形容词用法课件

1、形容词形容词一一. .定义定义: :用来修饰名用来修饰名词或代词词或代词, , 表示人或事表示人或事物的性质物的性质, ,特征或状态特征或状态. .一般分为下面一般分为下面两类两类: :外观外观:long, strong, big, round, fat, :long, strong, big, round, fat, beautiful, oldbeautiful, old性质性质: :good, clean, new, fresh, good, clean, new, fresh, soft, excellentsoft, excellent颜色颜色: :red, black, green

2、, blue, red, black, green, blue, white, brownwhite, brown 性格性格: :kind, strict, honest, foolish, kind, strict, honest, foolish, lazy, rude(lazy, rude(粗鲁的粗鲁的) 状况状况: :careful, blind, deaf, cheap, careful, blind, deaf, cheap, hungryhungry 评论评论: :great, true, necessary, great, true, necessary, difficult

3、,wrongdifficult ,wrong性性质质形形容容词词关关系系形形容容词词. .地域地域: :Chinese, American, Chinese, American, Asian, PacificAsian, Pacific( (太平洋的太平洋的) ). .质料质料: :wooden, golden, wooden, golden, plastic, metallicplastic, metallic( (金属的金属的, , 含金属的含金属的) ). .科技科技: :electric, chemical, electric, chemical, atomicatomic( (原子的

4、原子的) ), medical, medical. .意识意识: :communistcommunist（共产主义的）（共产主义的）, , socialsocial（社会的）（社会的）. .行业行业: :industrialindustrial（工业的）（工业的） 二二. . 形容词形容词在句子中的作用在句子中的作用形容词在句子中可形容词在句子中可定语、表语、同位语、宾语补定语、表语、同位语、宾语补足语、状语足语、状语等。等。1. She is a brave girl and she can do anything.1. She is a brave girl and she can do

5、anything.2. Mount Tai, the famous in our country, has 2. Mount Tai, the famous in our country, has been visited by millions of travellers every been visited by millions of travellers every year. year.3. Who let the door open? 3. Who let the door open? 4. I went to bed hungry.4. I went to bed hungry.

6、5. You should keep the classroom clean.5. You should keep the classroom clean.定语定语同位语同位语宾补宾补状语状语宾补宾补三三. . 形容词的比较级和形容词的比较级和最高级的构成最高级的构成 : : 有规则有规则和不规则两种形式和不规则两种形式. .1.1.规则形容词的比较级和最高级（规则形容词的比较级和最高级（4 4种种）、直接加、直接加-er-er，-est :-est : youngyoung clever braveclever brave young younger er clevercleverer er

7、 bravebraver r youngyoungestest clever cleverest est bravebravestst、辅音字母、辅音字母 + + y y 结尾的变结尾的变 y y 为为 i i 再加再加 -er-er、-est :-est : happy early heavyhappy early heavy happ happi ierer earlearli ier er heavheavi ierer happ happi iest est earlearli iest est heavheavi iestest、以一个辅音字母、以一个辅音字母( (ww、y y、r

8、r 除外除外) )结尾的重读闭音结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写这一辅音字母再加节词，先双写这一辅音字母再加-er-er、-est-est fat thin hot slowfat thin hot slow fat fatt terer thinthinn ner er hothott ter er slowslowerer fat fatt test est thinthinn nest est hothott test est slowslowestest 、多音节词和派生的双音节词前加、多音节词和派生的双音节词前加 moremore、most most beautifulbeautiful

9、expensive expensive moremore beautiful beautiful moremore expensive expensivemostmost beautiful beautiful mostmost expensive expensive 反向比较加反向比较加 lessless、least least lessless expensive expensive 1) good1) good well wellbetterbetterbestbest2) bad2) bad ill illworseworseworstworst3) many3) many much

10、muchmoremoremostmost4) little4) littlelesslessleastleast2.2.不规则的形容词、副词的级要特殊记。不规则的形容词、副词的级要特殊记。1.双方比较，双方比较， 表示一方超过另一方时表示一方超过另一方时， 用用“比较级比较级than ” 的结构的结构 This picture is more beautiful than that one .2.表示一方不及另一方时，用表示一方不及另一方时，用“ less + 原级原级 than”结构结构 This room is less beautiful than that one.3.表示一方在程度或

11、数量上超过另一方时，可表示一方在程度或数量上超过另一方时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语，在比较级前加表示程度的状语， 如如 even , a lot , a bit , a little, still, much , far , yet ,by far等修饰。等修饰。 He works even harder than before.3. 比较级的用法比较级的用法注意：注意： by farby far 通常用于强调最高级。通常用于强调最高级。 用于比用于比较级一般放在比较级的后面，若放在前面，应在较级一般放在比较级的后面，若放在前面，应在二者中间加二者中间加 thethe . . He is

12、taller by far than his brother . He is by far the taller of the two brothers .4) 4) 表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用用“ the + the + 比较级（主语谓语）比较级（主语谓语）the +the +比较级（主比较级（主语谓语）语谓语）” 结构结构 （越（越.越越） The hardThe harderer he works , the happ he works , the happierier he feels .he feels .5) 不与其他事物不与其他事物 相比，

13、表示本身程度的改变时相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用用“比较级比较级 and + 比较级比较级”结构。结构。 The girl becomes The girl becomes more and moremore and more beautiful .beautiful . The weather is getting The weather is getting colder and colder and coldercolder . .6 6) ) 倍数表达倍数表达 A A is + is + 倍数倍数 as as as as B B This room is twice as big a

14、s that one.注意：注意： times times 表三倍以上表三倍以上 , , 两倍用两倍用 twice / doubletwice / double三者或三者以上相比，三者或三者以上相比， 表示最高程度时，表示最高程度时，用用“the + the + 最高级最高级” 的结构表示。的结构表示。 这种句式一这种句式一般般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。常有表示比较范围的介词短语。ZhangHua is the tallest ZhangHua is the tallest of the threeof the three . . He works (the ) hardest He wor

15、ks (the ) hardest in his classin his class . .4 最高级的用法最高级的用法六六. .比较级的基本句型比较级的基本句型原级原级as+adj.+asnot so/as+adj. +asI am as tall as you.She is not so/as tall as I.比较比较级级比较级比较级+than+thanWhich+vWhich+v. +. +比比较级较级,A or B?,A or B?比较级比较级 and and 比较比较级级The +The +比较级比较级, , the +the +比较级比较级Her hair is Her hai

16、r is longer longer thanthan yours. yours.Which is betterWhich is better, the red , the red one or the blue one?one or the blue one?It gets warmer and It gets warmer and warmer.warmer.The harder you work, The harder you work, the greater progress the greater progress youll make.youll make.最高级最高级The +

17、The +最高级最高级+ + of/ inof/ in否定词否定词+ +比较级比较级He is the He is the tallest tallest ofof the three.the three.Nobody is Nobody is taller than taller than him.him.注：注：ill , sickill , sick作作 “生病的生病的” 讲时讲时, , 二者均可二者均可, , 但但illill不可不可作定语作定语; ill; ill作作 “坏名声的坏名声的; ;糟糕的糟糕的” 讲时讲时, , 可作定语可作定语, , 如如ill effect(ill effect(恶果恶果), ill ), ill name(name(坏名声坏名声). Sick ). Sick 还可表示还可表示 “恶心恶心的的”older, elderolder, elderolderolder可指人或物可指人或物 “年长的年长的; ; 较旧的较旧的”, , 可以与比较级连用可以与比较级连用; elder; elder