外研社英语必修一module1知识讲解及训练讲述

1、Module 1 My First Day at Senior HighPart 1 Introduction Reading and Vocabulary1 知识点1. enthusiastic adj. 热心的，热情的 enthusiasm n.热心，热情相关词组：be enthusiastic about/over/for sth 对.充满热情The boys are all enthusiastic about sports. 2. attitude to/towards . 对.态度，看法Describe your attitude towards studying English.

2、相关词组：take a positive/correct attitude towards . 对. 抱有积极地正确的态度3. instruction n. A. 指示，命令，说明说明书 （常用作复数）； B. 指示 （一般做不可数名词）相关词组：follow ones instruction 遵照某人的指示Follow the instructions on the back of the packet.知识扩展：instruct vt. 指导，命令相关词组：instruct sb to sth I have been instructed to wait here.We instructe

3、d the children in basic reading skills.4. be similar to 跟.相似 跟.差不多 be similar in 在某方面相似Are senior high teachers similar to junior high teachers?They are similar in characters.5. have fun 过的愉快，玩的开心 同义词组：enjoy oneself, have a good timehave fun doing sth 做某事开心 注意：fun 是不可数名词。We have a lot of fun in our

4、teachers class.知识扩展：a. Its no fun doing sth 做某事了无趣味Its no fun being along in a big city.b. make fun of sb 取笑某人At school the other students used to make fun of him because he was fat.6. introduce sb/oneself to sb 把某人/自己介绍给某人Let me introduce my parents to you.知识扩展：introduce sth into 把某物引进Tobacco was i

5、ntroduced into Europe from American.7. by oneself 独自地 He has done the work all by myself.辨析：by oneself, for oneself, 与of oneselfa. for oneself 为自己Do you buy the clothes for yourself?b. of oneself 自动地，自然而然地Victory will not come of itself.8. in other words 换句话说 （常在句中作插入语）Your performance in the drivin

6、g test didnt reach the required standard, in other words, you failed. 其他的插入语：a. that is to say 也就是说b. to be frank 坦率的说c. to tell the truth 老实说d. in truth 事实上，的确e. in fact=as a matter of fact 实际上f. do you think 你认为In fact, I fell asleep in the middle of his talk.Who do you think we should send to int

7、erview the famous singer?9. look forward to doing sth 期待着干某事注意to 是介词，后跟名词或动名词I am looking forward to hearing from you.二重点句型1. I live in Shijiazhuang, a city not far from Beijing.a. a city not far from Beijing, 是石家庄的同位语，起进一步解释说明的作用。Mr. Smith, a professor of Cambridge, found that the theory is not tru

8、e.a. far from 离远，远远不，一点也不as far as sb know 据某人所知so far 到现在为止，（ 与现在完成时连用） As far as I know, Jim intends to come to the party. We havent had any problem so far.2. The teacher is a very enthusiastic woman called Ms Shen.called Ms Shen 是过去分词短语作后置定语，与所修饰的词是逻辑上的动宾关系。相当于定于从句：The teacher is a very enthusias

9、tic woman who is called Ms Shen.We visited the new building built three weeks ago.注：现在分词作定语与所修饰的词是逻辑上的主谓关系。Do you know the girl colleting shells along the sea? = Do you know the girl who is collecting shells along the sea?3. We are using a new textbook and Ms Shens method of teaching is nothing like

10、 that of the teachers at my Junior High School.nothing like 一点也不像；没有什么能比得上It looks nothing like a monkey.相关词组：something like 大约，有点（像）There are something like 3, ooo homeless people in the city.4. I dont think I will be bored in Ms Shens class!句中dont think 为否定前置，not 实际含义上是否定宾语从句的谓语。用于这种结构的词还有suppose,

11、 believe, imagine, except等否定前置必须符合三个条件：（1） 主语必须是I或we（2） 主句谓语是一般现在时（3） 有能引起否定转移的谓语动词。如果不否定以上三个条件就不能进行否定转移。含否定前置的句子反义疑问句与从句的主语和谓语相呼应，用肯定形式。I dont think she will leave for Sydney tomorrow, will see?但若主句主语为第二三人称，附加疑问句部分应与主句中的主语和谓语相呼应，且用肯定形式。He didnt think I can pass the exam, dose he? 注意：我们可以说 I think s

12、o./I dont think so. /I think not. /I hope so. /I hope not. 但是不可以说I dont hope so.5. In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys.a. as as 意为和一样表示同级的比较。前一个as 是副词，第二个是连词。否定形式为 not/soasThis film is as interesting as that one.b. 若有修饰成分，如twice, three times, half, a quarter 等，则需置于第一个介词之前。You

13、r bag is twice as big as that one.c. 倍数的表达常用的几种方式：（1）A is times as as B（2）A is .times +比较级 +than B（3）A is .times the size/length/ width/depth/heightof B=the size/length/ width/depth/height of A istimes of B（4）A is .times +what 从句Asia is four times as large as Europe.The production this year is three

14、 times what it was ten years ago.6. There are more girls than boys in the class.本句是比较级的用法，与than连用。另外 more than 表示多于多达More than one answer is correct.Part 2 Grammar 1 Everyday English and Function一知识点1. be fluent in 在某方面流利He isnt Chinese, but he is fluent in Chinese.Candidates must be fluent in two l

15、anguages.2. write to sb = write a letter to sb知识点She wrote to his parents yesterday.相关词组：Write down写下，记下 write back 回信Make sure that you write down every word the speaker says.I heard from him two weeks ago, but I forget to write back.3. at the start of= at the beginning of 在开始的时候Our school painted

16、the walls at the end of the new term.二重点句型1. Mr. Davies gave us a lot of encouragement- he make us feel really good about being there.make sb do sth 使某人做某事，make 后跟不带to 的不定式。类似的还有let, have. 变为被动结构要加上to. The teachers made us finish the homework on time.被动结构：We were made to finish the homework on time.

17、 注意： 一些感官动词 see, hear, 也有类似用法see/hear sb do sth 听见/看见某人做某事，变为被动语态时也要加上toI heard him play piano last night.He was heard to play piano last night.和see/hear sb do sth相对应的词组还有see/hear sb doing sth 看到/听到某人正在做某事，强调动作的过程。I heard him playing piano.2. He said it didnt matter if we made mistakes.此句中it 是形式主语，真

18、正的主语是if 引导的从句。matter 用作动词，意为重要，有关系，是不及物动词，主要用于疑问句和否定句中。Does it matter if we are a bit later?3. I was a bit disappointed -she explained everything in English.a bit 意为“ 有点，一些，稍微”在肯定句中与a little 意义相同，常常可以互换。I am a bit / a little tied. 辨析：a little 与a bita bit 与a little 修饰形容词，副词的原级和比较级时相同。用作名词短语，在句中作主语，宾语

19、等时两者相同。修饰名词时a bit 需加of, 而a little 不用加of. 否定句中两者意义完全不同：not a bit=not at all, not a little =very much She doesnt care a bit for me.She was not a little worried about the results of the exam. 4. Would you mind answering the questions for me?(1) mind vt.mind sth mind doing sth常用句型：Would you mind doing s

20、th？Would you mind sb/sbs doing sth?Would you mind I did?5. How are you going? How are you going? 和 how are you？ 是一样的，只是比后者更口语一点。回答用fine/not bad/ pretty good/ great等，跟how are you 的回答一样。How are you 还可以这样用：How are you doing with your classmates?How was it?How is it going?6. - I have just been to my fir

21、st language class. - Oh really? So have I .对句中的So have I .该句的结构是一个倒装。表示另一个主语与前面的主语做了相同的动作或处于相同的状态。so 引导的倒装句，表示“某人、某事也是如此”，结构为“so+助动词、情态动词、系动词+主语”。否定结构用neither/nor +助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语He is interested in physics and so am I.Bob wasnt at school last week. Neither was Jack.相关知识链接:(1)So +主语+助动词/情态动词/系动词， 表示

22、某人某事确实如此。-You have dropped a word here.-Yes, so I have.(2) so it is with +名词/代词宾格 与Its the same with +名词/代词宾格用于肯定或否定情况的混合存在或谓语动词不属于同一类型，意思是“也”-Alice is a good student and works hard.-So it is with Tom.Part 3 Cultural Corner 一知识点1. at the end of 在结束的时候At the end of twelfth grade, American students re

23、ceived the high school diploma.相关词组：(1) by the end of 到结束时，到末尾时 常与完成时连用We had studied English for three years by the end of last term.(2) in the end 最后，终于 In the end she married a singer.(3) be at the end结束，终结Everything between them was at and end.(4) come( draw) an end 结束，完结The war comes to an end

24、in 1948.(5) end in (doing) sthThe incident ended in laughing.(6) end up 结束，完事How does the story end up?2. divide into 把分成A year is divided into four seasons.相关词组：(1) divide up among/ between 在之间分开Children, divide the cake up among you.(2) divide in half/two 把分成两部分Lets divide the apple in half.(3) di

25、vide sth by sth .除以15 divided by 3 is 5.辨析：divide 与separate 的区别divide 侧重于把整体分成若干部分，破坏了物体的完整性。separate 表示“分开，分离”，侧重于把原来连在一起或靠在一起的事物分开，没有破坏事物的完整性。如：Some apples have gone bad. Lets separate the good ones from the bad ones.另外，separate 还可以做形容词，表示“ 分开的，单独的”All the children have their separate beds.3. take

26、 part in 参加（ 有组织的活动，侧重指集体参加体育活动） Many students took part in the sports meeting.辨析： take part in, join, 与attendtake part in 指参加集体性或群众性的活动；join 指加入某组织，某团体并成为其中的一员，如参军，入党，入团等。attend 是正式用语，指参加会议或仪式，婚礼，上课，上学，听报告等。We will take part in social activities in summer vocation.When did you join the army?Hell at

27、tend an important meeting this Sunday.4. go to college 上大学在表示抽象概念时，college 不用冠词；如果表示具体的某一所大学，则要加冠词。My dream is to go to college.A college is being built in our city.二重点句型The school year is divided into two semesters, the first of which is September though December, and the second January though May.

28、(1) the first of which 是非限定性定语从句，对前面的句子进行补充说明。China has thousands of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan.(2) 非限定性定语从句只是对主句内容或先行词的补充，解释或附加说明。主句与先行词或从句之间一般用逗号隔开。没有它，主句意思依然完整。引导非限定性定语从句的关系代词有as, which, who, whom, whose等，作定语从句的主语，宾语，表语及定语。关系副词有when, where等，作定语从句的状语。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中一般不能省略。The house, w

29、hich is built a hundred years ago, stood still in the earthquake.Mike, as we expected, attended the meeting.I still remember January 10, on which he came to see me.Part4 grammar 一一般现在时一般现在时大多数是用动词的原形表示的。be 和have 在人称和数上应按照自己的变化规则与主语保持一致。其他若其主语是第三人称单数，则应按照动词第三人称单数的变化规律变化。1. 表示习惯性的，现在反复出现的动作或状态。I usual

30、ly go to bed at nine.2. 表示主语现在的特征，性格或发生于说话时的感觉，状态等。The job calls for great patience.3.表示客观事实或普遍真理Light travels faster than the sound.4. 表示按规定，计划要发生的事情，只限于go, come, leave, stay, return, begin等动词。School begins on February 5.5.在连词when, before, until, if, as soon as 引导的表示将来行为的状语从句中，常用一般现在是表示将来。If it is

31、fine tomorrow, we shall visit the Great Wall.二现在进行时（1）表示说话人正在进行的动作。We are having an English lesson now.（2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作，虽然此时此刻该动作不一定在进行。He is translating a bok.（3）少数动词，如：go, come, leave, arrive, return, begin, do, die, lose 等的现在进行时，可以表示预计即将发生的动作。My uncle is coming back from abroad.（4）表示反复发生的动作，常于alwa

32、ys, forever, constantly, continually, all the time等时间状语连用。这种用法的现在进行时表示不满，抱怨 或赞赏等情绪。She is always thinking of others.（5）表示一种委婉的语气。 hope, want, wonder 等少数动词用于现在进行时，表示更加委婉的语气。I am hoping you can come and have supper with us.三以-ed 和-ing 结尾的形容词的用法 在英语当中有一些动词的现在分词和过去分词刻意转化为形容词，以-ing结尾的常表示“ 令人”, 用来说明主语的性质，

33、特征，内容等，其主语多为物也可能是人；而-ed 结尾的常表示人的某种感情或情绪，含有“ 某人感到”，用来说明主语的状态，主语多为人。 以动词disappoint 为例，disappointing 表示令人失望的，disappointed 表示人感到失望的。This is disappointing news.How disappointing you are!She is disappointed with the result.以下词汇的用法同上：amazing/amazed, boring/bored, exciting/ excited, encouraging/ encouraged,

34、 frightening/ frightened, interesting/ interested, moving/ moved, pleasing/ pleased, surprising/ surprised, tiring/ tired, worrying/ worried, terrifying/ terrified四有些动词不能用被动语态。这类动词通常是表示“感官，感情，存在，从属，思维”等的动词。see, hear, smell, taste, look, seem （表示感官的词）hate, love, like, want, wish ( 表示感情的词) be, exist,

35、stay, remain ( 表示状态的词)have, possess, belong, consist ( 表示占有与从属的词)但如果词义转变，能表示一个正在进行的动作，就能用于进行时态。Do you see anyone over there?Are you seeing some one off here?Module 1单元检测一单项选择1. Mr. Wang is a _ teacher. Everybody is _ to get close to him.A. frightening, frightened B. frightened, frightened C. frighte

36、ned, frightening D. frightened, frightened2. The advertising firm usually collects _ possible about the product.A. as information as much B. much as information as C. as many information as D. as much information as 3. Who do you _ we should send to cover the bank robbery.A. know B. suggest C. think D. suppose4. It is _ to have a cold drink on a hot summer day.A. a great fun B. funny C. fun D. greatly fun5. when _again?- When he _, I w