陕西省宝鸡市金台区2020ㅡ2021学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题(含解析)

1、陕西省宝鸡市金台区2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）说明：本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分。考试结束后，只需交回答题卡。注意事项：1.答第卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用碳素笔或2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第卷（选择题;满分100分）第一部分 听力测试（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，

2、每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A, B, C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the woman want?A. Johns phone number. B. Johns address. C. Johns book.2. How long did it take the man to get to the university today?A. 15 minutes. B. 45 minutes. C. An hour.3. What does the man ask

3、 the woman to do?A. Park the car elsewhere. B. Drive along a quiet street. C. Stop here for a few minutes.4. What will the man do right now?A. Make dinner. B. Wash the dishes. C. Watch the news.5. What are the two speakers talking about?A. A new movie. B. A weekend plan. C. Online shopping.第二节（共15小题

4、；每小题15分，满分225分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6. Why does the man call?A. To remind Joe of a meeting. B. To invite Joe to play tennis. C. To invite Joe to a party .7. Whats the mans phone number?A.

5、7841568. B. 7845148. C. 7845328.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8. Why is the man not patient with the woman?A. Because he doesnt like the woman. B. Because he doesnt believe what the woman says . C. Because the woman talks with him about the same thing every day.9. What does the woman suggest the man do?A Go to see

6、 the doctor. B. Ask his father for help. C. Go out more.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. When did the woman go home last night?A. At 11:30. B. At 10:30. C. At 9:30.11. How many guests did Jane invite?A. 13. B. 23. C. 30.12. What did the woman wear at the party?A. A red dress with white shoes. B. A long dress w

7、ith silver shoes. C. A blue dress with black shoes.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a supermarket.14. When did the man start college studies?A. Last year. B. Last month. C. Last week.15. Where does the man live?A. At home.

8、 B. In Dormitory 4023. C. At a house he rented.16. What does the woman suggest the man do in the future?A. Bring his student card with him. B. Work part-time to practice. C. Use his middle name. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. How many explanations are mentioned about where OK came from in the text?A. Five. B

9、. Four. C. Three .18. When did John Jacob Astor invent “OK” according to some language experts?A. In the late 1880s. B. In the early 1800s. C. In the late 1700s.19. What was Obadiah Kelly?A. A train driver. B. A railroad worker. C. A salesman.20. What does “OK” mean in “OK Club”?A. The abbreviation(

10、缩略语) of a name. B. The abbreviation of a place. C.The abbreviation of an organization. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AYou Can Make a Windsock(风筒)Have you ever seen a windsock blowing in the wind? Well，you can make one of your own！This is a

11、 fun project that you can do with things you may have.You just need to follow a few easy steps.You will need：one piece of colored paper five ribbons strong tape a string a pencil What to do：Step 1：Draw pictures on the paper.You can write your name on it.Do anything that will make it special to you.S

12、tep 2：Make the paper into the shape of a tube.Hold one of the shorter edges(边缘)over the other.Then make them together with the tape at each end and in the middle.Step 3：Use a pencil to make a hole into both sides of the tube.The holes should be only on one end of the tube.Pull the string through bot

13、h holes.Then tie the ends of the string together.Step 4：Now make five holes around the top of the other end of the tube.Put a ribbon through each of the holes.Tie a knot in the ends.Make sure the knots are bigger than the holes.Now your windsock is ready to use，but how does it work? The shape of the

14、 tube plays an important part.Wind blows through the tube and makes it fly and dance around.Hold the windsock up in the air by its string and run around.It will fly behind you.You can also hang it outside and watch it dance around on its own!1. You draw pictures on the paper to make the windsock _A.

15、 funB. heavyC. strongD. special2. Which of these things do you need for Step 2?A. Tape.B. Ribbons.C. A pencil.D. A string.3. What do you do after you put ribbons through the holes in the tube?A. Make holes in the tube.B. Tape the tube together.C. Tie knots in the ribbons.D. Put a string through the

16、hole.4. What is probably the most important to make a windsock work?A. Its shape.B. Its size.C. The color of the paper.D. The number of the holes.5. What is the main purpose of this article?A. To tell an interesting story.B. To explain how to make a windsock.C. To teach an important lesson.D. To sho

17、w what a windsock is like.【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何制作风筒。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Step 1中的“Do anything that will make it special to you.”可知，在纸上画画是为了让它显得特别。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Step 2中的“Then make them together with the tape at each end and in the middle.”可知，然后在两端和中间用胶带把它们连在一起。所以第二步需要tape“

18、胶带”。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Step 4中的“Put a ribbon through each of the holes.Tie a knot in the ends.”可知，把丝带穿过每个孔。在末端打个结。所以需要在末尾打结。故选C。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的第二句“The shape of the tube plays an important part.”可知，形状很重要。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。阅读第一段Have you ever seen a windsock blowing in the wind? Well，you can make one

19、of your own！（你见过风筒在风中飘扬吗?，你可以自己做一个!）和You just need to follow a few easy steps（你只需要遵循几个简单的步骤）由此判断出，文章的目的是介绍如何制作风筒。故选B。BThomas Edison lit up the world with his invention of the electric light. Without him, the world might still be in the dark. However, the electric light was not his only invention. He

20、 also invented the motion picture camera and 1,200 other things. About every two weeks he created something new.Thomas Edison was born in 1847. He attended school for only three months. His mother taught him at home, but Thomas was mostly self-educated. He started experimenting at a young age.When h

21、e was 12 years old, he got his first job. He became a newsboy on a train. He did experiments on the train in his spare time. Unluckily, his first work experience did not end well. Theyfiredhim when he accidentally set fire to the floor of the train. Then Edison worked for five years as a telegraph o

22、perator, but he continued to spend much of his time in experimenting his first patent(专利权)in 1868 for a vote recorder run by electricity.Thomas Edison was totally deaf in one ear and hard of hearing in the other, but he thought of his deafness as a blessing in many ways. It kept conversations short,

23、 so that he could have more time for work. He always worked 16 out of every 24 hours. Sometimes his wife had to remind him to sleep and eat.Thomas Edison died at the age of 84. He left a great many inventions that greatly improved the quality of life all over the world.6. How often did Edison make a

24、 new invention?A. About every fourteen daysB. About every seven daysC. About once a weekD. About twice a week7. The underlined word “fired” in the passage means “_”.A. Gave somebody a jobB. Set fire to somebodyC. Let somebody downD. Forced somebody to leave his job8. Edison considered his deafness a

25、s _ .A. something badB. a gift from godC. a kind of abilityD. a disadvantage9. Which of the following sentence is NOT true according to the passage?A. Edison had only 8 hours rest each day after his deafness.B. Edison got his education mostly by self-teaching.C. Edison had his first job in 1869.D. E

26、disons inventions greatly improved the quality of peoples life.10. What does the passage mainly talk about？A. The function of the electric lightB. Edison and his inventionC. The importance of inventionsD. The whole life of Edison.【答案】6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了爱迪生的一生。爱迪生生于1847年，

27、在84岁时去世。他主要是自学成才，12岁时开始边工作边做实验。当耳朵失聪时，他依然坚持发明。他留下了许多发明，极大地提高了世界各地的生活质量。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“About every two weeks he created something new.(大约每两周他就会创造出一些新东西。)”可知，他每两周就会有新发明。故选A项。【7题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段内容“He did experiments on the train in his spare time.(他利用业余时间在火车上做实验。)”和后文的细节描述“when he accidentally s

28、et fire to the floor of the train(当他不小心把火车地板点着的时候)”可知，爱迪生在火车上做实验，出现意外将地板点着了，由此可推知，由于出现这样的意外，他应是被开除了。因此，“fired”应是“开除”含义，与选项D“Forced somebody to leave his job(强迫某人离职)”表达含义一致。故选D项。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“but he thought of his deafness as a blessing in many ways(但他认为耳聋在很多方面都是一种福气)”可知，他把“耳聋”看作为一种“福气”。故选B项。

29、【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Thomas Edison was born in 1847.”可知，爱迪生出生于1847年，而后文“When he was 12 years old, he got his first job.”提及他在12岁时有了第一份工作，由此可推知，“1874+12=1986”，即，1986年他有了第一份工作，因此选项C“Edison had his first job in 1869.(爱迪生在1869年找到了他的第一份工作。)”是错误的。故选C项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，文章为记叙文，末尾段内容概括了文章的主旨，“Thomas Edi

30、son died at the age of 84. He left a great many inventions that greatly improved the quality of life all over the world.(托马斯爱迪生去世，享年84岁。他留下了许多发明，极大地提高了世界各地的生活质量。)”，由此可知，文章主要讲述了爱迪生的一生，包括他的出生，受教育情况，生活，工作和发明。故选B项。CCloning has always been with us and is here to stay. It is a way of making an exact copy

31、of another animal or plant. It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. It also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg. The fact is that these are both examples of natural clones. Cloning has t

32、wo major uses. Firstly, gardeners use it all the time to produce commercial quantities of plants. Secondly, it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals. Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated. It is a difficult task to und

33、ertake. Many attempts to clone mammals failed. But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough the cloning of Dolly the sheep.The procedure works like this:Female sheep A provides an egg cell. The nucleus is removed from the egg cell.The egg cell is

34、ready for a new nucleus. Female sheep B provides a somatic cell for the clone. The nucleus of this cell contains all the genes needed to produce a new sheep.The nucleus is taken out of the somatic cell.The nucleus from sheep B and the egg cell from sheep A are joined using electricity.The cell divid

35、es and grows into an embryo.The embryo is put into female sheep C, who becomes the carrier of the clone.The lamb is the clone of the donated cell from sheep B which provided the nucleus.On the one hand, the whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone, Dolly the sheep.

36、The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dollys illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal. Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the le

37、ngth of the life of the original sheep. Sadly the same arbitrary fate affected other species, such as cloned mice. The questions that concerned all scientists were: “Would this be a major difficulty for all cloned animals? Would it happen forever? Could it be solved if corrections were made in their

38、 research procedure?”On the other hand, Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. It became controversial. It suddenly opened everybodys eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illnesses and even to produce human being

39、s.Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain, newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions. Religious leaders also raised moral questions. Governments became nervous and more conservative. Some began to

40、 reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning, but other countries like China and the UK, continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide. However, scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.11

41、. Which one is the best statement about the uses of cloning?A. To produce commercial quantities of plants.B. To research on new plant species.C. To do medical research on animals.D. All of the above.12 It can be inferred(推断) from the passage that a cloned animal _.A. is usually as healthy as the ori

42、ginal one.B. usually lives as long as the original one.C. usually lives longer than the original one.D. usually lives shorter than the original one.13. Which is correct about the cloning of Dolly the sheep?A. Female sheep A is more important than the female sheep B and C.B. Female sheep C provides a

43、 somatic cell.C. The joined cell divides and grows straight into the lamb.D. Female sheep As egg cell whose nucleus is taken out is ready for the nucleus of a somatic cell from female sheep B.14. Why is cloning controversial in some countries?A. Because it is a difficult task to undertake in some co

44、untries.B. Because it is difficult to get the human eggs and embryos.C. Cloning is controversial in some countries for moral and religious reasons.D. Because some countries forbade research into cloning.15. What do you think is the writers point of view?A. ImpartialB. PositiveC. NegativeD. Indiffere

45、nt(漠不关心的)【答案】11. D 12. D 13. D 14. C 15. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有关克隆的技术原理、用途和程序及其社会争议。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Cloning has two major uses. Firstly, gardeners use it all the time to produce commercial quantities of plants. Secondly, it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research

46、on animals. (克隆有两个主要用途。首先，园丁们一直用它来生产商业数量的植物。其次，对植物新品种的研究和动物的医学研究具有重要价值。)”可知，克隆的用途包括：选项A“生产商业数量的植物”、B“研究植物新品种”和C“对动物进行医学研究”，说明三个选项都是正确的。D项“以上全部”，故选D项。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep. Sadly the same arbitrary fate aff

47、ected other species, such as cloned mice. (Dolly总共活了六年半，是原来绵羊寿命的一半。不幸的是，同样的任意命运也影响到了其他物种，比如克隆小鼠。)”可知，一种克隆动物通常比原来的寿命短。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段所提供的以下程序中“Female sheep A provides an egg cell. (母羊A提供卵细胞。)”、“The nucleus is removed from the egg cell.(细胞核从卵细胞中取出。)”、“The egg cell is ready for a new nucleus. (

48、卵细胞已经为新的细胞核做好了准备。)”以及“Female sheep B provides a somatic cell for the clone. The nucleus of this cell contains all the genes needed to produce a new sheep.(母羊B为克隆提供体细胞。这个细胞的细胞核包含了产生一只新绵羊所需的所有基因。)”可知，母绵羊A的卵细胞，其细胞核被取出，为母绵羊B的体细胞的细胞核做好准备。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Religious leaders also raised moral quest

49、ions. Governments became nervous and more conservative. Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning (宗教领袖也提出了道德问题。各国政府变得紧张和更加保守。一些国家开始改革法律制度，禁止对克隆人进行研究)”可知，由于道德和宗教原因，克隆在一些国家引起了争议。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“However, scientists still wonder whether cloning wi

50、ll help or harm us and where it is leading us. (然而，科学家们仍然想知道克隆是否会帮助或伤害我们，以及它将把我们引向何方。)”可知，作者既说明克隆可能会对人类有帮助也表述了它可能会对人类有伤害的问题，所以作者的态度是公正的。故选A项。第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。What is lifes greatest gift? It is choice. Choice is the ability to choose some actions from a se

51、t of things to achieve a goal. _16_ The reason is that it turns us from dumb(笨的) animals into artists. Choice becomes the tool we use to sculpt(雕刻) our life. The tool doesnt come free, however, for the price of choice is responsibility(责任). _17_ it is enjoyment.Choice is power. Choice is at the hear

52、t of life. Its the creative power of life. Life is always changing and we have to make lots of choices. _18_ We often need to check where we are on our journey. We need to ask questions: Am I moving closer to my goals? If not, what action will I take now to make myself realize my goals?_19_ And our

53、life becomes more convenient or comfortable because of them. For example, you decide which stores to shop at and which bus station to go on. But the decisions that we make to sculpt our lives are much more important than deciding where to shop. The more we understand the difference between small and

54、 big decisions, the more pleasure we will get.Life is like a chess game. _20_ All chess lovers realize that it isnt necessary to win to enjoy the game. Make the best moves(一步) you can under the conditions. Then you can enjoy your life.A. Why is choice so great?B. The pleasure (快乐) is in the playing.

55、C. In fact, we have to make choices every day.D. Choice is powerful and helpful.E. Because making right choices is more important than working hard.F. Every choice we make leads us closer to or farther from our goals.G. But when we accept and carry it out, we get a great return(回报).【答案】16. A 17. G 1

56、8. F 19. C 20. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章为选择下了定义并阐述了做出选择的必要性和意义。【16题详解】前文“What is lifes greatest gift? It is choice. Choice is the ability to choose some actions from a set of things to achieve a goal.”提到：人生最好的礼物是什么？是选择。选择是从一组事物中选择某些行动以实现目标的能力。后文“The reason is that it turns us from dumb animals into artists. ”提到：原因是它把我们从笨的动物变成了艺术家。A项（为什么选择是这么地重要？）承接上文，对前文的“选择的定义”进行强调，又引出下文的回答。故选A项。【17题详解】前文“ Choice becomes the tool we use to sculpt our life. The tool doesnt come free, however, for the price of choice is responsibility. ”提到：选择成为我们用来雕刻我们生活的工具。然而这个工具不是免费的，因为选择的代价是责任。后文“it i