专题12 定语从句（原卷版）

1、决胜2020年中考英语压轴题全揭秘精品 专题12定语从句【考点一】先行词指人that：引导从句, 先行词指人或事物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语； who：引导从句, 先行词指人,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语； whom：引导从句, 先行词指人,在从句中作宾语； whose：引导从句, 先行词指人,在从句中作定语。1. （2019 福建省中考）Du Fuguo is a hero _ is known to millions of Chinese people.A. whoB. whichC. what【参考答案】A【解析】句意：杜富国是中国百万民众心目中的英雄。考查定语从句。根据先行词 hero

2、 英雄,可知关系代词指代人,故选 A。2. （2019 山东省滨州市）Do you know the man _ spoke at the meeting just now?No, I dont know.A. whatB. whoC. whichD. whose【参考答案】B【解析】句意：你认识刚才在会上讲话的那个人吗?不,我不认识。考查关系词辨析。本句是定语从句,what不是关系词不可引导定语从句,可排除。who用于先行词是人时；which用于先行词是物时；whose表示物主,后面需接名词；本句先行词the man是人,根据句意结谈判语境,可知选B。【考点二】先行词指物which：引导从句

3、, 先行词指事物,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语； that：引导从句, 先行词指人或事物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语； 1. (2019 湖南省岳阳市)Ill never forget the story _. A. that cheers me upB. who cheers me up C. what cheers me up【参考答案】A【解析】 句意：我永远不会忘记那个让我振作起来的故事。本题考查的是定语从句的相关知识。the story（指物）是先行词,在所给的参考答案中,可排除B和C,因为who引导定语从句只能指代人,what 不能引导定语从句。that引导定语从句时既可指人也

4、可指物。故选A。2. （2019 湖南省湘西州）What kind of movies do you like？I prefer movies _ give me something to think about.A. that B. what C. where【参考答案】A【解析】句意：你喜欢什么类型的电影?-我更喜欢电影给我一些思考的东西。考查关系代词,本句是定语从句,先行词为movies,名词,从句中缺主语,结合语境,你喜欢什么电影？我更喜欢让我思考的电影。故选A。【考点三】其他情况引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物）,which（指物）,who（指人）。指人时可用that或w

5、ho,指物时可用that或which,但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种：1. 当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如：Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么可以为你做的吗?All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。2. 当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如：That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.

6、那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一 。The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。3. 当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。例如：My necklace is not the only thing thats missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。4. 当王句以who或which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that,不用which或who。以避免重复。例如：Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat？

7、正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？5. ）当先行词既有人又有物时,用that不用which。例如：The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)H

8、e is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词

9、+ which结构,因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用,例如：Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。1. （2019 河南省中考）Do you know the boy over there?The one _ is holding a ball? Oh, thats my neighbor Phil.A. whatB. whichC.whoD.不填【参考答案】C 【解析】句意：你知道那边的那个男孩吗？ 那个拿球的男孩吗？哦,那是我邻居菲尔。考查定语从句。先行词是the one,表示人,且关系词在定语从句中作

10、主语,不能省略。故选C。2. （2019 黑龙江省哈尔滨市）Haveyougotreadyforthesoccergame?Yes.Ivedoneeverything _ Icantowinthegame.A. whoB. that C.which【参考答案】B【解析】句意：准备好参加足球比赛了吗?-是的。 我已经尽我所能去赢得比赛了。本题考查定语从句,不定代词everything作先行词,故定语从句引导词用that。故选B。1. （2019 湖南省郴州市）All the classmates enjoyed the cake _ I made at the party. It was rea

11、lly deliciousA. thatB. whoC. what2. （2019 四川省成都市）The boy _ lost is crying there.How do you know he gets lost?A. whoseB. whoC. whos3. （2019 江苏省淮安市）The charities have helped more children with the money _ people raise.A. whoB. whatC. whereD. which4. （2019 湖北省黄冈市）Tomorrow is Fathers Day. Whats your sur

12、prise for your father? The first thing _ I will do is to make a card for him.A. whoB. whereC. whoseD. that5. （2019 黑龙江省大庆市）The book _ I read last night was fantastic.A. thatB. whatC. whoseD. who6. （2019 吉林省中考）Mr. Brown is a teacher _ is strict with all is students.A. whichB. whoC. where7. （2019 甘肃省天

13、水市）Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth(流浪地球) ?Yes. Its the best one _ I have ever seen.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. it8. （2019 贵州省贵阳市）Wang Yangming is a great educationalist _ developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen. A. whichB. whatC. who9. （2019 四川省内江市）The book _ was written by him is very inte

14、resting.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. /10. （2019 四川省遂宁市）My mother doesnt like stories _ have sad endings. A. thatB. whoC. whereD. those11. （2019 四川省达州市）Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree _ waiting in a line?They are the students from No. 1 Primary School. A. that areB. where areC. which isD.

15、 who is12. （2019 内蒙古呼和浩特市）Sitting down after a walk is relaxing. But would you like to sit on a seat _ tell you your weight? A. / B. who C. whom D. that13. （2019 湖南省湘潭市）On Monday April 15, 2019, the fire _ broke out in Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris shocked the world. A. thatB. whoC. where14. （2019 广

16、西省玉林市）Hey, Anna, Would you like to see The White Storm with me?You mean, the new police story _ was filmed by Chen Musheng.A. whoB. whatC. whoseD. which15. （2019 甘肃省兰州市）The movie _ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.A. whoB. whichC. whereD. when16. （2019 四川省乐山市）What are you looking for?Im look

17、ing for the storybook _ you lent to me last week.A. whoB. whichC. when17. （2019 山东省临沂市）Peppa Pig (小猪佩奇) is a British cartoon _ has been popular in China and is much loved by little children and their parents.A. whoB. whichC. /18. （2019 四川省眉山市）Success always belongs to those _ have tried their best t

18、o make their dreams come true.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. which19. （2019 湖北省随州市）What kind of movies do you like? I prefer movies _ give me something to think about.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. when20. （2019 甘肃省武威市）I prefermusic _ has great lyrics.A. whoB. whoseC. thatD. /21. （2019 湖南省长沙市）China is getting bet

19、ter at making hi-tech products _ can be bought in all parts of the world.A. whoB. whichC. what22. （2019 广东省中考）Not all children _ watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become interested in science.A. whomB. whichC. whoD. whose23. （2019 湖北省鄂州市）Do you like the weekly talk show The Read

20、ers on CCTV?Sure. Its a great TV program _ can develop the habit of reading.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. whose24.（2018 四川达州） Have you watched the TV play In the Name of People”(人民的名义)?It s the most popular play _our Party s trying to struggle against corruption(反对腐败).A.where show B.which show C.that shows

21、 D.who shows25.（2018 湖南 邵阳 ） What kind of teachers do you like? I like the teachers _ are friendly to us.A.who B.whom C.which D.whose26.（2018 湖南邵阳）The man_ is talking to my math teacher is my father.A.who B.which C.what27.（2018 湖北随州）What are you looking for?Im looking for the dictionary _ you lent m

22、e last week.A.who B.what C.that D.when28.（2018 四川眉山）We are talking about the piano and the pianist_were in the concert last night.A.that B.which C.who D.whom29. （2018 河南省）Anyone who is a server or_ has been one knows that customers always come first.A.whom B.what C.who D.which30.（2018 甘肃兰州）I like th

23、e city _the people are really kind and friendly.A.that B.which C.where D.who31.（2018 湖北 咸宁） What do you think of the show Readers on CCTV? Its a great TV show_ xpresses our true feelings by reading aloud in public.A.whom B.who C.whose D.that32.（2018 山东临沂 ） My grandparents like stories _ have happy e

24、ndings.A.they B.who C.which D./33.（2018 内蒙 通辽）Do you know the man _ is talking with our Chinese teacher? Yes. He is my uncle, Mr. King.A.which B.who C.whom D.whose34.（2018 青海西宁）Its time to say goodbye to my school. Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.when35.（2018 四川成都）Is this the new dictionary _ you got yesterday?Yes. Now its very convenient for me to look up words.