guide the england poetry to the stage of the heights of the world literature. but the highest achievement of lyric poems is made by shelley. he is acknowledged as one of the few best lyric poets. even his philosophic poem, narrative poem,

16、and his prose also are filled with strong emotion.shelley is one of the learned persons (on 19th century). he is born with a silver spoon in his mouth, but shows compassion for the poor people when he is a child. he engaged in the political and social activity enthusiasm but failed. after that, he i

17、s forced to move to italy, and then, becomes a professional writer.during the time of staying in italy, he also pays close attention to the political struggle and social condition in england and some european countries. ii. the life of the rebellious poetin the normal conditions, the main inmpetus i

18、n producing literary works comes from the areas outside the literature. the most important creation mood is the social mood. the social mood is caused by the social life, and the social condition.a. field placepercy bysshe shelley is born into a rich family. his father is a rather conservative membe

19、r of parliament, and fears the new idea like fearing fire. his mother is the famous beauty in sussex. shelley, like his mother, is handsome, gentle and elegant. but his mother thinks that the ideal man shall be strong and elegant. so his mother dislikes him. in his childhood, he always feels constra

20、ined, bounded, depressed and alone.in front of his house, there are the large square, and garden, and big forest. when spring comes, in the shade of the green, the house is so beautiful. and shelley spends his childhood here.the elegant nature edifies the poet. but the critical family rule leaves hi

21、m with a feeling of deep hurt.b. punishment to the antitheisthe goes to oxford university where he and a close friend write a pamphlet named the necessity of atheism (in 1810).every time he returns to field place, there will be full of happiness. but before he writes the pamphlet, he has written to

22、his sister to publicize the atheism idea, his mother does not allow her daughters to contact with him any more. and harriet also is engaged herself to another gentleman.the sudden changes make him suffer great strike in spirit. so when he returns to university, he writes the pamphlet.after the publi

23、cation of the pamphlet, he and his friend are expelled. his father also breaks off all the economy supplies. this is another great blow to him. but for the great ideas, he does not lower his head to his father. for defending individual dignity and freedom of belief, he pays enormous price. deprived

24、economy is a intense cruelly oppression that he can not control, and it makes him dreadful and despaired. c. the marriage in scotlandfor defending individual dignity and freedom of belief, he pays enormous price. so shelley goes to london and then fall in love with a young girl, harriet westbrook. t

25、he girl is attracted by shelleys revolutionary ideas and doctrines. shelley considers harriet as the incarnation of the goddess. harriet also just pays more attention to his family and his money. to help the unlucky girl, he decides to elope with harriet. they go to edinburgh and get a runway marria

26、ge.shelleys marriage shows his treasonous inspiration, and his distinct individuality. he maintains his dignity at any cost.d. the christ of irelandthey go to kaxic, the capital of kenbelan, where the mountains, the rivers and the clouds give shelley unforgettable impression (in 1811). however he pa

27、ys more attention to the peoples poor life.he goes to ireland where he encourages the people to stand up for their rights (in 1812). the pair spends the following two years distributing pamphlets and speaking against political injustice.there are tribulations everywhere in england. but under the con

28、trol of the england government, the irish people have more and more poor life.to realize the socialism, he goes to duberlin where he finds that the people there are poorer than the people in ireland. in the letter he has written to godwin, the poor people in duberlin are the poorest people. there ar

29、e hundreds of thousands of people in a small alley. i felt that i must lesson those people who have trampled on the poor people and lead them to the worst condition more than death.so he publishes address to the irish people, and expresses the eroticization to the capitalists, and shows his famous v

30、iew about the condition and calls up their minds of striving for independence. he publishes the bill of rights. the poem shows the irish could get their freedom and independence by non-violent means. but he also realizes that his struggle can not have any effects.he has a genius foresight, and reali

31、zes the unavoidability of the failure, and the coming victory.e. the regeneration of the goddessthe pair goes to duberlin (in 1813). harriet has a daughter, and then harriet have a big change. she pays no attention to the family, revels in enjoyment. shelley always has a simple life. because of the

32、difference in life-style and aspiration, the barrier between them increases bigger. shelley is very dejected. he finally realizes that his wife is not his real goddess.he meets mary (one day on july in 1813). he finds the perfect embodiment of the heros spirit, and the womans tenderness from marry,

33、and thinks mary as the ideal woman. mary knows shelleys unlucky family from his words, and she also tells shelley her inner pang. he thinks that mary is the real incarnation of the goddess.he wants to stay with mary. he also knows that harriet have abandoned him. so he determines to tell harriet his

34、 mind has been caught with marry, and has no way to shake off marys charm.shelley often is sanguine. he tramples on the traditional rules and laws. but he has suffered great pains in his mind. it just is the true embodiment that the social pressure presses a kindhearted but wounded soul. he tramples

35、 on the ruling classs marriage rule again, and decides to abscond with mary. f. the angel of poor peopleshelley gets marriage with mary. after that, they want to have a real and lasting family. they buy a house in mara town.the town is very small. after living for a certain time, all the people know

36、 the handsome man just is evil person shelley who has been banished to deprive of bringing up the children. people pay more attention to the little girl, alalie. she has no father. the upper class wants to beat him to death, so they frame that the little girl is shelleys daughter. mary has said the

37、little girl is the child of her friend. but people find that claire have special feeling to alalie.but shelley also becomes the towns angel. because of the napoleonic wars, the market is depressed, and the price have soared, and the salary have lowered, and the number of unemployment have increased

38、in england, people always organize protests and strike to revolt. however the government suppresses their resistance by all means. shelley helps the poor people in his power. for example, he walks on the road and meets an old woman without any shoes, and gives her his own shoes, and then goes home.

39、and these things change the peoples view to him. so as to forty years later, the mara people say that everywhere that shelley have been is holy.g. the bright spring in romeshelley leaves to italy with mary and claire and the children (in 1813). italy is the hometown of the traditional rome literatur

40、e. there he exerts his ability of writing.but the claires death breaks the peace. for beguiling his sorrow, they decide to go to rome (in 1819).the sun shines and it is very warm and suitable in spring in rome. he feels the power of life and the desire of writing.his only son williams die (on june i

41、n 1819). the unlucky event takes out their happiness and peace. it is lucky that mary have had another baby. for taking care of mary, they decide to go to florence.for the pairs who love the rome literature and natural beauty, the florence itself is the best doctor, and also is the hometown of dante

42、 whom is worshipped by shelley. they feel comfortable living here. mary have a boy named percy florence to commemorate the city that give them happiness and new hopes (on november in 1819).h. the last stormshelley suffers many prosecutions in his life. so he pays no more attention to the other thing

43、s except his friends.he always indulges in reveries about the future, so as to forget who exists. he sees many ugly events in life, and only gets the beauty from nature and his friends to ease his heart.to welcome his friend leigh hunt, he sails to leghorn. during the stormy return voyage to lerici,

44、 his small schooner the ariel sink and shelley drown with edward williams on july 8, 1822.iii. the analysis of some of his master piecesjust like his life, his poems also have strong revolutionary temperament. in his works, he reseals the realitys evil, and longs for the future and explores the way

45、of the revolution. so he suffers the ruling classs unfair treatment, even persecution. but they can not block the spirit of fight.a. the real beginning of his writing-queen mabthe english government pays attention to shelley because of what he does in ireland. so he goes to london (on october, 1812)

46、, and stays here for only one month. but it is an important beginning for his mind, his writing and his life.one day, he visits godwin with harriet. and then, the two families make a friendship.shelley visits the godwins every night, and they talk about philosophy, and literature. each time, fane an

47、d jane are so happy, and listen to shelley all the night. shelley talks his new idea and his illustration. the two girls admire his pretty, and his literacy, and adore his idea. but they later find that what harriet does is merely a copy of what shelley has done. after the pairs leave, the two girls

48、 always feel pity for shelley. they think that harriet is not suitable for shelley. in this family, shelley feels the real hearts harmony.he wrote his first long philosophical poem-queen mab (in 1813). it just is the beginning of his writing. in the poem, shelley summarizes his formerly idea, and sh

49、ows his present political view, and philosophical view.queen mab has been written in form of illustration. it narrates that a girl named aianti sleep, and her soul is brought into another world by the legendary magician-queen mab. the magician let her see the humans yesterday, today and tomorrow in

50、the broad universe. the poet accuses the ruling classs evil through the phenomena which have been seen by aianti.but today is the capitalists world. all the things can be acute. they make a large fortune while producing poverty, famine and disaster to the majority of people.tomorrow is the poets dre

51、am. he believes that the bright world will come, and the love and freedom will replace the tyranny in the future world. this is shelleys early social ideal.in his idea, the most valuable thing is that he believes the humanity have ideal future however the reality is dark. this optimism runs through

52、in all his works. b. the philosophical poem of the revolutionary struggle-the revolt of islamthis poem has been written when he is in mara town. it talks tends of the european after the french revolution. it also exposes the evil in europe, and describes the long-range of the ideal society.the frenc

53、h revolution convulses the europe, and has a profound effect. but the revolution suffers frustration. the big bourgeoisie usurps the production of the revolution. and napoleon practices coercion policy and make longtime war with other countries. the countries that headed by england organizes the fou

54、rth, the fifth and the sixth alliance to oppose french, and they successes (after 1806). therefore, the whole europe gets into a worse condition.because of the economic blockade and the depletion of the war, there is an economic depression in england. the price has soared, the salary has reduced, th

55、e un-employed people have increased, and the peoples life is poorer. so there are the parades and strike. but the ruling class suppresses the peoples revolt by all mean.all the europe is in the shade of darkness. thus the french revolution fails thoroughly. the advanced intelligentsia begins to thin

56、k these problems, such as, the future and the development trend of the europe. shelley tries to answer the questions in this poem, especially including his latter two dramas.the scene of the sea serves as an introduction to the revolt. in the first chapter, the pitched battle between the sneak and t

57、he hawk symbolizes the dispute among the people, and the conflict of the good and evil.the second chapter is the general programmed, and shows shelleys ideal of rebuilding the society.he believes that the suffering will past. just filling with hope and believing the power of thought, we can move the

58、 people, and call them, persuade the tyrant, and liberate the humanity. this is the thought that shelley insist on all his life. although the cruel reality always makes the poet shake, he does not break the limit of the belief, and become a real poet who insists on the violent revolutionary. it shows that shelleys social ideal is based on the theory of human nature and humanism.in the fifth chapter, it shows shelleys social ideal. he disagrees to adapt the teeth for teeth, but use love to help the enemy to change. the world needs the truth, the love, the freedom, the justice