初中：新目标九年级英语全册知识大盘点2

1、初中英语教案初中英语新课程标准教材英语教案（2019 2020学年度第二学期 ）学校：年级：任课教师：英语教案/初中英语/九年级英语教案编订：XX文讯教育机构文讯教育教学设计新目标九年级英语全册知识大盘点 2教材简介：本教材主要用途为通过学习英语的内容，提高学生的语言技能，增加一项语言能力，有利于国际化的日常交流、生活、工作等，本教学设计资料适用于初中九年级英I语科目，学习后学生能得到全面的发展和提高。本内容是按照教材的内容进行的编写，可以放心修改调整或直接进行教学使用。unit 8短语动词小结常见短语动词结构有下面几种：1. 动词+副词 女口： give up 放弃turn off 关掉st

2、ay up 熬夜这种结构有时相当于及物动词，如果其宾语是代词，就必须放在动 词和副词之间，如果是名词，则既可插在动词和副词之间，也可放 在短语动词后。2. 动词+介词 女口： listen of 听look at 看belong to 属于这种结构相当于及物动词，后面跟宾语。3. 动词+副词+介词 女口： come up with 提出，想出run out of 用完，耗尽4. 动词+名词（介词）女口： take part in 参加catch hold of 抓住1. cheer （sb.） up使（某人）高兴、振作 女口： cheer me up 使我高兴文讯教育教学设计clea n up

3、 打扫 clea n-up n. 打扫2. homeless adj.无家可归的a homeless boy一个无家可归的男孩home n.家3. hand out 分发 hand out bananasgive out 分发 give out sth to sb.分.给某人give up doing 放弃 give up smoking放弃吸烟give away 赠送 捐赠 give away sth. to .give away money to kidsgive sb. sth. 给某人某东西 give me money 给我钱give sth. to sb.给某人某东西 give mo

4、ney to me 给我线4. sick adj. 生病的作表语、定语ill adj. 生病的作表语，不能作定语5. volu nteer to do v.志愿效劳、主动贡献volun teer n.志愿者6. come up with 提出 想出 =think up 想出catch up with 赶上追上7. put off doing推迟做某事put on 穿上（指过程）put up 张贴文讯教育教学设计8. write down写下记下9. call up 打电话 make a teleph one call打电话10. set up 成立 建立the new hospital was

5、 set up in XX.这座医院是在 XX年成立的。11. each每个 各自的 强调第一个人或事物的个别情况常与of连用every每个每一个的一切的则有“全体”的意思不能与of连用12. putto use 把 投入使用，利用they put the new machi ne to use.他们把新机器投入使用13. help sb. (to) do帮助某人做某事 help him (to) studyhelp sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 help him with en glishhelp do 帮助做某事help study14. plan to do计划做某事 pla

6、n + 从句我计划去北京i plan to go to beijing. = i plan (that) i will go to beijing.15. spend doing 花费做 i spent a day visiting beijing.我花了一天的时间去参观北京。spendon sth. 花费在 i spent 3 years on english.第3页共50页初中英语教案 文讯教育教学设计16. no to nlybut (also) 不但 而且 用来连接两个并列的成分(1) 引导以notonlybut (also) 开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。因此 not only do

7、i feel good but (also).是倒装句。也是说得要把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如： not only can i do it but (also) i can do best.我不仅能做到而且做得最好。notonlybut (also) 接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化也就是就近原则女口： not o nly lily but (also) you like cat.不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。 not o nly you but (also) lily likes cat.不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。常见的就近原则的结构有：neithernor即不

8、也不(两者都不)neither you nor i like him.我和你都不喜欢他。eitheror 不是就是(两者中的一个)either lily or you are a stude nt.not only but (also) 第5页共50页初中英语教案文讯教育教学设计there be17. join 参加（指参加团体、组织）女口： join the party 入党take part in 参加（指参加活动）如:take part in sports meet ing参加运动会18. run out of = use up 用完 用尽i have run out of mon ey

9、.= i have used up mon ey.我已经用完了钱。 run away 逃跑 the mon key has run away from the zoo.这只猴子已经从动物园里逃跑了。 run to +地方 跑到某地19. take after （在外貌、性格等方面）与（父母等）相像be similar to 与.相像take after 相像 look after丿照顾 take care of丿照顾20. work out 算出结局the situati on worked out quite well.情况的结局非常好have you worked out this mat

10、h problem?你已经算出这道数学问题了吗？21. ha ng out 闲荡闲逛文讯教育教学设计i like to hang out at mall with my frie nds.我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。22. be able to do能 会 be unable to do不能 不会23. thank you for doi ng谢谢做某事 女口： tha nk you for helpi ng me 谢谢做帮助我24. for sure确实如此，毫无疑问you don t have money. that s for sure.你没有钱，这是毫无疑问的。25. fill

11、 with 使充满 用填充she filled the bowl with water.她用水填满碗。26. like prep.像27. help sb. out帮助做事，解决难题（摆脱困境）i can t work out this math problem. please help me out. 我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。28. train n. 火车train v. 训练train sb. to do.训练某人做某事she trai ns her dog to fetch thi ngs.她训练她的狗去取东西。文讯教育教学设计29. at once = right awa

12、y 立刻 马上 如: do it at once,i II go there at once/ right away.我马上去那里。30. one day 有一天（指将来/过去）some day 有一天（指将来）女口： one day i went to beijing. some day i ll go to beijing.有一天我将去北京。马上去做有一天我去了北京31. specially adv.32. don ati on n.33. part of speech特意地专门地捐赠物don ate v.词性词类特别地 special adj.捐赠赠送特别的34. disabled ad

13、j.肢体有残疾的disable v. 不能unit91. 被动语态(1).被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者(2) .被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词(如果是不用物动词，其过去分词应带有相应的介词)(3) .被动语态中的be是助动词，有人称、数和时态的变化般现在时被动语态为：am/is/are+过去分词第9页共50页初中英语教案 文讯教育教学设计一般过去时被动语态为：was/were+过去分词与情态动词连用的被动语态：情态动词+ be +过去分词(4) .被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语，放在句末，by表示“由，被”的意思如何理解被动语态？为取胜更清晰、

14、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义，可以将主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进行比较。主动语态：主语+谓语动词+宾语+其他成分被动语态：主语+ be +过去分词+ by +宾语+其他成分女口： many people speak en glish.被动语态 english is spoken by many people.2. 本单元要掌握的句型见课本p69中的grammar focus3. inventv. 发明inventor n.发明家invention n. 发明可数名词4. be used for doing 用来做(是被动语态)女口：pens are used for writing.笔是用来写

15、的。pens aren t used for eating. 笔不是用来吃的。第13页共50页文讯教育教学设计5. 给某人某样东西give sth. to sb. 女口： i gave a pen to him.我给他一支笔。give sb. sth. i gave him a pen.我给他一支笔。6. all day整天7. salty adj.咸的 salt n.盐8. by mistake 错误地 女口：i took the umbrella by mistake.我不小心拿错了雨伞。9. make sb./sth. + 形容词 使怎么样it made me happy.它使我高兴ma

16、ke sb./sth. + 名词 让做it made me laugh. 它让我发笑10. by accident意夕卜 偶然 i met her by accident at bus stop.我在公共汽车站意外地见到了她。11. notuntil 直到才做 如:i didn t go to bed until i finished my work.我直到完成我的工作才去睡觉。12. accord ing to + 名词 根据 女口： accordi ng to an lege ndaccordi ng to this article根据这篇文章 根据一个神话13. over an ope

17、n fire 野饮初中英语教案 文讯教育教学设计14. leaf n. 叶子复数形式leaves15. nearby adj.附近的 女口： the nearby river16. fall into 落入 掉进 女口： the leaf fell into the river.叶子落入了河里。falldown 摔倒 女口： she fell down from her bike.她从她自行车摔倒了。17. quite 非常adv.与冠词a连用时，冠词a必须放在它的后面女口： quite a beautiful girl一个漂亮的女孩very非常adv.与冠词a连用时，冠词a必须放在它的前面女

18、口： a very beautiful girl一个漂亮女孩注：当不与冠词a连用时，两者可以互用女口：i am very happy.= i am quite happy.我非常高兴。18. in the way 这样19. pleased adj.表示外部因素引起人发自内心的欣慰和愉快pleasant adj. 愉快高兴指天气、时间、旅行令人高兴愉快please v. 使高兴使同意20. battery operated adj.电池控制的是名词+动词的运动分词构成的合成形容词文讯教育教学设计21. in the sixth century在第 6 世纪22. travel arou nd周

19、游23. more than = over 超过 如: more than 300 = over 300 超过 30024. including prep. 介词包括可以与名词和动名词连用如:six people, in cludi ng a baby, were hurt. 6个人包括一个小孩受伤了。25. have been played 被上演 是现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态的结构：have /has been + 过去分词26. be bor n出生he was born in can ada.他在加拿大出生27. safety n. 安全 safe adj. 安全的28.

20、 knock into 撞上（某人）29. divide sth. into 将划分成.通常指将一个整体分成几个对应相对的部分女口：让我们把我们自己划成 4组let s divide ourselves into 4groups.30. since then 自从那以后 常与完成时 态连用 女口:since the n, i have left beiji ng.自从那以后，我已经离开了北京。un it10初中英语教案 文讯教育教学设计1. 过去完成时(1) 构成：由助动词had +过去分词构成否定式：had n ot + 过去分词 缩写形式：had n t(2) 用法过去完成时表示在过去某一

21、时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。(3) 它所表示的时间是“过去的过去”。 表示过去某一时间可用 by, before等构成的短语来表示 也可以用when, before, after等引导的时间状语从句来表示 还可以通过宾语从句或通过上下文暗示。whe n i got there, you had already eate n you meal.当我至 U达那里时，你已经开始吃了。by the time he got here, the bus had left.到他到达这里时，汽车已经离开了2. by the time直到时候指从过去某一点到从句所示的时间为止的一段时间女口：by th

22、e time we got to his house, he had fini shed supper.在我们到达他就已经吃完了晚饭。3. 英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”常用leave + 地点初中英语教案文讯教育教学设计而不是 forget+ 地点 女口： uniuckily, i left my book at home.不幸的是，我把书忘在家里了。4. close v.关adv.接近地 靠近地closed adj.关的5. come out出来6. on time 按时 准时 既不早也不迟in time 及时 指在时限到来之前7. luckily adv.幸运地lucky adj.幸运的

23、luck n.好运8. give sb. a ride让某搭便车 女口：he ofte n gives me a ride to school.他经常让我搭便车去学校。9.only just刚刚好、恰好10. go off (闹钟）闹响the alarm we nt off just now.刚才警钟响了。11. break dow n 坏掉12. fool n.傻子 呆子v.愚弄 欺骗女口： he is a fool.他是一个呆子。we can t fool our teach. 我们不能欺骗我们的教师。 （动词）13. show up出现 出席she didn t show up last

24、 night.昨晚她没有出现14. i nvite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某做事女口：my friend in vited me to watch tv.我的朋友邀请我看电视。文讯教育教学设计15. set off 激起出发set up 建立16.so that如此以致于引导结果状语从句,so后面接形容词、副词so that作“为了”时，引导目的状语从句，从句常出现情态动词,作结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用情态动词女口： she got up early so that she could catch the bus.为了能赶上车，她起得很早。（目的状语从句）she was s

25、o sad that she could nt say a word.她悲伤得一句话也说不出来。（结果状语从句）17. flee from从逃跑避开如: they fled from their home.他们从他们的家里逃第15页共50页了出来。18. thrill v .使人非常激动,使人非常紧张thrilled adj.指某人感到激动或感到紧张thrilli ng adj.指某事物使人心情激动19. get married结婚20. convince v.使信服convincing adj.令人信服的初中英语教案 文讯教育教学设计21. la nd v. 着落22. be late fo

26、r 迟到23. a piece of一片 / 块/ 张如：a piece of paper/ bread 一张纸 / 一块面包un it111. 宾语从句 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。 由连接词+主语+谓语 构成常由下面的一些连接词引导： 由that引导 表示陈述意义that 可省略he says (that) he is at home.他说他在家里。 由if , whether 弓I导 表示一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等)i don t know if / whether wei hua likes fish.我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。 由连接代词、连接副词(疑问词)引导 表示特殊

27、疑问意义do you kn ow what he wants to buy?你知道他想要买什么吗？ 从句时态要与主句一致当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态he says (that ) he is at home.他说他在家里。第17页共50页初中英语教案文讯教育教学设计i don t know (that) she is singing now.我不知道她正在唱歌。she wants to know if i have fini shed my homework.她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。do you kn ow whe n he will be back?你知道他将会什

28、么时候回来？当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)he said (that) he was at home.他说他在家里。i didn t know that she was singing now.我不知道她正在唱歌。she wan ted to know if i had fini shed m homework.她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。did you kn ow whe n he would be back?你知道他将会什么时候回来?2. get v.得到、买、到达3. make a teleph one call 打电话

29、4. save money 省钱、存钱5. 问路常用的句子：do you know where is ?文讯教育教学设计can you tell me how can i get tocould you tell me how to get to？ can/could/will/would you please tell me sth.表示十分客气地询问事情 could you tell me how to get to the park?请你告诉我怎么才能去邮局好吗？中的 how to get to the park是疑问词与动词不定式连用，用作宾语，但不是宾语从句，可是相当于how i c

30、an get to the park（宾语从句）如：i don t know how to solve the problem.=i don t know how i can solve the problem.我不知道如何解决这个问题can you tell me whe n to leave?=can you tell me whe n i ill leave?你能告诉我什么时候离开？6. 日常交际用语:take the elevator / escalator to thefloor.乘电梯/自动扶梯到楼turn left / right = take a left / rightgo

31、past 经过 go straight向前直走向左/右转莉莉就在安的旁边7. next to旁边、紧接着女口： lily is next to ann.文讯教育教学设计8. between and在和之间如：lily is between ann and tom.莉莉就在安和汤姆的之间。9. decide to do决定做 she decided to go to have lunch.她决定去吃午餐。decide v. decisi on n. make a decisi on做个决定10. is that a good place to hang out?那是不是一个闲荡的好地方？中的to

32、 hang out 修饰前面名词 place，不定式作定语.女口： there are something to eat.这有吃的东西。中的 to eat 修饰代词 something ,作定语.11. kind of +adj./ adv. 译为“有点、一点如：she is kind of shy.她有点害羞。12. expensive贵的反义词inexpensive 不贵的13. crowded 拥挤的反义词uncrowded不拥挤的14. take a vacati on = go on a vacati on去度假15. dress up 打扮 dress up as 打扮成.女口：

33、he wan ted to dress up as father christmas.他想要打扮成圣诞老人。16. on the beach在海滩上 的介词用on17. politely adv.有礼貌地 polite adj. 有礼貌的文讯教育教学设计18. depend on sth / doing /从句 根据、依靠、依赖、决定于livi ng thi ngs depe nd on the sunl ight.生物对阳光有依赖性。we can t depend on his answer.我们不能根据他的回答。that depe nds on how you did it.那决定于你怎样

34、做这件事。19. prefer 动词 更喜欢 宁愿 常用的结构有：prefer sth.更喜欢某事 i prefer english.我更喜欢英语。prefer doing/ to do宁愿做某事 i prefer sitting/ to sit.我宁愿坐着。prefer sth to sth.同相比更喜欢 i prefer dogs to cats.与猫相比我更喜欢狗。prefer doi ng to doi ng宁愿做某事而不愿做某事i prefer walk ing to sitti ng.我宁愿走路也不愿坐着prefer to do rather than do宁愿做某事而不愿做某事i

35、 prefer to work rather tha n be free.我宁愿工作而不愿闲着。20. on the other hand另一方面21. 把借给某人 lend sb. sth. = lend sth.to sb.女口：lily lent me her book. = lily lent her book to me .莉莉把她的书借给了我。22. such as第31页共50页文讯教育教学设计23. i m sorry to do sth.对做某事我觉得很抱歉、伤心。24. in a way在某种程度说25. in order to do 为了做 表目的 女口：he got u

36、p early in order to catch the first bus.他起早床，是为了赶上头班公共汽车。26. 等级/同级比较：asas , not as/so as as +形容词/副词原级+ as表示“和一样的”“和一样的”女口：he works as hard as we.他工作和我们同样努力。 否定式：not as + 形容词/副词原级+ as=not so +形容词/ 副词原级 + ashe doesn t work as / so hard as we.他工作没有我们那样努力。27. hand in 上交un it12我们应该1. be supposed to do .应

37、该 女口： we are supposed to stop smok ing.停止吸烟。文讯教育教学设计矢口识拓展 表示应该的词有： should, ought to ,be supposed to2. shake han ds握手 shake本意是“摇动、震动3. you should have asked what you were supposed to wear.你本应该问清楚怎么样穿才得体。中的“ should have asked 是“情态动词+现在完成时”表示过去本应该做某事，事实上没有做如: she should have gone to beijing.她本应该去了北京。（没

38、有去）4. be relaxed about sth.对某事随意、不严格女口：they are relaxed about the time.5. pretty adv. 相当,很=veryadj. 美丽的 she is a pretty girl.6. make pla ns to do = pla n to do.他们对时间很随意。she is pretty frie ndly.她相当友好。她是一个美丽的女孩。打算做某事女口：she has made plans to go to beijing.=she has planed to go to beijing.7. drop by 访问看

39、望拜访串门we just dropped by our friends homes.我们刚刚去朋友家串I、门。8. on time 按时9. after all 毕竟 终究女口：you see i was right after all.你看，毕竟还 文讯教育教学设计 是我对了。10. i nvite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事女口：lily in vited me to have dinner.莉莉请我吃晚饭。11. without 没有12. aro und the world = all over the world全世界13. pick up 捡起 挑选 女口： he

40、picked up his hat.他捡起他的帽子。14. start doi ng = start to do开始做某事 女口he started readi ng.= he started to read.他开始读。15. poi nt at指向16. stick v. 剌截 n.棒，棍chopstick 筷子 是由chop（砍）+ stick（棒）合成，通常用复数形式：chopsticks17. go out of one s way to do特意，专门做某事女口：he went out of his way to make me happy.他特意使我高兴。18. make mist

41、akes犯错误（复数）make a mistake 犯错误（一个）19. be differe nt from 与不同 女口：chi nese food is differe nt from theirs.中国菜与他们的不同 .文讯教育教学设计20. get/be used to sth.习惯于get/be used to doing习惯于be used to do被用于做be used for doing被用于做used to do过去常常做如:i wash clothes everyday. but i m used to it.我每天都洗衣服，但我习惯了i am used to wash

42、i ng clothes.我习惯于洗衣服了。the kni ves are used to cut thi ngs.小刀被用来切东西。the kni ves are used for cutti ng thi ngs.小刀被用来切东西。she used to watch tv after school.她过去放学后常常看电视。21.我发现要记住每一样事是困难的。i find it difficult to remember everythi ng.形式宾语真正宾语常见的形式宾语有:find / thi nk + it/them +形容词to do sth.如:i thi nk it hard

43、to study en glish.文讯教育教学设计22. cut up切开 切碎 如:let s cut up the water melon.让我们切开这个西瓜23. make a toast 敬酒24. crowd v.挤满其形容词和过去式及过去分词都是:crowded25. set n. 一套 v.设置26. can t stop doing忍不住做某事i can t stop laughing.我忍不住笑27. make faces 做鬼脸 28. face to face 面对面29. lear n by on eself 自学 女口：i lear n en glish by my

44、 self.我自学英语。新目标九年级英语期末复习手册un it1-15重点知识梳理unit 1一：知识点1.check in :在旅馆的登记入住。check out:在旅馆结账离开。2. by: 通过. 方式（途径）。例： i learn english by listening to tapes. 在.旁边。例：by the window/the door 乘坐交通工具例：by bus/car文讯教育教学设计 在之前，到为止。例： by October 在10月前 被 例: english is spoken by many people.3. how与what的区别：how通常对方式或程度

45、提问，意思有：怎么样如何，通常用来做状语、表语。what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问，意思为什么，通常做宾语，主语。how is your summer holiday? it s ok.（how 表示程度 做表语）how did you travel around the world? i travel by air.what do you lear n at school? i lear n en glish, math and many other subjects.4. aloud ， loud ， loudly 均可做副词。aloud出声地大声地多与read、speak连用例如：r

46、ead aloud 朗读speak aloud 说出声来loud大声地响亮地loudly 高声地多指喧闹声和不悦耳的声音。5. voice指人的嗓音也指鸟鸣。sou nd指人可以听到的各种声音。noise 指噪音、吵闹声6. find + 宾语+宾补（名词 形容词 介词短语 分词等）例: i find him friendly. i found him working in the garden.文讯教育教学设计we found him in bed. he found the win dow closed.7. 常见的系动词有：是：am、is、are 保持：keep、stay转变：becom

47、e get、turn起来 feel 、look、smell、taste 、sound8. get + 宾语+宾补（形容词过去分词动词不定式）使某种情况发生例: get the shoes clean.把鞋擦干净 get mr. green to come.让格林先生进来i want to get my bike repaired.我想去修自行车you can t get him waiting.你不能让他老等着9. 动词不定式做定语 与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系the n ext tra in to arrive was from new york. he is always the first

48、 to come. 与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系i have no thi ng to say. i n eed a pen to write with.i need some paper to write on. i don t have a room to live in.10. practice , fun做名词为不可数名词 11. add 补充说 又说12. join加入某团体并成为其中一员atte nd出席参加会议或讲座join in 与take part in指参加到某项活动中去。初中英语教案 文讯教育教学设计13. all、both、always以及every复合词与not连用构成

49、部分否定。其完全否定为：all-none, both-n either, everything-no thi ng, everybody-no body.14. be afraid of害怕be afraid to 害怕be afraid that恐怕担心，表示委婉语气15. either放在否定句末表示“也”两者中的“任一” eitheror或者或者.引导主语部分，谓语动词按照就近原则处理16. complete完成，是个较正式的词，后不能接动名词finish指日常事物的完成17. a,an与序数词连用表示“又一”，“再一”。例: please give me a second apple.

50、 there comes a fifth girl.18. have trouble/difficult/problem (in) doing. 干.遇到麻烦，困难19. u nl ess除非，如果不，等于“ if not 本身就表示否定，引导条件状语从句，主句为将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。例: my baby sister does n t cry uni ess she s hun gry.=my baby sister doesn t cry if she isn t hungry.uni ess you take more care, you ll have an acc

51、ide nt.女口果你不多加小心的话，你会出事的。20.i nstead:adv 代替，更换。第#页共50页初中英语教案文讯教育教学设计吗？例：we have no coffee, would you like tea in stead? 我们没有咖啡了，改喝茶好stuart was ill, so i went in stead.斯图尔病了，所以换了我去。in stead of作为某人或某事物的替换例: let s play cards in stead of watchi ng tv.give me the red one in stead of the gree n one.21. sp

52、oke n 口头的，口语的。speak ing 讲话的，说某种语言的。二，短语：I. by making flashcards通过做单词抽认卡 2. ask for help向某人求助3. read aloud 朗读 4.that way (=in that way)通过那种方式5.improve my speak ing skills 提高我的会话技巧6.for example (=for in sta nee)例女口 7.have fun玩得高兴8. have con versati ons with frie nds与朋友对话9. get excited高兴，激动10. e nd up

53、speak ing in chin ese以说汉语结束对话II. do a survey about 做有关的调查 12.keep an english notebook 记英语笔记文讯教育教学设计13.spoke n en glish (= oral en glish)英语口语14.make mistakes 犯错误15.get the pronun ciati on right使发音准确16.practise speak ing en glish练习说英语 17.first of all首先 18.begin with以开始19.later on 随后20.in class 在课堂上 21.laught at 嘲笑22. take notes记笔记 23.enjoy doing 喜欢干24.write dow n写下，记下25.look up (v + adv) 查找，查询 26.native speakers 说本族话的人27.make up编造，虚构，化妆，打扮 28.around the world 全世界29.deal with 对待，处理，解决 30.worry about (be worried about)担心