emotionally focused therapy connect gonzaga university 情绪聚焦疗法连接龚萨格大学

1、EMOTIONALLY FOCUSED THERAPY Interventions and Techniques EFT Assessment Tasks 1. Create a collaborative therapeutic alliance 2. Explore client(s) agendas for: a. The relationship b. Therapy 3. Present therapy contract 4. Assess prognostic indicators a. Degree of reactivity b. Strength of attachment

2、c. Openness or response to therapist engagement with therapy 5. Note trust/faith of female partner Taking History of the Relationship Sample questions: How long they have been together? What attracted them to each other? What was it like when things were good between them? When they fight/argue, do

3、they feel they resolve issues? How do they make up? What prompted them to come for therapy at this time? What changes would they like to see? Assessing Attachment Style Assessing Attachment History Assessing Partners Interactions Self-report questionnaires Individual sessions Identifying & Delineati

4、ng Negative Interactive Cycle Identifying the cycle Look for predominant pattern Delineating the cycle Identifying & Delineating Negative Interactive Cycle Basic Negative Cycles & Interactive Positions Pursue/Withdraw Withdraw/Withdraw Attack/Attack Complex cycles Reactive pursue/Withdraw Common Und

5、erlying Emotions of the Withdrawers and Pursuers Rejected Inadequate Afraid of failure Overwhelmed Numb frozen Afraid scared Not wanted or desired Judged, critized Hurt Alone Not wanted Invisible Isolated/disconnect ed Not important Abandoned Desperate Key Movements in Assessment Process Focus Point

6、s Clients narrative is interrupted by strong affect Affect is conspicuous by its absence Personal landmark Interactional landmark Position markers Responses to positive contact Key Movements in Assessment Process Focus Points Clients narrative is interrupted by strong affect Focus on emotional respo

7、nse Give message that it is safe and appropriate to share this experience in the session Key Movements in Assessment Process Focus Points Affect is conspicuous by its absence Explore lack of engagement in the personal experience being related Discover the significance in terms of the couples engagem

8、ent in and definition of their relationship Key Movements in Assessment Process Focus Points Personal landmark Focus on and explore story Uncover the meaning of the story from clients perspective Ask if the partner understands the clients experience Label story as unresolved issue for couple and val

9、idate associated primary or secondary emotion Key Movements in Assessment Process Focus Points Interactional landmark Observe this interaction If alliance is developing well, refer to interaction in this session Otherwise, simply take note of the interaction Key Movements in Assessment Process Focus

10、 Points Position markers Get a clear picture of the position each partner takes in response to the other Ask how each partner perceives and feels about such positions Key Movements in Assessment Process Focus Points Responses to positive contact Explore the exit from the contact Acknowledge attempts

11、 to comfort and ability to receive comfort as a strength of the relationship Basic Skills in Assessment Creating a therapeutic alliance a safe haven in therapy. Empathic Attunement Acceptance Genuineness Therapy skills used in assessment Reflection Validation Reframing & catching the bullet Reflecti

12、on Reflecting clients experience Reflecting nonverbal communication Verbal and nonverbal communication incongruence Validation Validating clients experience Careful validation Reframing Need to understand issues the clients are struggling with. Shifts focus, validates and redirects. Catching the bul

13、let Interrupting hurtful comments/negative cycles works to create safety Remember the 3 Tasks of EFT Create and maintaining a therapeutic alliance. Accessing and reformulating emotion. Restructuring key interactions. Core Interventions Once alliance is established, there are two basic tasks Explorat

14、ion and reformulation of emotional experience Restructuring of interactions Core Interventions Exploring & Reformulating Emotion Reflecting emotional experience Validation Evocative Responding Heightening Empathic Conjecture or Interpretation Exploring & Reformulating Emotion Reflecting Emotional Ex

15、perience Focusing the therapy process Building & maintaining the alliance Clarifying emotional responses underlying interactional positions Exploring & Reformulating Emotion Validation Legitimizing responses and supporting clients to continue to explore how they construct their experience and their

16、interactions Building the alliance Exploring & Reformulating Emotion Evocative Responding Expanding, by open questions, the stimulus, bodily response, associated desires and meanings of action tendency Expanding elements of experience to facilitate the re-organization of that experience Formulating

17、unclear or marginalized elements of experience and encouraging exploration and engagement Exploring & Reformulating Emotion Heightening Using repetition, images, metaphors, enactments Highlighting key experiences that organize responses to the partner and new formulations of experience that will re-

18、 organize the interaction Exploring & Reformulating Emotion Empathic Conjecture or Interpretation Clarifying and formulating new meanings, especially regarding interactional positions and definitions of self. Core Interventions Restructuring Interventions Tracking, reflecting, replaying interactions

19、 Reframing in the context of the cycle and attachment processes Restructuring and shaping interactions Restructuring Interventions Tracking, reflecting, and replaying interactions Slows down and clarifies steps in the interactional dance Replays key interactional sequences Restructuring Intervention

20、s Reframing in the context of the cycle and attachment processes Shifts the meaning of specific responses Fosters more positive perceptions of partner Restructuring Interventions Restructuring and shaping interactions Enacting present positions, enacting new behaviors based upon new emotional respon

21、ses and choreographing specific change events. Clarifies and expands negative interactional patterns Creates new kinds of dialogue and new interactional positions leads to positive cycles of accessibility and responsiveness Interventions are Experiential It is all about emotional engagement We slice

22、 it thinner until we find a level where they feel secure to engage. Once they engage we can then move to other levels. Insight is not enough to change emotions/patterns Expanding Emotional Experience Client statement: “I feel numb/empty.” Therapist: Can we just stay there a moment? (focus on process

23、) You feel numb. (reflection) When Mary says “” you feel numb. (repeat in context of cycle/interaction) Expanding Emotional Experience And they you stay silent, say nothing? (action primed by numb withdrawal) Whats that like for you, to go numb, stay numb? How do you feel as you talk about this righ

24、t now Whats happening for you as you talk about this? About going numb? Expanding Emotional Experience How do you do that? (frames client as agent in creation of experience) Thats how you protect yourself? (conjecture about function/attachment behavior) If you didnt do that what would happen? As you

25、 say that, you clench your fist tight, like holding on. That must be hard, to feel you have to numb out all the time. Expanding Emotional Experience Thats the way you have of protecting yourself here. You shut down, shut off, go somewhere else, go away, hide, chill out. Its like, I dont want to feel

26、, is that it? You cant get me? And you feel like hes not there with you? (speaking to other partner) You cant stay and here her say “,” you have to go away? Expanding Emotional Experience Can you tell here “I shut you out?” (enactment) For you its like you feel so battered, so criticized that you ar

27、e numb. Key Change Events Softening Re-engagement Softening Pre-requisites: De-escalation of negative cycle (Stage 1) Withdrawer re-engagement (Stage 2 change event) A previously hostile, critical partner accesses “softer” emotions and risks reaching out to his/her partner who is engaged and respons

28、ive. In this vulnerable state, the previously hostile partner asks for attachment needs to be met. Softening At this point, both partners are attuned, engaged and responsive (accessibility & responsiveness) A bonding event then occurs which redefines the relationship as a safe haven and a secure bas

29、e. What counselor does in softening Heightening emotions Evoking responding Creating a new dialogue Model a secure attachment (helps take a short cut for the couple) Levels of change in Softening She expands her experience and accesses attachment fears. Emotions tell us what we need. She engages her

30、 partner in a different way. She articulates emotional needs and changes her stance (position) in the dance. New emotions prime new responses Levels of change in Softening He sees her differently (afraid rather than dangerous) and is pulled towards here by her expression of vulnerability She reaches

31、 and he comforts. She sees him differently. A new compelling cycle is initiated an antidote to previous negative cycle a redefinition of the relationship as a secure. Levels of change in Softening They exhibit more open communication, flexible problem solving and resilient coping. Couple resolves is

32、sues/ problems (stage 3) There are shifts in both partners sense of self. Both can comfort and be comforted. Both are defined as “lovable” Change Events There is a relentless focus, while helping client feel safe/supported May be more directive After a change event validate every aspect of what they

33、 did be specific on what they did that worked. Contraindications of EFT Different Agendas Separating Couples Abusive Relationships Substance Abuse Depression and Other Psychiatric Illness Impasses and other clinical issues: Attachment Injuries A betrayal of trust or abandonment at crucial moment in

34、need. A form of relationship trauma defines relationship as insecure. An impasse in repair process Attachment significance is key not content. Indelible imprint only way out is through. Resolution of Attachment Injuries Articulate injury and impact. The other acknowledges hurt partners pain and elab

35、orates on the evolution of the event. The hurt partner integrates narrative and emotion. He/She accesses attachment fears and longings. The other owns responsibility, expresses regret, while staying attuned and engaged. Relationship is redefined as a safe haven. New narrative is constructed. Therapi

36、st Checklist: Beginning an EFT Session 1. What is the cycle that characterizes this relationship? 2. What are the hypothesized or acknowledged primary emotions embedded in this cycle? 3. What are the attachment issues/fears/needs? 4 Where are they in the process of change in the 9 steps? The next step/task is? 5. Are there pivotal incidents that c