module 1高中英语外研版选修八

1、1. With annual rainfall close to zero, Antarctica is technically a desert.close to 接近于, 几乎 It took place close to 100 years ago. 那事发生在将近一百年前。2. A high mountain range, the Trans- Antarctic range, runs from east to west, cutting the continent in two. run v. (道路等)延伸, 延续The road runs for many miles by t

2、he sea.A fence runs round the house.3. Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife, which has adapted to its extreme conditions.adapt to 适应The young men quickly adapted to camp life.4. The rest of the plants are made up of mosses, algae and lichen. be made up of 由构成/组成e.g. What are the qualities that ideally

3、 should make up a mans character?The audience was made up of very young children.5. Gases and minerals, in the form of volcanic dust trapped in the ice, can tell us a lot about what the worlds climate was like in past ages. in the form of 以的形式The childs grandpa made a suggestion in the form of a que

4、stion.trap阅读下列各句，并试着总结trap的含义及用法。1) The lift broke down and we were trapped inside it. 作动词，意为“使陷入困境，通常用被动语态2) The cheese helped me trap the mouse. 作动词， （用陷阱、夹子等）捕获6. Since most Antarctic rocks are dark in colour, they stand out against the white background and are easy to identify and collect.stand

5、out 突出, 显眼Her fair hair made Lucy stand out in a crowd.The red flowers stand out against the white snow. 7. Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land. 倒装结构, 此句相当于:The British explorer James Cook didnt cross the Antarctic Cir

6、cle until the late 18th century, but he never saw land.8. Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland. set foot on (in) 踏上, 进入; 涉足 9. In particular, it aims to keep Antarctica free from nuclear tests and radioactive wastein partic

7、ular 特别, 尤其aim to 目标是, 目的在于e.g. My sister aims to become a famous artist. 1. On 8th August, 1914, 27 men who had replied to an advertisement in The Times boarded a ship leaving for the Antarctic.reply to 回答, 回应She asked me why I hadnt replied to her letter.board vt. (1) 给某人提供膳宿 e.g. She usually boar

8、ds students.(2) 上(船，火车，飞机等) board planen. board (1)木板 (2)船舷 on board 在(船等)上2. But when land came into sight, the Endurance became trapped in the ice and began to break e into sight 进入视野, 看得见break up 碎开, 粉碎The ship broke up on the rocks.I broke up the candy and gave each child a small piece.The

9、 meeting broke up in great confusion. 散会, 驱散 与break 有关的短语:break (up) with sb 与某人绝交break away from sb/sth 摆脱, 脱离break down 出故障, 失灵, 崩溃break out 突然发生break into 闯入3. Shackleton and his men watched the Endurance sink into the icy sea.sink (sank, sunk) vi. 下沉, 沉没, (太阳)落下e.g. The ship sank in the water.Th

10、e sun sank slowly behind the hills. 太阳慢慢落山了。vt. 使下沉 e.g. They sank the ship.sink n. 洗涤槽 4. When they reached the island, Shackleton came up with an idea - it was a risk but he would have to take e up with 想出He couldnt come up with an answer when I asked what he would do with the computer.take

11、a risk 冒险e.g. You have to take a risk if you buy the house.Shackleton kept his mise n. 诺言 常用于短语:make a promise 许诺break a promise 违背诺言keep a promise 信守诺言6. They could then return to rescue the rest of the men.rescue vt. 救出某人/某物rescue sb/sth from sth(from: 从，免受)e.g. Police rescue the hostag

12、es from the plane.n. come/go to the/sbs rescue 援救或帮助某人。A wealthy man came to our rescue with a generous donation. 有个富人慷慨捐赠来解救我们。1. the glare (强光) of the sunlight here is very intense (强烈的).glare n. 耀眼的光e.g. avoid the glare of the sun/the cars head lights 避开耀眼的阳光/汽车前行的强光The sunglasses are designed to

13、 reduce glare这些太阳镜是为了减少刺眼的光而设计的。The rabbit was caught in the glare of the cars headlights兔子在耀眼的汽车灯照射下动弹不得。 怒视/凝视/恶狠狠的注视give sb a hostile glare 含故意地注视某人v. 发出炫目而令人不快的强光The sun is glaring (down) mercilessly form a clear sky.透过晴空, 太阳正毒。 怒目而视, 恶狠狠地盯视。e.g. He didnt shout; he just glared at me silently. 他没

14、有喊叫, 只是默默地怒视着我。 2. Its also reflected (反射) by the snow, so if you go outside, remember to wear sunglasses (戴上墨镜)and use sun cream (防晒霜).reflect v. 1. 反映，映出（影像） e.g. His face was reflected in the mirror. 他的脸映照在镜子里。 2. 反射(声、光、热等)When the suns rays hit the earth, a lot of the heat is reflected back int

15、o space.太阳光线照射到地球时，大量的热被反射回太空。3. 表达，显示，表明（事物的自然属性或 人态度、情感等）e.g. Our newspaper aims to reflect the views of the local community. 我报在表达当地人民的心声。拓展：reflector 反光面reflection 映像，反映，反射，沉思reflective 沉思的，反光的，反射热的reflectively adv.4. If you dont, theres a severe risk (很大的风险) that youll damage your eyesight (伤害视

16、力) or get badly sun burnt (严重晒伤). (1) that从句为同位语从句 (2) get badly sun burnt 严重晒伤 get + adj. /done 系表结构。归纳拓展get ill 生病get lost 迷路get married 结婚get used to 习惯于get tired 累了get dressed 穿好衣服get changed 换衣服 get washed洗脸get hurt受伤了5. and you can become numb with cold(冻得麻木)without realising numb. (1) adj. 失去

17、感觉的，麻木的e.g. fingers numb with cold 冻僵了的手指She was numb with terror. 她吓得不能动了。(2) v.（常用被动）a. 使（人/物）失去感觉，麻木e.g. His leg was numbed by the intense pain. 他的腿因剧痛而麻木。b. 使（人）麻木不仁e.g. She was completely/the roughly numbed by the shock of her fathers death.她父亲去世造成的打击使她目瞪口呆（麻木不仁）。6. and in the winter the total

18、absence (缺席) of daylight can be tiresome (令人讨厌的), and for some, depressing (令人抑郁).1) tiresome adj. 令人讨厌的，麻烦的。e.g. Buying a house can be a very tiresome business. 买房子会是一件很麻烦的事。 2) absence absent adj. 不在场的, 缺席的(a) 表示“做某事缺席”, 后接from。 (b) 与in搭配, 表示离开说话人所在地，在另一地。 (c) v. 缺席e.g. He was absent from school. 他没有到校。 He is absent in Europe. 他外出了，现在欧洲。 He absented hims