路基施工工艺-三分部.

1、一、 路基施工 Earthwork construction11.1 施工准备 construction preparation 路基工程开工前，进行路基边线的测量放样工作，确定路基用地范围及路基边桩。Before the beginning of earthworks construction, survey the road edge line and set sample to assure the range of land as well as the foundation edge pile. 待清表完后，与工程师对管段内进行断面复测。After clearing and grub

2、bing, conduct the re-survey on section of length with the attendance of engineer. 为了保证施工方便，行车安全和路基稳定，在正式施工前，根据测量人员放样的路基边桩，做好清理原地面的工作。清理工作内容包括：砍伐和收集林木，拔掉树墩及树根、小树木、灌木丛、清除基底表面杂草、植被和腐蚀土、淤泥、疏松土壤。清表、砍树挖根后要及时通知监理工程师进行收方。For the construction convenient, traffic safety, and foundation steady, cleaning the gr

3、ound shall be carried out urgently based on the edge pile set down by surveyors just before the construction official starting. Cleaning work shall be composed of logging and timber collection, cleaning stump, root, young trees, bush, cutting foundation surface grass, vegetation, and removing corros

4、ive soil, mire, loose earth. Inform the supervising engineer to collect earth cubic immediately after surface cleaning and logging work. 修筑临时排水沟，疏干场内积水，使周边水不再进人场内，雨水、渗水随时排出。Build temporary ditch to dredge water within construction worksite and prevent water from worksite. And expel rain water and se

5、epage water timely.1.2 路堤施工 Embankment construction1.2.1 工艺流程 construction processes1.2.2 工序步骤 working procedures 填土 fillinga 根据松铺厚度和运土车辆容积，计算卸土间距，卸土点宜按梅花形分布。Figure out the distance between dump piles based on the thickness of earth paving and capacity of transporting truck and dump the earth pile i

6、n the ground.b 应沿横断面全宽、纵向分层填筑。当原地面高低不平时，应先从低处开始分层填筑，由两边向中部填筑，路基横断面宽度每侧宜超填30-50cm。Pave the earth in the vertical layers along the full width of section. In the case of evenness of ground, it shall be backfilled by layers starting from the low level and then from two sides to central location. On the

7、location of horizontal section width, it shall be over paved 30-50cm at both sides. c现场设专人指挥车辆按照布置的卸土点卸土。填土时，当前一填层面过干时应洒水，保持填前土面的湿润。保证填层间的结合。均匀的卸土，可以减小推土机摊铺工作量和整平难度。Appoint someone at worksite to arrange the dump pile according to the agreed dump point. While backfilling is conducting, water the con

8、structing road surface if it is too dry for a wet road surface before earth paving to ensure a great bonding between backfilling layers. A good distribution uniformity of dump pile shall decrease the scale of bulldozer operating work and difficulty of bulldozer leveling work. 摊铺、初平 paving and leveli

9、ng用推土机将填筑的土铺平，边部厚度以所挂的边线为准，中间各部位厚度用钢尺测量，同时人工铺填边部，对凸凹处铲平；清除填料中的草皮、树根等杂物。摊铺过程应控制横坡以满足排水要求。Level the paved earth with bulldozer. At the edge, the paving thickness shall be depended on the edge line; while on the middle location, take the steel ruler to measure the thickness and arrange workers to pave

10、the edge and handle the even location. Pick out the turf and roots among backfilling material and control horizontal slope for the requirements on dewatering during paving construction. 洒水 wateringa 每一层填筑过程中，应确认填料含水率、松铺厚度符合工艺试验确定的标准后，再进行碾压。最佳含水量通过试验确定。While filling every layer, it shall be ascertain

11、ed before compacting as the moisture content and paving thickness complied with the standard stated by the technical test. The best moisture content shall be decided by the test.b 洒水作业分三步进行，填土前洒水，润湿底层；初平前按计算的需要量洒足；密实碾压前再补洒1次，防止表面水分过度散失而松散。Watering should be divided into three steps: water before bac

12、kfilling for wet ground foundation; water enough water of the quantity demonstrated by statues calculation before primary leveling; water again just before closely compacting in case of backfilling material loosing because of the loss of surface water.碾压 rolling compacting a 碾压顺序应按先两侧后中间，先静压后弱振、再强振的

13、操作程序进行碾压。应遵循的原则是适度重压，严格掌握碾压遍数，禁止反复轻碾。用重型压路机振动碾压，各遍碾压采用不同的振动频率和振幅，振动频率先低后高，振幅先大后小。碾压中，检查是否出现松散和橡皮（弹簧）现象，人工及时将压松或变软的点位挖除，补填好土。Rolling compacting work shall be conducted from two sides to middle separately in the position of non-vibrate, weak vibrate, and strong vibrate. The basic principle for rolling

14、 compacting is the appropriate heavy compacting instead of repeatedly light compacting and control rolling rounds strictly. Chose the kind of heavy roller to roll respectively in different vibrate frequency and amplitude, and the vibrate frequency shall be changed from the low to the high, while the

15、 amplitude from the large to the small. Check any loosing and abounding case happened or no during rolling and appoint workers to remove the loose or soft part and backfill again. b各区段交接处，应进行重叠压实，纵向搭接长度不应小于2m，沿线路纵向行与行之间压实重叠不应小于40cm，上下两层填筑接头应错开不小于3.0m。As for the joint part between sections, compactin

16、g shall be done repeatedly and vertical lap length shall be no less than 2m and over 40cm about the compacting lap part between horizontal lines along the road direction and distance more than 3m shall be set between the joints of upper and bottom paving layer.c对于桥涵等结构物边部的碾压应控制压力和振动力，保证结构物安全。一般可采用小型

17、压实设备进行结构物边部的压实，如轻型或中型压路机、振动冲击夯、振动平板夯、手扶振动压路机等。Control the rolling pressure and vibrate forces while rolling the edge of the bridge, culvert or any other structures for the safety of structures. Generally speaking, small compacting machines can be used for rolling and compacting of structural edge li

18、ke light or mediate roller, vibrate ram, plate vibrator, handling vibrate roller etc. d碾压达到压实标准后用光轮压路机进行收面碾压，消除轮迹。 As the compacting work met the relevant standards, operate the smooth-wheel roller to eliminate previous rolling traces for smooth clean surface. 检测与报验 inspecting and testing压实完成后，通知监理工

19、程师与实验工程师进行现场检测，标高、横坡、平整度、压实度等均需要满足要求，待监理工程师检测通过后，方可进行下一步施工。With the accomplishment of the rolling and compacting, inform the supervising engineer and testing engineer to inspect at worksite on level, horizontal slope, and evenness, compactness that shall meet the related requirements and move to the

20、 next construction step after the approval from supervising engineer on inspection. 1.3 路堑施工 cutting construction1.3.1 工艺流程 technical process1.3.2 工序步骤 construction procedures 路堑开挖前应首先做好堑顶截水沟、天沟，路堑开挖过程要始终保证排水畅通。Before cutting construction, should make the ditch on cut area, to make sure the water ca

21、n flow. 路堑开挖选用多层横向挖掘法进行施工，从开挖路堑的一端或两端按横断面分层开挖至设计标高，逐渐向纵深挖掘。Cutting excavation shall be done by the method of multi-layers horizontal digging construction started with one end of excavated cutting or two ends, that means digging work shall be promoted layer by layer of cross section until reach the design vertical level. 边坡修整 slope amendment a 正确测出路堑边坡位置，经常检查边坡开挖坡度，纠正偏差。 Figure out the cutting slope location correctl