西方语言学流派--系统功能语法

1、 Systemic-functional grammar VS Traditional grammar 印睿印睿 HBUT 1. Systemic functional linguistics views language as a system of choices. 2. Language and context are closely interrelated. 3. Context of situation (Register) consists of three parameters: Field, Tenor and Mode, which reflects three metaf

2、unctions of language: ideational, interpersonal and textual. 4. Context of culture (Genre) has three dimensions: the register configuration, the texts staged or schematic structure, the realization patterns in the text. The main content of SFG The differences between traditional grammar and SFG (Ger

3、ot & Wignell, 1994) Systemic-functional grammar VS Transformational-generative grammar Avram Noam Chomsky 19281928年年1212月月7 7日日 Michael Alexander Kirkwood Halliday 1925 1925年年4 4月月1313日日 Similarities *They are both schools of modern linguistics. *They both treasure synchronic description. *They both

4、 made similar concepts like langue and parole. *Their theories both undergo several stages. Theoretical origin SFG Aristotle Grammaire Gnrale et Raisonne Wilhelm von Humboldt Zellig Sabbettai Harris Protagoras Plato European functional linguistics Edward Spair Benjamin Lee Whorf Sydney Lamb Kenneth

5、L.Pike 王力 罗常培 TGG The differences between TGG and SFG Research perspectives: Psychological vs Sociological Chomskys theory initiates from his three main questions set for linguistics : a) What constitutes knowledge of language ? b) How is such knowledge acquired ? c) How is such knowledge put to use

6、 ? While Halliday focuses on the following two questions : a) What are the social functions of language ? b) How are these functions reflected in the linguistic system ? Views on the nature of language TG Grammar views language as “a form of knowing”, rather than “a form of doing” by SF Grammars poi

7、nt of view. Chomsky makes a distinction between “competence” and “performance”, while Halliday distinguishes “linguistic behavior potential” and “actual linguistic behavior”. Research methods Since SF Grammar views that language is inseparable from social activities of man, it takes actual uses of l

8、anguage as the object of study, in opposition to Chomskys TG Grammar which takes the ideal speakers linguistic competence as the object of study. So the research method of SF Grammar follows the experimental way , while the TG Grammar takes the rational way. Research features The abstract rules are

9、the prominent features of TG Grammar, while the concepts of language function and language structure are greatly emphasized in SF Grammar. References 1.Routledge Gerot,L.& Wignell,P.1994. Making sense of functional grammarM. Sydney:Antipodean Educational Enterprises. 2.Liu Runqing & Feng Zongxin, Sc

10、hools and Theories of LinguisticsM, Nanjing Normal University Press,2004. 3. Liu Xin & Lu Yaozhong,2008, The comparision between transformational- generative grammar and systemic-functional grammarJ. Language:33-41. 4. 崔冬梅,2009,转换生成语法与系统功能语法对比研究J,成都大学学报。 5.侯万春,1999，语言学中的形式主义与功能主义J,重庆师院学报(2):59-63。 6.苗兴伟,1998,系统功能语法与转换生成语法对比刍议J,外语研究(3):21-22。 7.林六辰,韩秀珍,1996,转换生成语法与系统功能语法对比J,湖南师范大学学报 （5):47-61. 8.刘润清,2002,西方语言学流派M。外语教学与研究出