第八章 硬质膜

1、 HSS30GPa 结合力：结合力：60N 5mmWC球，球，40N加载，加载， 200mm/s,1小时无明显小时无明显 磨损磨损 与与TiN比，比，CrTiAlN钻孔钻孔 数可多数可多1倍左右倍左右 CrTiAlN Workpiece Material: Plain Carbon Steel (EN9) 190 HV Tool: Tungsten Carbide Drills (6.4 mm ) CoatingNumber of Holes CrTiAlN328 Uncoated 7 3185rpm (64m/min) & 0.30mm/rev lubricated: 7.5% oil co

2、ncentrated water based coolant Holes: Through (19mm deep) Drilling Performance CrTiAlN Workpiece Material: Alloy Steel EN24 363HV Tool: High Speed Steel (1/4” drills) Holes: Through (12.6 mm deep) 2440rpm (48.7m/min) & 0.11mm/rev & 268mm/min lubrication: 7.5% oil concentrated water based coolant Coa

3、tingNumber of Holes CrTiAlN232 Uncoated 0 Drilling Performance CrAlTiN Cr/Ti在相当宽范围在相当宽范围 内稳定的硬度、结合力内稳定的硬度、结合力 PoD, 5 mm WC/Co ball, 200 mms-1 CrTiAlN Cr/Ti在相当宽范围在相当宽范围 内稳定摩擦磨损性能内稳定摩擦磨损性能 Uncoated Commercial TiN CrTiAlN CrTiAlN+MoST S1 S2 S3 S4 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 No. Holes Completed HV153 H

4、V147 HV144 104 132 174 183 205 226 288 345 Hardness (HV) of EN9 Test Block Drilling Speed:4050 rpm, (equivalent to 80m/min) Feed: 945mm/min Conditions: Through hole, 20mm Coolant: Cimstar MB603, 5%, Drill test Samples One fold Two fold Three fold Cr Al Ti Cr Coating Deposition - CFUMSIP - 1 Ti, 1 Al

5、, 2 Cr - Ar - N2 OEM control loop Deposition ProcessCrTiAlN 多层膜多层膜 复合的方法除多复合的方法除多 元外可形成多层，元外可形成多层， 层厚可降至纳米，层厚可降至纳米， 成为成为纳米调幅结纳米调幅结 构。构。 TiN/NbN多层多层 5nm CrTiAlN 镀程序 CrN CrTiAlN Substrate 高速钢基体高速钢基体1200 目抛光目抛光 Cr bond layer 0.2 m Cr底层底层 Graded layer 0.3 m CrTiAlN梯度层梯度层 Nanolayers 4 m CrTiAlN多层多层, ,其中其

6、中 10nm 15nm, CrN层层 6.0nm 25nm Quelle: A: Matthews, University of Hull, UK A. Matthews, University of Hull, U.K. Fracture Toughnes of a single- and multi- layer Multilayers with a modulation of elastic moduli hinder the cracks propagation 65%Ti，35%Al的TiAlN和WC形成 调幅结构，波长为10-20nm 在TiN的底层上 沉积TiAlN/WC 白色为

7、TiAlN 黑色WC Renucleation at the incoherent interface TiN+AlTiN和CrN+TiN调幅周期与硬度理论曲线 Buffer layer decreases residual stress Buffer thickness on scratch results 摩擦系数和层数关系 多层的摩擦模型 Surface and Coatings Technology 163 .164 (2003) 571.577 Cr+CrN层薄，磨损量低 Mono Multi 纳米晶超硬膜纳米晶超硬膜 纳米复合纳米复合 超硬膜结超硬膜结 构示意图构示意图 纳米晶与纳

8、米晶与 非晶结构非晶结构 纳米复合纳米复合TiN晶粒尺寸与硬度关系晶粒尺寸与硬度关系 Ti-Cu-N多元膜中Cu%与硬度关系 由于形成纳米复合结构，软金属加入也可由于形成纳米复合结构，软金属加入也可 提高硬质膜硬度提高硬质膜硬度 Grain size vs. Cu% in Ti-Cu-N TiN 199719931990 PVD Coating Development 19851987 TiCN, CrNTiAlNWC/C and MoS2C and DLC (new generation) 2000 TiAlSiN, super-lattice Hard Coatings: (TiN, Ti

9、CN, CrN, TiAlN,.) uUses: cutting and forming applications uLess efficient : Wear Protection uWhy?: High , abrasive due to hardness and surface roughness DLC uProperties: Hard, lower friction. mechanical component applications uUses: low since the coatings introduction uProblems: uHardness brittlenes

10、s uLow adhesion level load bearing capacity limited Hard coatingsLubricant coatings Me-CH Properties: Less hard, less brittle, very good adhesion, medium load bearing capacity, low friction ( 0.15). Self-Lubricants Based on MoS2(MoST) and C (Graphit-iC) uWear protection: Necessary to use a true solid lubricant to enable the protection of the opposite surface by formation of a transfer layer. uUses:MoS2: vacuum only, low load uUses: Graphite: used in